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Contamination profile of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their potential precursors in the aquatic environment of important bathing beaches in China.

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Τίτλος: Contamination profile of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their potential precursors in the aquatic environment of important bathing beaches in China.
Συγγραφείς: Cao X; School of History and Culture, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China. Electronic address: xuezhi@qfnu.edu.cn., Zhang C; School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China., Ma C; School of Resources, Environment, and Safety Engineering, Jining University, Qufu, 273155, China., Zhao P; School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China., Wang Y; School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China., Deng W; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N.T, Hong Kong.
Πηγή: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2026 Sep 15; Vol. 306 (Pt 4), pp. 125420. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 07.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Fluorocarbons*/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Seawater*/chemistry , Seawater*/analysis , Environmental Monitoring* , Bathing Beaches*, Caprylates/analysis ; China
Περίληψη: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are globally distributed chemicals. Bathing seawater has high requirements for water quality. In this study, a national-scale investigation on the levels, the spatiotemporal distribution trends, and the bioconcentrations of PFAS in the water from some important bathing beaches in China were conducted for the first time. The total concentrations of PFAS (ΣPFAS) ranged from 8.24 to 140.97 ng/L. After oxidative conversion, ΣPFAS levels increased by 6.20% to 66.38%, confirming the significant presence of precursors. Potential PFAS precursors in the water of beaches were studied by an oxidative conversion method. The results showed that most perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were detectable in water of bathing beaches. The highest PFAA concentrations were found in December. Short-chain perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) comprised more than 60% of ΣPFAS. Perfluorobutanoate acid (PFBA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were prevalent for all water samples. The PFAS concentrations exhibited obvious spatiotemporal variations. Tourism activities may have a potential but limited influence on localized PFAS levels. Oxidative treatment can effectively transform potential precursors into short-chain PFAAs. The results verified the PFAA precursors' existence in the water of beaches. Therefore, some effective environmental management measures should be adopted for safeguarding water quality of bathing beaches.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Bathing beach; Oxidation; Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; Precursors; Water
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Fluorocarbons)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Caprylates)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260806 Date Completed: 20260817 Latest Revision: 20260831
Update Code: 20260831
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.125420
PMID: 42562168
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Contamination profile of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and their potential precursors in the aquatic environment of important bathing beaches in China.
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  Data: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are globally distributed chemicals. Bathing seawater has high requirements for water quality. In this study, a national-scale investigation on the levels, the spatiotemporal distribution trends, and the bioconcentrations of PFAS in the water from some important bathing beaches in China were conducted for the first time. The total concentrations of PFAS (ΣPFAS) ranged from 8.24 to 140.97 ng/L. After oxidative conversion, ΣPFAS levels increased by 6.20% to 66.38%, confirming the significant presence of precursors. Potential PFAS precursors in the water of beaches were studied by an oxidative conversion method. The results showed that most perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) were detectable in water of bathing beaches. The highest PFAA concentrations were found in December. Short-chain perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) comprised more than 60% of ΣPFAS. Perfluorobutanoate acid (PFBA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were prevalent for all water samples. The PFAS concentrations exhibited obvious spatiotemporal variations. Tourism activities may have a potential but limited influence on localized PFAS levels. Oxidative treatment can effectively transform potential precursors into short-chain PFAAs. The results verified the PFAA precursors&#39; existence in the water of beaches. Therefore, some effective environmental management measures should be adopted for safeguarding water quality of bathing beaches.&lt;br /&gt; (Copyright &#169; 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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  Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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