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Background ion shift induces microbial compensatory and structural remodeling in anammox granules.

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Τίτλος: Background ion shift induces microbial compensatory and structural remodeling in anammox granules.
Συγγραφείς: Qi J; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China., Zhou Q; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China., Ye Z; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China., Xu R; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China., Meng F; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China. Electronic address: mengfg@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Bioresource technology [Bioresour Technol] 2026 Dec; Vol. 461, pp. 135472. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 21.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9889523 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-2976 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09608524 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Bioresour Technol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Barking, Essex, England : New York, N.Y. : Elsevier Applied Science ; Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1991-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Bioreactors*/microbiology , Bacteria*/metabolism , Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation*, Nitrogen/isolation & purification ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Biomass ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Ions
Περίληψη: Stable municipal anammox treatment requires the retention of slow-growing anammox bacteria within structurally robust granules. However, the role of background cation availability in maintaining mineral-associated granule stability remains unclear. Here, parallel continuous-flow anammox reactors were operated under contrasting cation conditions to determine how influent hydrochemistry affects granule persistence and reactor performance. The control reactor (R1) maintained stable and efficient removal of nitrogen (over 80%), whereas the cation-limited reactor (R2) showed progressive deterioration, with the total nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) declining to a minimum of 49%. The performance deterioration of R2 was not attributed to impaired anammox metabolic activity, as evidenced by the improved specific anammox activity and consistently maintained bacterial viability. Instead, cation deficiency destabilized the mineral-associated structure, reduced surface hydrophobicity and settleability, finally triggering biomass washout. Anammox granules initiated compensatory responses characterized by upregulated EPS accumulation, and PICRUSt2 predictions suggested potential adjustments in EPS turnover and ion transport pathways. However, these adaptations were insufficient to counteract structural collapse. Community succession featured a decline in the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia and the enrichment of heterotrophic nitrate-reducers in R2. Moreover, reduced background ion availability was associated with lower microbial network connectivity and a tendency toward greater contribution of stochastic processes to community assembly. Background water chemistry therefore governs whether metabolically competent anammox biomass can remain structurally retained as durable granules and sustain stable reactor function, highlighting ionic compatibility as a key consideration for robust mainstream anammox operation.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Background cations; EPS; Functional microbial community; Microbial compensatory; Nitrogen removal
Substance Nomenclature: N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
0 (Ions)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260721 Date Completed: 20260925 Latest Revision: 20260925
Update Code: 20260925
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.135472
PMID: 42480945
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Background ion shift induces microbial compensatory and structural remodeling in anammox granules.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Qi+J%22">Qi J</searchLink>; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhou+Q%22">Zhou Q</searchLink>; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ye+Z%22">Ye Z</searchLink>; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xu+R%22">Xu R</searchLink>; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meng+F%22">Meng F</searchLink>; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, PR China. Electronic address: mengfg@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229889523%22">Bioresource technology</searchLink> [Bioresour Technol] 2026 Dec; Vol. 461, pp. 135472. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jul 21.
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  Data: Stable municipal anammox treatment requires the retention of slow-growing anammox bacteria within structurally robust granules. However, the role of background cation availability in maintaining mineral-associated granule stability remains unclear. Here, parallel continuous-flow anammox reactors were operated under contrasting cation conditions to determine how influent hydrochemistry affects granule persistence and reactor performance. The control reactor (R1) maintained stable and efficient removal of nitrogen (over 80%), whereas the cation-limited reactor (R2) showed progressive deterioration, with the total nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) declining to a minimum of 49%. The performance deterioration of R2 was not attributed to impaired anammox metabolic activity, as evidenced by the improved specific anammox activity and consistently maintained bacterial viability. Instead, cation deficiency destabilized the mineral-associated structure, reduced surface hydrophobicity and settleability, finally triggering biomass washout. Anammox granules initiated compensatory responses characterized by upregulated EPS accumulation, and PICRUSt2 predictions suggested potential adjustments in EPS turnover and ion transport pathways. However, these adaptations were insufficient to counteract structural collapse. Community succession featured a decline in the relative abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia and the enrichment of heterotrophic nitrate-reducers in R2. Moreover, reduced background ion availability was associated with lower microbial network connectivity and a tendency toward greater contribution of stochastic processes to community assembly. Background water chemistry therefore governs whether metabolically competent anammox biomass can remain structurally retained as durable granules and sustain stable reactor function, highlighting ionic compatibility as a key consideration for robust mainstream anammox operation.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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  Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province. Fangang Meng reports financial support was provided by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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