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A three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for skull ultrasound transmission and effective porosity inversion.

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Τίτλος: A three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for skull ultrasound transmission and effective porosity inversion.
Συγγραφείς: Gao L; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China., Pan Y; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China., Zhang Z; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China., Qiu W; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
Πηγή: Physics in medicine and biology [Phys Med Biol] 2026 Sep 02; Vol. 71 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 02.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: IOP Publishing Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401220 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1361-6560 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00319155 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Phys Med Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Skull*/diagnostic imaging , Elasticity* , Ultrasonic Waves* , Scattering, Radiation* , Models, Biological*, Porosity ; Animals ; Phantoms, Imaging
Περίληψη: Transcranial ultrasound is increasingly used in brain imaging, neuromodulation, and therapy guidance, but its performance is severely degraded by the skull, whose porous and heterogeneous microstructure induces strong attenuation, scattering, and phase distortion in the MHz range. However, skull-induced transmission loss is still commonly handled empirically, and its quantitative relationship to interpretable microstructural descriptors remains poorly established. In this work, we develop a three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for porous cranial bone , comprising a mineralized matrix, a trabecular/cellular solid component within the pore space, and pore fluid. The model combines a Bruggeman-type effective-medium formulation for elastic properties, Biot-Johnson-Koplik-Dashen dynamic viscous coupling, and a Rayleigh-type scattering term to describe frequency-dependent transmission loss. Numerical analysis shows that the fast compressional mode exhibits a characteristic dependence on frequency and porosity, with attenuation governed jointly by viscous/tortuosity losses and microstructural scattering, while phase velocity is dominated by effective stiffness. The model was calibrated using through-transmission measurements on 3D-printed porous epoxy-alumina phantoms with porosities ranging from 10% to 40%, and was subsequently applied toex vivorat and monkey skulls to estimate local effective porosity from the apparent attenuation evaluated at representative analysis frequencies. For the monkey skull, the ultrasound-derived estimates were consistent with the CT-derived apparent porosity obtained from the same specimen. These results support a microstructure-informed parameterization of skull transmission loss and provide a quantitative basis for skull-aware propagation modeling and compensation in transcranial ultrasound.
(© 2026 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: biot poroelastic theory; effective porosity inversion; poroelastic scattering model; skull attenuation; transcranial ultrasound
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260820 Date Completed: 20260902 Latest Revision: 20260902
Update Code: 20260902
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ae9c87
PMID: 42624163
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: A three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for skull ultrasound transmission and effective porosity inversion.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gao+L%22">Gao L</searchLink>; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pan+Y%22">Pan Y</searchLink>; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+Z%22">Zhang Z</searchLink>; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Qiu+W%22">Qiu W</searchLink>; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China.; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China.
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  Data: Transcranial ultrasound is increasingly used in brain imaging, neuromodulation, and therapy guidance, but its performance is severely degraded by the skull, whose porous and heterogeneous microstructure induces strong attenuation, scattering, and phase distortion in the MHz range. However, skull-induced transmission loss is still commonly handled empirically, and its quantitative relationship to interpretable microstructural descriptors remains poorly established. In this work, we develop a three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for porous cranial bone , comprising a mineralized matrix, a trabecular/cellular solid component within the pore space, and pore fluid. The model combines a Bruggeman-type effective-medium formulation for elastic properties, Biot-Johnson-Koplik-Dashen dynamic viscous coupling, and a Rayleigh-type scattering term to describe frequency-dependent transmission loss. Numerical analysis shows that the fast compressional mode exhibits a characteristic dependence on frequency and porosity, with attenuation governed jointly by viscous/tortuosity losses and microstructural scattering, while phase velocity is dominated by effective stiffness. The model was calibrated using through-transmission measurements on 3D-printed porous epoxy-alumina phantoms with porosities ranging from 10% to 40%, and was subsequently applied toex vivorat and monkey skulls to estimate local effective porosity from the apparent attenuation evaluated at representative analysis frequencies. For the monkey skull, the ultrasound-derived estimates were consistent with the CT-derived apparent porosity obtained from the same specimen. These results support a microstructure-informed parameterization of skull transmission loss and provide a quantitative basis for skull-aware propagation modeling and compensation in transcranial ultrasound.<br /> (© 2026 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>biot poroelastic theory; effective porosity inversion; poroelastic scattering model; skull attenuation; transcranial ultrasound
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260820 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260902 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260902
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        Value: 10.1088/1361-6560/ae9c87
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Porosity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phantoms, Imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skull diagnostic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elasticity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrasonic Waves
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scattering, Radiation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Models, Biological
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      – TitleFull: A three-phase poroelastic-scattering model for skull ultrasound transmission and effective porosity inversion.
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              Text: 2026 Sep 02
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              Y: 2026
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