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Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Insights Into the Urease Inhibitory Potential of Fraxinus angustifolia Crude Extract and Fractions.

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Title: Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Insights Into the Urease Inhibitory Potential of Fraxinus angustifolia Crude Extract and Fractions.
Authors: Belkhir S; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Rahmani-Berboucha M; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Zemam SS; Laboratory of Enterobacteria and Other Related Bacteria, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, 16000, Algeria., Debbache-Benaida N; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Ceylan FD; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey., Adrar N; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey., Atia A; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Saidene N; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Benamrouche N; Laboratory of Enterobacteria and Other Related Bacteria, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algiers, 16000, Algeria.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Algiers, 16000, Algeria., Atmani-Kilani D; Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, 06000, Algeria., Capanoglu E; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey.
Source: Chemistry & biodiversity [Chem Biodivers] 2026 Aug; Vol. 23 (8), pp. e71583.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101197449 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1612-1880 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16121872 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Chem Biodivers Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Zürich, Switzerland : Hoboken, NJ : Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta ; Distributed in the USA by Wiley, c2004-
MeSH Terms: Urease*/antagonists & inhibitors , Urease*/metabolism , Plant Extracts*/chemistry , Plant Extracts*/pharmacology , Plant Extracts*/isolation & purification , Enzyme Inhibitors*/chemistry , Enzyme Inhibitors*/pharmacology , Enzyme Inhibitors*/isolation & purification , Fraxinus*/chemistry , Fraxinus*/metabolism , Phytochemicals*/chemistry , Phytochemicals*/pharmacology , Phytochemicals*/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/isolation & purification, Helicobacter pylori/drug effects ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship
Abstract: Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. has long been used in traditional medicine for the management of inflammatory and gastrointestinal disorders. This study investigated the anti-urease, anti-Helicobacter pylori, and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic leaf extract and its phenolic fractions, with a focus on the mechanisms underlying these effects. The extracts exhibited inhibition of urease activity and bacterial growth, with the aqueous fraction of chloroform (AC) showing the most pronounced effect (urease IC50 = 384.55 ± 4.31 µg/mL; MIC = 1000 µg/mL against H. pylori). HPLC-DAD analysis identified 11 phenolic compounds, including flavones and flavonols. Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (3585.25 µg/g) and rutin (936.11 µg/g), were the most abundant phenolic compounds in the crude extract (CE), whereas chlorogenic acid (824.51 µg/g), rosmarinic acid (586.47 µg/g), and apigenin (148.25 µg/g) predominated in the AC fraction. Enzyme kinetic analysis revealed a mixed mode of urease inhibition, while molecular docking predicted stable binding of phenolic compounds within the urease catalytic pocket and adjacent regions. These findings provide new evidence supporting F. angustifolia leaves as a relevant source of urease inhibitors, suggesting its potential for the management of H. pylori infection and related gastric disorders. Further studies are underway to isolate the active compounds and evaluate their in vivo efficacy.
(© 2026 Wiley‐VHCA AG.)
References: Antioxidants (Basel). 2019 Oct 18;8(10):. (PMID: 31635261)
Eur J Med Chem. 2015 Jan 7;89:179-88. (PMID: 25462238)
Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Feb 20;3(3):316-322. (PMID: 28462373)
ACS Omega. 2025 Jul 04;10(27):28643-28669. (PMID: 40687008)
Arch Med Sci. 2021 Jul 02;19(5):1479-1486. (PMID: 37732032)
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2023 Mar 12;75(3):427-436. (PMID: 36617303)
J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Oct 24;60(42):10572-7. (PMID: 23067328)
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2020 Jun 29;32(2):97-107. (PMID: 32598312)
Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Feb;43(4):514-33. (PMID: 26694080)
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Feb 28;14:1360852. (PMID: 38481665)
Eur J Med Chem. 2013 Oct;68:212-21. (PMID: 23974021)
J Med Food. 2010 Aug;13(4):896-904. (PMID: 20553185)
Turk J Med Sci. 2016 Apr 19;46(3):910-20. (PMID: 27513273)
Front Pharmacol. 2020 Feb 28;11:153. (PMID: 32184728)
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Feb 13;56(3):964-73. (PMID: 18205308)
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 Mar 8;60(11):6029-6035. (PMID: 33245574)
Nat Prod Res. 2023 Jun;37(12):1993-1997. (PMID: 35968637)
Front Microbiol. 2022 Feb 08;13:811258. (PMID: 35211104)
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 13;24(4):. (PMID: 36835169)
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2013 Jan;386(1):5-14. (PMID: 23128853)
J Adv Res. 2018 May 04;13:69-100. (PMID: 30094084)
J Med Chem. 2008 Apr 24;51(8):2575-9. (PMID: 18351727)
J Food Sci. 2007 Mar;72(2):S159-66. (PMID: 17995858)
Front Microbiol. 2017 Sep 27;8:1883. (PMID: 29021786)
J Comput Chem. 2010 Jan 30;31(2):455-61. (PMID: 19499576)
J Adv Res. 2015 Jan;6(1):35-44. (PMID: 25685542)
