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Short-term aerobic pretreatment of swine manure enhances short-chain fatty acid production in anaerobic fermentation: performance and mechanisms.

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Τίτλος: Short-term aerobic pretreatment of swine manure enhances short-chain fatty acid production in anaerobic fermentation: performance and mechanisms.
Συγγραφείς: Xiong B; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Chen J; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Zhao L; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Chen M; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Hao X; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Sang W; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Guo Z; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Jiang D; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Liu S; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Zhu L; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China., Bai L; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China. 10384@sicau.edu.cn.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China. 10384@sicau.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Bioprocess and biosystems engineering [Bioprocess Biosyst Eng] 2026 Oct; Vol. 49 (10), pp. 2637-2649. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 19.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101088505 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1615-7605 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16157591 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Bioprocess Biosyst Eng Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Berlin, Germany : Springer-Verlag, 2001-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Manure*/microbiology , Fatty Acids, Volatile*/biosynthesis , Fermentation*, Animals ; Swine ; Anaerobiosis ; Aerobiosis
Περίληψη: Facing the dual challenges of swine manure pollution control and carbon resource recovery under intensive farming conditions, conventional anaerobic fermentation technologies are limited in their application for high-value conversion due to low hydrolysis efficiency and high operational costs. To address these limitations, this study proposed a self-heating strategy using short-term aerobic pretreatment, aiming to optimize substrate pretreatment and enhance the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids during subsequent acidogenic fermentation. The results demonstrated that this pretreatment approach rapidly activates aerobic microbial metabolism and significantly improves the substrate's overall properties, as reflected by a decreased pH and increased conductivity, moisture content, total protein, and total organic carbon, and effectively promotes the solubilization and hydrolysis of organic matter, thereby increasing the bioavailability of substrates for anaerobic fermentation. Microbial community analysis further revealed that the pretreatment process selectively enriched hydrolytic-acidogenic bacteria, including Clostridium, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Streptomyces, while synergistically enhancing the activities of key metabolic enzymes such as cellulase, protease, and acetate kinase. These effects systematically strengthened the metabolic pathways from substrate degradation to acid synthesis. As a result, the short‑term aerobic pretreatment achieved a significant improvement in SCFAs production and energy efficiency. Specifically, the total SCFAs yield increased by 21.31% ± 4.23%, while energy consumption declined by 94.48% ± 1.48%. In addition, the unit acid production cost amounted to merely 4.37% ± 0.15% of that required for the conventional low‑temperature thermal treatment. Moreover, it significantly reduced the abundance of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes in fermentation residues, highlighting its environmental benefits. This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism of short-term aerobic pretreatment across "substrate-microorganism-enzyme" dimensions, confirming it as an efficient, economical, and sustainable pretreatment technology for swine manure resource recovery.
(© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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Grant Information: 2021ZDZX0012 Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project; sccxtd-2026-08-06 The National Agricultural Industry Technology System Sichuan Pig Innovation Team Construction Project
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Aerobic pretreatment; Anaerobic fermentation; Short-chain fatty acids; Swine manure
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Manure)
0 (Fatty Acids, Volatile)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260819 Date Completed: 20260916 Latest Revision: 20260917
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xiong+B%22">Xiong B</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+J%22">Chen J</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhao+L%22">Zhao L</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+M%22">Chen M</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hao+X%22">Hao X</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sang+W%22">Sang W</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Guo+Z%22">Guo Z</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jiang+D%22">Jiang D</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+S%22">Liu S</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhu+L%22">Zhu L</searchLink>; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bai+L%22">Bai L</searchLink>; Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China. 10384@sicau.edu.cn.; State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China. 10384@sicau.edu.cn.
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101088505%22">Bioprocess and biosystems engineering</searchLink> [Bioprocess Biosyst Eng] 2026 Oct; Vol. 49 (10), pp. 2637-2649. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Aug 19.
– Name: TypePub
  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Springer-Verlag%22">Springer-Verlag </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Germany <i>NLM ID: </i>101088505 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1615-7605 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2216157591%22">16157591 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Bioprocess Biosyst Eng <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Berlin, Germany : Springer-Verlag, 2001-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Manure%22">Manure*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Manure+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fatty+Acids%2C+Volatile%22">Fatty Acids, Volatile*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fatty+Acids%2C+Volatile+biosynthesis%22">biosynthesis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fermentation%22">Fermentation*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Swine%22">Swine</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Anaerobiosis%22">Anaerobiosis</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Aerobiosis%22">Aerobiosis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Facing the dual challenges of swine manure pollution control and carbon resource recovery under intensive farming conditions, conventional anaerobic fermentation technologies are limited in their application for high-value conversion due to low hydrolysis efficiency and high operational costs. To address these limitations, this study proposed a self-heating strategy using short-term aerobic pretreatment, aiming to optimize substrate pretreatment and enhance the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids during subsequent acidogenic fermentation. The results demonstrated that this pretreatment approach rapidly activates aerobic microbial metabolism and significantly improves the substrate's overall properties, as reflected by a decreased pH and increased conductivity, moisture content, total protein, and total organic carbon, and effectively promotes the solubilization and hydrolysis of organic matter, thereby increasing the bioavailability of substrates for anaerobic fermentation. Microbial community analysis further revealed that the pretreatment process selectively enriched hydrolytic-acidogenic bacteria, including Clostridium, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Streptomyces, while synergistically enhancing the activities of key metabolic enzymes such as cellulase, protease, and acetate kinase. These effects systematically strengthened the metabolic pathways from substrate degradation to acid synthesis. As a result, the short‑term aerobic pretreatment achieved a significant improvement in SCFAs production and energy efficiency. Specifically, the total SCFAs yield increased by 21.31% ± 4.23%, while energy consumption declined by 94.48% ± 1.48%. In addition, the unit acid production cost amounted to merely 4.37% ± 0.15% of that required for the conventional low‑temperature thermal treatment. Moreover, it significantly reduced the abundance of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes in fermentation residues, highlighting its environmental benefits. This study elucidates the synergistic mechanism of short-term aerobic pretreatment across "substrate-microorganism-enzyme" dimensions, confirming it as an efficient, economical, and sustainable pretreatment technology for swine manure resource recovery.<br /> (© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
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  Data: 2021ZDZX0012 Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project; sccxtd-2026-08-06 The National Agricultural Industry Technology System Sichuan Pig Innovation Team Construction Project
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Aerobic pretreatment; Anaerobic fermentation; Short-chain fatty acids; Swine manure
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      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Swine
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      – SubjectFull: Anaerobiosis
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              Text: 2026 Oct
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