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Molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for forensic science: A review of the way forward for presumptive testing.

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Τίτλος: Molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for forensic science: A review of the way forward for presumptive testing.
Συγγραφείς: Ge H; Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Administration, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China., Shen X; State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: xtshenlab@hust.edu.cn., Huang C; Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: chuixiuh@hust.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Analytica chimica acta [Anal Chim Acta] 2026 Oct 08; Vol. 1418, pp. 345794. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 04.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Review; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0370534 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4324 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00032670 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anal Chim Acta Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: Amsterdam.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Molecularly Imprinted Polymers*/chemistry , Forensic Sciences*/methods , Polymers*/chemistry , Molecular Imprinting*, Humans
Περίληψη: Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer stable, reusable, and specific synthetic recognition sites for chemical sensing. MIP-based drug sensors are promising tools for forensic biological-matrix drug screening before confirmatory analysis, but their translation into forensic practice is constrained less by peak analytical sensitivity than by explicit decision rules at the program screening cutoff, embedded quality control (QC), and traceable records compatible with chain-of-custody review. To evaluate this translation gap, we reviewed 114 studies published from 2015 to early 2026 and organized a standards-aligned framework with three boundary conditions (BCs). BC-I (matrix robustness) requires matrix-robust, interpretable signals in realistic specimens. BC-II (cutoff-centered decision rules) requires explicit decision rules at the program screening cutoff, optionally with a predefined Inconclusive Zone and prespecified follow-up actions. BC-III (lifecycle comparability) requires consistent decisions across lots, devices, operators and over time via embedded QC, lot-bridging, and version-controlled configuration. Using representative MIP platforms and drug-sensing case studies, we identify recurring gaps that hinder MIP deployment in forensic presumptive testing, including narrow matrix panels, incomplete raw-trace provenance, absent borderline handling, and limited lifecycle-comparability documentation. We believe that practical progress will often depend on adopting mature quality system practices, routine near-cutoff testing, and complete documentation to support traceable screening decisions.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Chain-of-custody; Cutoff-centered decision rules; Forensic science; Molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensor; Presumptive testing
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Molecularly Imprinted Polymers)
0 (Polymers)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260807 Date Completed: 20260807 Latest Revision: 20260827
Update Code: 20260827
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345794
PMID: 42567572
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors for forensic science: A review of the way forward for presumptive testing.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ge+H%22">Ge H</searchLink>; Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Administration, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shen+X%22">Shen X</searchLink>; State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: xtshenlab@hust.edu.cn.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+C%22">Huang C</searchLink>; Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road #13, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. Electronic address: chuixiuh@hust.edu.cn.
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  Data: Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer stable, reusable, and specific synthetic recognition sites for chemical sensing. MIP-based drug sensors are promising tools for forensic biological-matrix drug screening before confirmatory analysis, but their translation into forensic practice is constrained less by peak analytical sensitivity than by explicit decision rules at the program screening cutoff, embedded quality control (QC), and traceable records compatible with chain-of-custody review. To evaluate this translation gap, we reviewed 114 studies published from 2015 to early 2026 and organized a standards-aligned framework with three boundary conditions (BCs). BC-I (matrix robustness) requires matrix-robust, interpretable signals in realistic specimens. BC-II (cutoff-centered decision rules) requires explicit decision rules at the program screening cutoff, optionally with a predefined Inconclusive Zone and prespecified follow-up actions. BC-III (lifecycle comparability) requires consistent decisions across lots, devices, operators and over time via embedded QC, lot-bridging, and version-controlled configuration. Using representative MIP platforms and drug-sensing case studies, we identify recurring gaps that hinder MIP deployment in forensic presumptive testing, including narrow matrix panels, incomplete raw-trace provenance, absent borderline handling, and limited lifecycle-comparability documentation. We believe that practical progress will often depend on adopting mature quality system practices, routine near-cutoff testing, and complete documentation to support traceable screening decisions.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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