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Feasibility of combined minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation, cisterna chyli ablation, and subphrenic pericardiectomy in canine chylothorax.

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Title: Feasibility of combined minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation, cisterna chyli ablation, and subphrenic pericardiectomy in canine chylothorax.
Authors: Keulen JNP; Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands., van Nimwegen SA; Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Source: Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire [Can J Vet Res] 2026 Jul 01; Vol. 90 (3), pp. 96-104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 01 (Print Publication: 2026).
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Canadian Veterinary Medical Association Country of Publication: Canada NLM ID: 8607793 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1928-9022 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08309000 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Can J Vet Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Ottawa, Ont. : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1986-
MeSH Terms: Chylothorax*/veterinary , Chylothorax*/surgery , Thoracic Duct*/surgery , Dog Diseases*/surgery , Pericardiectomy*/veterinary , Pericardiectomy*/methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures*/veterinary , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures*/methods, Ligation/veterinary ; Ligation/methods ; Animals ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies
Abstract: The objective of this study, which is part of a retrospective case series, was to report on single-session, minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation (TDL), cisterna chyli ablation (CCA), and partial pericardiectomy (PPE) for dogs with chylothorax. A total of 9 client-owned dogs with chylothorax participated in the study. A right-sided or bilateral thoracoscopic and left-flank laparoscopic approach was carried out in sternal recumbency for TDL and CCA, respectively. Subsequent partial pericardiectomy was done thoracoscopically via a paraxiphoidal approach. Combined (TDL, CCA, and PPE), minimally invasive treatment was successful in all cases. Intraoperative complications mostly occurred during the PPE phase and all were managed without long-term sequalae. Seven of 9 cases had resolution of chylothorax after the surgical procedures. Two dogs had persistent chylothorax and were euthanized. A dog with concomitant atrial fibrillation was euthanized 140 d post-operatively because of severe abdominal effusion. During short-term follow-up, 2/6 cases received limited additional drainage events for non-chylous effusion. Long-term follow-up revealed late recurrence of chylothorax in 1 dog. Median survival time was 183 d (range: 3 to 2051 d) post-operatively. Minimally invasive treatment using TDL, PPE, and CCA was feasible by a single-session, combined procedure, seemingly without significant treatment-related complications. Several cases had excellent long-term outcomes. Minimally invasive, combined TDL, CCA, and PPE is feasible as treatment of chylothorax, with excellent long-term outcomes possible. However, larger clinical cohorts must be studied to assess additional benefits of the combined treatment and the clinical effect of CCA.
(Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.)
Contributed Indexing: Local Abstract: [Publisher, French] L’objectif de cette étude, qui s’inscrit dans une série de cas rétrospective, était de décrire la ligature du canal thoracique (LCT), l’ablation de la citerne du chyle (ACC) et la péricardiectomie partielle (PP) réalisées en une seule séance, de manière minimalement invasive, chez des chiens atteints de chylothorax. Neuf chiens de propriétaires privés, atteints de chylothorax, ont participé à l’étude. La LCT a été réalisée par voie thoracoscopique droite ou bilatérale, tandis que l’ACC a été réalisée par voie laparoscopique du flanc gauche, le chien étant en décubitus sternal. La PP a ensuite été effectuée par thoracoscopie via une approche paraxiphoïdienne. Le traitement combiné (LCT, ACC et PP), minimalement invasif, a été efficace dans tous les cas. Les complications peropératoires sont survenues principalement lors de la PP et ont toutes été prises en charge sans séquelles à long terme. Sept des 9 chiens ont présenté une résolution du chylothorax après les interventions chirurgicales. Deux chiens présentaient un chylothorax persistant et ont été euthanasiés. Un chien présentant une fibrillation auriculaire concomitante a été euthanasié 140 j après l’intervention chirurgicale en raison d’un épanchement abdominal important. Lors du suivi à court terme, 2 des 6 chiens ont bénéficié de drainages complémentaires limités pour un épanchement non chyleux. Le suivi à long terme a révélé une récidive tardive de chylothorax chez 1 chien. La durée médiane de survie était de 183 j (intervalle : 3 à 2051 j) après l’intervention. Le traitement minimalement invasif par LCT, PP et ACC s’est avéré réalisable en une seule séance, sans complications majeures apparentes. Plusieurs chiens ont présenté d’excellents résultats à long terme. Le traitement minimalement invasif combiné par LCT, ACC et PP est une option envisageable pour le traitement du chylothorax, avec d’excellents résultats à long terme possibles. Cependant, des études sur de plus larges cohortes cliniques sont nécessaires pour évaluer les bénéfices supplémentaires de ce traitement combiné et l’effet clinique du ACC.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260716 Date Completed: 20260716 Latest Revision: 20260716
Update Code: 20260717
PubMed Central ID: PMC13370174
PMID: 42460133
Database: MEDLINE
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  Data: Feasibility of combined minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation, cisterna chyli ablation, and subphrenic pericardiectomy in canine chylothorax.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Keulen+JNP%22">Keulen JNP</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Nimwegen+SA%22">van Nimwegen SA</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, 3584 CM Utrecht, P.O. Box 80154, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%228607793%22">Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire</searchLink> [Can J Vet Res] 2026 Jul 01; Vol. 90 (3), pp. 96-104. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jul 01 (<i>Print Publication: </i>2026).
