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Insights Into Perceptions, Motivations, and Barriers Toward Board Certification Among Pharmacists in Middle East Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study.

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Τίτλος: Insights Into Perceptions, Motivations, and Barriers Toward Board Certification Among Pharmacists in Middle East Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Συγγραφείς: Malaeb D; College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE., Younes S; School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon., Barakat M; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan., Jaber A; Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai, UAE., El-Labbad EM; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Hassan BAR; Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq., Salim R; College of Science for Women/Department of Chemistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq., Al-Jewari WM; Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq., Mosleh R; Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine., Al Ayoubi F; Cardiology Clinical Pharmacist Department of Cardiac Sciences & CCU, King Fahad Cardiac Center & College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia., Jawad H; College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain., Hallit S; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon., El Said NO; Department of Pharmacy Practice & Clinical Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt., El Nekidy WS; Department of Pharmacy Services, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.; Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Πηγή: Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP [J Am Coll Clin Pharm] 2026 Aug; Vol. 9 (8), pp. e70256.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101723133 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2574-9870 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 25749870 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Am Coll Clin Pharm Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: [Hoboken, NJ] : Wiley, [2018]-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Pharmacists*/psychology , Pharmacists*/standards , Certification* , Motivation* , Attitude of Health Personnel*, Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Middle East ; Male ; Adult ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Middle Aged ; Job Satisfaction ; Perception
Περίληψη: Background: Pharmacist board certification through the Board of Pharmacy Specialties (BPS) is expanding in many developed countries; however, research on this topic in the Middle East remains limited. This study aimed to assess the perceptions, motivations, barriers, and factors associated with pharmacists pursuing BPS board certification in Middle Eastern countries.
Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire consisting of multiple sections assessing demographics, knowledge, attitudes, motivations, barriers, and job satisfaction was distributed to licensed pharmacists across Middle East countries between October 2024 and January 2025 via professional and social media platforms using a snowball sampling approach.
Results: A total of 1631 pharmacists participated in the study, of whom 512 (31.4%) were board certified. Board-certified pharmacists reported higher levels of pride and self-confidence related to their certification status (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression showed that lower-income pharmacists were more likely to seek board certification (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-3.4; p < 0.001). Conversely, lack of guidance regarding BPS certification (OR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40-0.76; p < 0.001) and insufficient financial support (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40-0.84; p = 0.003) were associated with lower odds of certification. Pharmacists who learned about certification through an instructor (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.4-2.57; p < 0.001) or through journal articles (OR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01-1.8; p = 0.045) were more likely to pursue a certification.
Conclusion: This study identifies key regional barriers toward pursuing board certification particularly limited guidance and financial constraints which highlights the need for targeted strategies such as mentorship, employer support, and educational outreach to enhance certification uptake and strengthen the pharmacy workforce in the Middle East.
(© 2026 The Author(s). JACCP: Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of ACCP Foundation, Ltd.)
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Grant Information: FND000472/JS/RvK International Pharmaceutical Federation-Board of Pharmacy Specialties
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Middle East; barriers; board certification; motivation; pharmacist
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260722 Date Completed: 20260722 Latest Revision: 20260722
Update Code: 20260723
DOI: 10.1002/jac5.70256
PMID: 42486532
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:2574-9870
DOI:10.1002/jac5.70256