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The pQBR mercury resistance plasmids: a model set of sympatric environmental mobile genetic elements.

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Τίτλος: The pQBR mercury resistance plasmids: a model set of sympatric environmental mobile genetic elements.
Συγγραφείς: Orr VT; Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK., Harrison E; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK., Rivett DW; Department of Natural Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK., Wright RCT; Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK., Hall JPJ; Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Πηγή: Microbial genomics [Microb Genom] 2026 Jul; Vol. 12 (7).
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Microbiology Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101671820 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2057-5858 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20575858 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Genom Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Oct. 2015- : [London] : Microbiology Society
Original Publication: [London] : Society for General Microbiology, [2015]-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Plasmids*/genetics , Mercury*/pharmacology , Pseudomonas*/genetics , Pseudomonas*/drug effects , Drug Resistance, Bacterial*/genetics , Interspersed Repetitive Sequences*, Extrachromosomal DNA ; Gene Transfer, Horizontal ; Soil Microbiology ; Genome, Bacterial ; DNA Transposable Elements ; Phylogeny
Περίληψη: Plasmids are extrachromosomal mobile genetic elements that can facilitate rapid bacterial adaptation by transferring genes between individuals. Whilst plasmids are known to exist in diverse habitats and encode a range of traits, most of our knowledge about plasmids comes from clinically associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) plasmids that have already been recruited as vectors of drug resistance and have likely been shaped by strong selection for plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance. Here, we investigated 26 plasmids from the pQBR collection - a set of large, co-existing mercury resistance environmental plasmids isolated in Pseudomonas spp. from a field in Oxfordshire in the 1990s - and explored the ability of pQBR plasmids to transfer novel chromosomally encoded traits. New whole-genome sequences for 25 plasmids confirmed that these soil-isolated plasmids are generally very large (140-588 kb), constitute at least six distinct genetic groups and have relatives in various other Pseudomonas species and habitats. Despite significant nucleotide-level divergence, Groups I (pQBR103-like, ~406 kb) and IV (pQBR57-like, ~328 kb) showed remarkable ancient similarities in synteny and gene content both with one another and with the PInc-2/IncP-2 family of plasmids known to transfer clinically significant drug resistance between Pseudomonas aeruginosa hosts. None of the pQBR plasmids sequenced to date harboured known AMR determinants, but putative phage defence systems and metal resistances were evident. Transposable elements, including the Tn5042 mercury resistance transposon, were responsible for significant structural variation within plasmid groups, consistent with a predominant role of transposons in rapidly remodelling plasmids. To experimentally test the ability of pQBR plasmids to spread new traits, we developed a novel transposon transfer assay which showed that certain Group IV pQBR plasmids were especially effective at acquiring the chromosomally encoded transposon Tn6291 and that this ability to transfer transposons was likely due to specific plasmid factors rather than generic conjugation rate. Our work presents a tractable set of sequenced plasmids suitable for exploring the evolution and dynamics of gene acquisition by pre-AMR plasmids and provides a key case study highlighting the pervasive interplay between plasmids and transposable elements that can drive microbial genome evolution.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Pseudomonas; antibiotic resistance; megaplasmid; plasmid; soil microbiology; transposon
Substance Nomenclature: FXS1BY2PGL (Mercury)
0 (Extrachromosomal DNA)
0 (DNA Transposable Elements)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260722 Date Completed: 20260722 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260814
PubMed Central ID: PMC13391042
DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001789
PMID: 42485076
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: The pQBR mercury resistance plasmids: a model set of sympatric environmental mobile genetic elements.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Orr+VT%22">Orr VT</searchLink>; Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Harrison+E%22">Harrison E</searchLink>; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rivett+DW%22">Rivett DW</searchLink>; Department of Natural Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wright+RCT%22">Wright RCT</searchLink>; Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hall+JPJ%22">Hall JPJ</searchLink>; Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Microbiology+Society%22">Microbiology Society </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>101671820 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>2057-5858 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2220575858%22">20575858 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Microb Genom <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: Oct. 2015- : [London] : Microbiology Society<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: [London] : Society for General