BMC Chem. 2019 Apr 01;13(1):45. (PMID: 31384793)
Fitoterapia. 2007 Feb;78(2):85-106. (PMID: 17184933)
Free Radic Res. 2005 Sep;39(9):995-1003. (PMID: 16087481)
Biomed J. 2016 Feb;39(1):14-23. (PMID: 27105595)
Inflamm Res. 2014 Jan;63(1):81-90. (PMID: 24127072)
J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 May 28;154(1):76-87. (PMID: 24685583)
J Cheminform. 2012 Aug 13;4(1):17. (PMID: 22889332)
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 30;319(Pt 3):117368. (PMID: 38380570)
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017;2017:4269868. (PMID: 29279716)
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 May;36(5):616-22. (PMID: 12717085)
Plants (Basel). 2021 Feb 12;10(2):. (PMID: 33673238)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Fraxinus angustifolia; H. pylori; HPLC‐DAD; anti‐urease activity; polyphenols
Substance Nomenclature: EC 3.5.1.5 (Urease)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Enzyme Inhibitors)
0 (Phytochemicals)
0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260814 Date Completed: 20260814 Latest Revision: 20260816
Update Code: 20260816
PubMed Central ID: PMC13475581
DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.71583
PMID: 42599635
Database: MEDLINE
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  Data: Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Insights Into the Urease Inhibitory Potential of Fraxinus angustifolia Crude Extract and Fractions.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. has long been used in traditional medicine for the management of inflammatory and gastrointestinal disorders. This study investigated the anti-urease, anti-Helicobacter pylori, and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic leaf extract and its phenolic fractions, with a focus on the mechanisms underlying these effects. The extracts exhibited inhibition of urease activity and bacterial growth, with the aqueous fraction of chloroform (AC) showing the most pronounced effect (urease IC<subscript>50</subscript> = 384.55 ± 4.31 µg/mL; MIC = 1000 µg/mL against H. pylori). HPLC-DAD analysis identified 11 phenolic compounds, including flavones and flavonols. Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (3585.25 µg/g) and rutin (936.11 µg/g), were the most abundant phenolic compounds in the crude extract (CE), whereas chlorogenic acid (824.51 µg/g), rosmarinic acid (586.47 µg/g), and apigenin (148.25 µg/g) predominated in the AC fraction. Enzyme kinetic analysis revealed a mixed mode of urease inhibition, while molecular docking predicted stable binding of phenolic compounds within the urease catalytic pocket and adjacent regions. These findings provide new evidence supporting F. angustifolia leaves as a relevant source of urease inhibitors, suggesting its potential for the management of H. pylori infection and related gastric disorders. Further studies are underway to isolate the active compounds and evaluate their in vivo efficacy.<br /> (© 2026 Wiley‐VHCA AG.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Fraxinus angustifolia; H. pylori; HPLC‐DAD; anti‐urease activity; polyphenols
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      – SubjectFull: Helicobacter pylori drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Leaves chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Leaves metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molecular Docking Simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microbial Sensitivity Tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Molecular Structure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structure-Activity Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urease antagonists & inhibitors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Urease metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Extracts chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Extracts pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Extracts isolation & purification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enzyme Inhibitors chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enzyme Inhibitors pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Enzyme Inhibitors isolation & purification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fraxinus chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fraxinus metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phytochemicals chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phytochemicals pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phytochemicals isolation & purification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Phytochemical Profiling, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Insights Into the Urease Inhibitory Potential of Fraxinus angustifolia Crude Extract and Fractions.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Belkhir S
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rahmani-Berboucha M
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zemam SS
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Debbache-Benaida N
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ceylan FD
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Adrar N
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Atia A
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Saidene N
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Benamrouche N
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Atmani-Kilani D
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Capanoglu E
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: 2026 Aug
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1612-1880
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 23
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Chemistry & biodiversity
              Type: main
ResultId 1