Academic Journal
Innate immunity: current understandings and future perspectives.
| Τίτλος: | Innate immunity: current understandings and future perspectives. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Zou C; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.; Department of Hematology and Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Ma T; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China., Li J; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. lijing1984@scu.edu.cn., Zhou X; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. xikunzhou@scu.edu.cn.; Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, China. xikunzhou@scu.edu.cn.; Laboratory of Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. xikunzhou@scu.edu.cn. |
| Πηγή: | Signal transduction and targeted therapy [Signal Transduct Target Ther] 2026 Aug 12; Vol. 11 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 12. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101676423 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2059-3635 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20593635 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Signal Transduct Target Ther Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: [London] : Nature Publishing Group, [2016]- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Immunity, Innate*/immunology , Immunity, Innate*/genetics , Inflammasomes*/immunology , Inflammasomes*/genetics , Autoimmune Diseases*/immunology , Autoimmune Diseases*/genetics , Receptors, Pattern Recognition*/immunology , Receptors, Pattern Recognition*/genetics , Neoplasms*/immunology , Neoplasms*/genetics, Signal Transduction/immunology ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Humans ; Innate Immunity Recognition ; Animals ; Trained Immunity |
| Περίληψη: | Innate immunity constitutes the body's first line of defense, deploying evolutionarily conserved mechanisms to detect and respond to pathogenic threats and tissue injury. In contrast to the adaptive immune system's specificity and memory, innate immunity relies on germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). This review outlines the major PRR families and their downstream signaling pathways, culminating in the production of cytokines and inflammasome activation. Additionally, this review explores the functional integration of cellular responses and examines the sophisticated regulatory circuits, including transcriptional, posttranscriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic mechanisms, that calibrate innate immune responses. Importantly, we highlight how dysregulated innate immunity underlies a wide spectrum of diseases, from autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders to chronic inflammatory states and cancer. Recent insights into trained immunity and innate immune memory further redefine the scope of innate defenses, revealing that metabolic and epigenetic remodeling can prime innate cells for enhanced secondary responses. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of modulating innate pathways, including PRR agonists as vaccine adjuvants or anticancer agents, and PRR inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. By integrating current mechanistic knowledge with emerging therapeutic strategies, this review underscores the central role of innate immunity in health and disease while pointing toward promising avenues for future research and clinical translation. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | No. 82241049 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China); No. 82273320 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China); No. 82472686 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Inflammasomes) 0 (Receptors, Pattern Recognition) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260812 Date Completed: 20260812 Latest Revision: 20260814 |
| Update Code: | 20260814 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13462524 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41392-026-02920-0 |
| PMID: | 42581325 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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