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Comparing efficacy in glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes between continuous glucose monitoring and self-monitoring of blood glucose in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Τίτλος: Comparing efficacy in glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes between continuous glucose monitoring and self-monitoring of blood glucose in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Συγγραφείς: Yang S; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Boon ET; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Yang Q; NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Chen QY; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Shen J; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Li J; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China., Hu Y; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China., Wang Y; Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China., Qi H; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China., Choolani M; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore., Benhalima K; Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Belgium., Li LJ; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Li Ka-Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. Electronic address: queenie.lingjun.li@hku.hk.
Πηγή: Diabetes research and clinical practice [Diabetes Res Clin Pract] 2026 Sep; Vol. 239, pp. 113488. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 13.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Systematic Review; Meta-Analysis; Comparative Study; Review
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Scientific Publishers Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 8508335 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-8227 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01688227 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diabetes Res Clin Pract Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 1993- : Limerick : Elsevier Scientific Publishers
Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., c1985-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Diabetes, Gestational*/blood , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring*/methods , Blood Glucose*/analysis , Glycemic Control*/methods, Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Continuous Glucose Monitoring ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Infant, Newborn
Περίληψη: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may offer advantages over self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-complicated pregnancies, but evidence remains inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies published between January 1980 and April 2026 in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, comparing CGM with SMBG in GDM pregnancies. The review was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD420251084931). Primary outcomes were glycaemic control measures; secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal events. Risk of bias was assessed using the Jadad scale and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Twenty-one studies involving 5,650 pregnant women were included, with low-to-moderate bias risks. Compared with SMBG, CGM significantly lower mean blood glucose (MD -0.24 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.06), coefficient-of-variation (-0.78%; -1.50, -0.06), mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (-0.22 mmol/L; -0.43, -0.02), and time-above-range > 7.8 mmol/L (-2.19%, -3.78, -0.60). CGM was also associated with an 21% increase in medication use and an 8-35% reduction in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including caesarean delivery, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. These findings suggest CGM improves glycaemic control in GDM and reduces maternal and neonatal complications.
(Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: CGM; Continuous glucose monitoring; Diabetes; Epidemiology; GDM; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Glycaemic control; Maternal outcomes; Meta-analysis; Neonatal outcomes; Pregnancy; SMBG; Self monitoring blood glucose
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Blood Glucose)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260813 Date Completed: 20260829 Latest Revision: 20260902
Update Code: 20260902
DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2026.113488
PMID: 42595054
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Comparing efficacy in glycaemic control and pregnancy outcomes between continuous glucose monitoring and self-monitoring of blood glucose in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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  Data: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may offer advantages over self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-complicated pregnancies, but evidence remains inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies published between January 1980 and April 2026 in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, comparing CGM with SMBG in GDM pregnancies. The review was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD420251084931). Primary outcomes were glycaemic control measures; secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal events. Risk of bias was assessed using the Jadad scale and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) or mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Twenty-one studies involving 5,650 pregnant women were included, with low-to-moderate bias risks. Compared with SMBG, CGM significantly lower mean blood glucose (MD -0.24 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.41, -0.06), coefficient-of-variation (-0.78%; -1.50, -0.06), mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (-0.22 mmol/L; -0.43, -0.02), and time-above-range > 7.8 mmol/L (-2.19%, -3.78, -0.60). CGM was also associated with an 21% increase in medication use and an 8-35% reduction in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including caesarean delivery, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, and hyperbilirubinemia. These findings suggest CGM improves glycaemic control in GDM and reduces maternal and neonatal complications.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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