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Chinese expert consensus on tetanus prophylaxis in major trauma (2026 Edition).

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Τίτλος: Chinese expert consensus on tetanus prophylaxis in major trauma (2026 Edition).
Συγγραφείς: Li Y; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China. Electronic address: Indiasuresh.vec04@gmail.com., Liu S; Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China., Jin P; Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University/Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315400, Zhejiang, China., Mao X; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China., Song Q; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China., Li L; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China., Li Z; Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University/Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315400, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: lizilong55@vip.sina.com., Yu B; Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. Electronic address: yubinol@163.com., Wang C; Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China. Electronic address: wangchuanlinvip@163.com., Zhang L; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China. Electronic address: hpzhangly@163.com.
Συλλογικό Έργο: Chinese Society of Traumatology of the Chinese Medical Association, Animal Injury Treatment Branch of the China Association for Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine, Youth Group of the Disaster Medicine Society of the Chinese Medical Association, Specialist Alliance for War Trauma Care of Army Hospital (Emergency Medicine), Western China Trauma Alliance, China County-level Hospital Emergency Alliance, Chongqing Emergency Care Consortium
Πηγή: Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi [Chin J Traumatol] 2026 Sep; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 313-326. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 24.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Consensus Statement; Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Editorial Dept. of Chinese Journal of Traumatology Country of Publication: China NLM ID: 100886162 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1008-1275 (Print) Linking ISSN: 10081275 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Chin J Traumatol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Chongqing : Editorial Dept. of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, c1998-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Tetanus*/prevention & control , Tetanus*/immunology , Wounds and Injuries*/immunology , Wounds and Injuries*/complications , Wounds and Injuries*/surgery , Consensus*, Humans ; China
Περίληψη: Tetanus is an acute infectious disease caused by Clostridium tetani, which enters the body through contaminated wounds, proliferates under anaerobic conditions, and produces neurotoxin. Patients with major trauma are at a markedly increased risk of tetanus owing to extensive tissue injury, heavy wound contamination, and trauma-associated impairment of immune function. Existing guidelines and consensus statements on tetanus prophylaxis largely address general open wounds and provide little specific guidance for patients with major trauma, particularly those undergoing emergency life-saving surgery through expedited care pathways or admitted to the intensive care unit. To standardize tetanus prophylaxis in the management of major trauma, the writing committee convened Chinese experts in emergency medicine, trauma surgery, critical care medicine, and immunology to develop this expert consensus based on the best available evidence and current clinical practice in China. The consensus covers the fundamental principles of tetanus prophylaxis in major trauma, damage-control debridement, assessment of immune status, active and passive immunization strategies, management of special injury types, prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients, response to mass-casualty incidents, and preventive strategies under resource-limited conditions, and it aims to provide practical guidance for tetanus prophylaxis during the clinical management of major trauma.
(Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interests All experts who participated in the development of this consensus declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The expert voting and consensus development process was independent of any pharmaceutical enterprise or company.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Active immunization; Expert consensus; Immunoprophylaxis; Major trauma; Passive immunization; Tetanus
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260824 Date Completed: 20260929 Latest Revision: 20260930
Update Code: 20260930
DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2026.06.002
PMID: 42637638
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Chinese expert consensus on tetanus prophylaxis in major trauma (2026 Edition).
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+Y%22">Li Y</searchLink>; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China. Electronic address: Indiasuresh.vec04@gmail.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+S%22">Liu S</searchLink>; Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jin+P%22">Jin P</searchLink>; Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University/Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315400, Zhejiang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mao+X%22">Mao X</searchLink>; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Song+Q%22">Song Q</searchLink>; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+L%22">Li L</searchLink>; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+Z%22">Li Z</searchLink>; Yangming Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University/Yuyao People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315400, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: lizilong55@vip.sina.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yu+B%22">Yu B</searchLink>; Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. Electronic address: yubinol@163.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+C%22">Wang C</searchLink>; Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China. Electronic address: wangchuanlinvip@163.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+L%22">Zhang L</searchLink>; Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing, 400042, China. Electronic address: hpzhangly@163.com.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Chinese+Society+of+Traumatology+of+the+Chinese+Medical+Association%22">Chinese Society of Traumatology of the Chinese Medical Association</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Animal+Injury+Treatment+Branch+of+the+China+Association+for+Disaster+and+Emergency+Rescue+Medicine%22">Animal Injury Treatment Branch of the China Association for Disaster and Emergency Rescue Medicine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Youth+Group+of+the+Disaster+Medicine+Society+of+the+Chinese+Medical+Association%22">Youth Group of the Disaster Medicine Society of the Chinese Medical Association</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Specialist+Alliance+for+War+Trauma+Care+of+Army+Hospital+%28Emergency+Medicine%29%22">Specialist Alliance for War Trauma Care of Army Hospital (Emergency Medicine)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Western+China+Trauma+Alliance%22">Western China Trauma Alliance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22China+County-level+Hospital+Emergency+Alliance%22">China County-level Hospital Emergency Alliance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Chongqing+Emergency+Care+Consortium%22">Chongqing Emergency Care Consortium</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22100886162%22">Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi</searchLink> [Chin J Traumatol] 2026 Sep; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 313-326. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Aug 24.
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  Data: Consensus Statement; Journal Article
– Name: Language
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  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Editorial+Dept%2E+of+Chinese+Journal+of+Traumatology%22">Editorial Dept. of Chinese Journal of Traumatology </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>China <i>NLM ID: </i>100886162 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1008-1275 (Print) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2210081275%22">10081275 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Chin J Traumatol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Chongqing : Editorial Dept. of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, c1998-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Tetanus%22">Tetanus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Tetanus+prevention+%26+control%22">prevention & control</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Tetanus%22">Tetanus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Tetanus+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries%22">Wounds and Injuries*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries%22">Wounds and Injuries*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries+complications%22">complications</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries%22">Wounds and Injuries*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Wounds+and+Injuries+surgery%22">surgery</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Consensus%22">Consensus*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Tetanus is an acute infectious disease caused by Clostridium tetani, which enters the body through contaminated wounds, proliferates under anaerobic conditions, and produces neurotoxin. Patients with major trauma are at a markedly increased risk of tetanus owing to extensive tissue injury, heavy wound contamination, and trauma-associated impairment of immune function. Existing guidelines and consensus statements on tetanus prophylaxis largely address general open wounds and provide little specific guidance for patients with major trauma, particularly those undergoing emergency life-saving surgery through expedited care pathways or admitted to the intensive care unit. To standardize tetanus prophylaxis in the management of major trauma, the writing committee convened Chinese experts in emergency medicine, trauma surgery, critical care medicine, and immunology to develop this expert consensus based on the best available evidence and current clinical practice in China. The consensus covers the fundamental principles of tetanus prophylaxis in major trauma, damage-control debridement, assessment of immune status, active and passive immunization strategies, management of special injury types, prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients, response to mass-casualty incidents, and preventive strategies under resource-limited conditions, and it aims to provide practical guidance for tetanus prophylaxis during the clinical management of major trauma.<br /> (Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declaration of competing interests All experts who participated in the development of this consensus declare that they have no conflicts of interest. The expert voting and consensus development process was independent of any pharmaceutical enterprise or company.
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Active immunization; Expert consensus; Immunoprophylaxis; Major trauma; Passive immunization; Tetanus
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260824 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260929 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260930
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  Data: 20260930
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  Data: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2026.06.002
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  Data: 42637638
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 313
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