Microbiology, [2015]-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plasmids%22">Plasmids*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plasmids+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Mercury%22">Mercury*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Mercury+pharmacology%22">pharmacology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pseudomonas%22">Pseudomonas*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pseudomonas+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pseudomonas%22">Pseudomonas*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pseudomonas+drug+effects%22">drug effects</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Drug+Resistance%2C+Bacterial%22">Drug Resistance, Bacterial*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Drug+Resistance%2C+Bacterial+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Interspersed+Repetitive+Sequences%22">Interspersed Repetitive Sequences*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Extrachromosomal+DNA%22">Extrachromosomal DNA</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Gene+Transfer%2C+Horizontal%22">Gene Transfer, Horizontal</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Soil+Microbiology%22">Soil Microbiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Genome%2C+Bacterial%22">Genome, Bacterial</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22DNA+Transposable+Elements%22">DNA Transposable Elements</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Phylogeny%22">Phylogeny</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Plasmids are extrachromosomal mobile genetic elements that can facilitate rapid bacterial adaptation by transferring genes between individuals. Whilst plasmids are known to exist in diverse habitats and encode a range of traits, most of our knowledge about plasmids comes from clinically associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) plasmids that have already been recruited as vectors of drug resistance and have likely been shaped by strong selection for plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance. Here, we investigated 26 plasmids from the pQBR collection - a set of large, co-existing mercury resistance environmental plasmids isolated in Pseudomonas spp. from a field in Oxfordshire in the 1990s - and explored the ability of pQBR plasmids to transfer novel chromosomally encoded traits. New whole-genome sequences for 25 plasmids confirmed that these soil-isolated plasmids are generally very large (140-588 kb), constitute at least six distinct genetic groups and have relatives in various other Pseudomonas species and habitats. Despite significant nucleotide-level divergence, Groups I (pQBR103-like, ~406 kb) and IV (pQBR57-like, ~328 kb) showed remarkable ancient similarities in synteny and gene content both with one another and with the PInc-2/IncP-2 family of plasmids known to transfer clinically significant drug resistance between Pseudomonas aeruginosa hosts. None of the pQBR plasmids sequenced to date harboured known AMR determinants, but putative phage defence systems and metal resistances were evident. Transposable elements, including the Tn5042 mercury resistance transposon, were responsible for significant structural variation within plasmid groups, consistent with a predominant role of transposons in rapidly remodelling plasmids. To experimentally test the ability of pQBR plasmids to spread new traits, we developed a novel transposon transfer assay which showed that certain Group IV pQBR plasmids were especially effective at acquiring the chromosomally encoded transposon Tn6291 and that this ability to transfer transposons was likely due to specific plasmid factors rather than generic conjugation rate. Our work presents a tractable set of sequenced plasmids suitable for exploring the evolution and dynamics of gene acquisition by pre-AMR plasmids and provides a key case study highlighting the pervasive interplay between plasmids and transposable elements that can drive microbial genome evolution.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Pseudomonas; antibiotic resistance; megaplasmid; plasmid; soil microbiology; transposon
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  Data: FXS1BY2PGL (Mercury)<br />0 (Extrachromosomal DNA)<br />0 (DNA Transposable Elements)
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260722 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260722 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260813
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  Data: 20260814
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  Data: 10.1099/mgen.0.001789
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PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42485076
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        Value: 10.1099/mgen.0.001789
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Extrachromosomal DNA
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gene Transfer, Horizontal
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil Microbiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Genome, Bacterial
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: DNA Transposable Elements
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phylogeny
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      – SubjectFull: Plasmids genetics
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      – SubjectFull: Mercury pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pseudomonas genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pseudomonas drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drug Resistance, Bacterial genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interspersed Repetitive Sequences
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The pQBR mercury resistance plasmids: a model set of sympatric environmental mobile genetic elements.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: 2026 Jul
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 2057-5858
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              Value: 12
            – Type: issue
              Value: 7
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Microbial genomics
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