Academic Journal
Seasonal modulation of immune, hemato-biochemical, and antioxidant responses in Nile tilapia during ectoparasitic infection: insights into host-parasite-environment interactions.
| Τίτλος: | Seasonal modulation of immune, hemato-biochemical, and antioxidant responses in Nile tilapia during ectoparasitic infection: insights into host-parasite-environment interactions. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Radwan M; Marine Biology Branch, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: MahmoudKhriy.201@azhar.edu.eg., Moussa MA; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Fares M; Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., Al-Megrin WAI; Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia., Al Malki JS; Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia., Abdel-Samad MRK; Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. |
| Πηγή: | Developmental and comparative immunology [Dev Comp Immunol] 2026 Sep; Vol. 182, pp. 105690. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 17. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7708205 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0089 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0145305X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Dev Comp Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Tarrytown Ny : Elsevier Science Original Publication: Elmsford, N. Y., Pergamon Press., 1977-2004. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Cichlids*/immunology , Cichlids*/parasitology , Fish Diseases*/immunology , Fish Diseases*/parasitology , Ectoparasitic Infestations*/immunology, Antioxidants/metabolism ; Host-Parasite Interactions/immunology ; Liver/immunology ; Liver/metabolism ; Gills/immunology ; Gills/metabolism ; Animals ; Seasons ; Phagocytosis ; Egypt ; Respiratory Burst |
| Περίληψη: | Limited information is available on how seasonal changes affect host immunity, hemato-biochemical status, antioxidant responses, and parasite infection in cultured fish. Therefore, this study evaluated the associations among seasonal changes, parasitic infections (Cichlidogyrus tilapiae and Centrocestus formosanus), and hemato-biochemical, antioxidant, and immune responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (n = 593) and water samples were collected seasonally from Abbasa Fish Farm, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Parasite prevalence was highest in summer and lowest in winter. Infected fish showed marked hemato-biochemical changes, including reduced RBCs, hemoglobin (Hb), total protein, albumin, and globulin, whereas WBCs increased in spring, summer, and autumn but declined in winter; uric acid, glucose, ALT, and AST activities increased, particularly in winter. Antioxidant enzymes in gills and liver (SOD, CAT, and GPx) increased in spring, declined in summer, partially recovered in autumn, and reached their lowest values in winter, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in summer and winter. Immune responses, including lysozyme activity, respiratory burst activity, phagocytic activity, complement C3, and IgM, were enhanced in summer and reduced in winter. Seasonal changes also modulated the expression of C3, LZ, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, COX-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ genes. Marked seasonal histological alterations were observed in the gills, liver, and spleen of infected fish, especially during winter. PCA indicated seasonal separation associated with water quality and immune variables. Generally, season-specific health management strategies are essential to reduce parasite-related losses and improve the sustainability of tilapia aquaculture. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Aquaculture health; Centrocestus formosanus; Cichlidogyrus tilapiae; Cytokine expression; Nile tilapia; Oxidative stress; Water quality |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Antioxidants) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260717 Date Completed: 20260815 Latest Revision: 20260815 |
| Update Code: | 20260816 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.dci.2026.105690 |
| PMID: | 42468659 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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