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Canadian+Veterinary+Medical+Association%22">Canadian Veterinary Medical Association </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Canada <i>NLM ID: </i>8607793 <i>Publication Model: </i>eCollection <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1928-9022 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2208309000%22">08309000 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Can J Vet Res <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Ottawa, Ont. : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, c1986-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Chylothorax%22">Chylothorax*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Chylothorax+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Chylothorax%22">Chylothorax*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Chylothorax+surgery%22">surgery</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Thoracic+Duct%22">Thoracic Duct*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Thoracic+Duct+surgery%22">surgery</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Dog+Diseases%22">Dog Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Dog+Diseases+surgery%22">surgery</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pericardiectomy%22">Pericardiectomy*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pericardiectomy+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pericardiectomy%22">Pericardiectomy*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Pericardiectomy+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Minimally+Invasive+Surgical+Procedures%22">Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Minimally+Invasive+Surgical+Procedures+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Minimally+Invasive+Surgical+Procedures%22">Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Minimally+Invasive+Surgical+Procedures+methods%22">methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Ligation%22">Ligation</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Ligation+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Ligation%22">Ligation</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Ligation+methods%22">methods</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Dogs%22">Dogs</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Female%22">Female</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Male%22">Male</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Retrospective+Studies%22">Retrospective Studies</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The objective of this study, which is part of a retrospective case series, was to report on single-session, minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation (TDL), cisterna chyli ablation (CCA), and partial pericardiectomy (PPE) for dogs with chylothorax. A total of 9 client-owned dogs with chylothorax participated in the study. A right-sided or bilateral thoracoscopic and left-flank laparoscopic approach was carried out in sternal recumbency for TDL and CCA, respectively. Subsequent partial pericardiectomy was done thoracoscopically via a paraxiphoidal approach. Combined (TDL, CCA, and PPE), minimally invasive treatment was successful in all cases. Intraoperative complications mostly occurred during the PPE phase and all were managed without long-term sequalae. Seven of 9 cases had resolution of chylothorax after the surgical procedures. Two dogs had persistent chylothorax and were euthanized. A dog with concomitant atrial fibrillation was euthanized 140 d post-operatively because of severe abdominal effusion. During short-term follow-up, 2/6 cases received limited additional drainage events for non-chylous effusion. Long-term follow-up revealed late recurrence of chylothorax in 1 dog. Median survival time was 183 d (range: 3 to 2051 d) post-operatively. Minimally invasive treatment using TDL, PPE, and CCA was feasible by a single-session, combined procedure, seemingly without significant treatment-related complications. Several cases had excellent long-term outcomes. Minimally invasive, combined TDL, CCA, and PPE is feasible as treatment of chylothorax, with excellent long-term outcomes possible. However, larger clinical cohorts must be studied to assess additional benefits of the combined treatment and the clinical effect of CCA.<br /> (Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association.)
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  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: <i>Local Abstract: </i>[Publisher, French] L’objectif de cette étude, qui s’inscrit dans une série de cas rétrospective, était de décrire la ligature du canal thoracique (LCT), l’ablation de la citerne du chyle (ACC) et la péricardiectomie partielle (PP) réalisées en une seule séance, de manière minimalement invasive, chez des chiens atteints de chylothorax. Neuf chiens de propriétaires privés, atteints de chylothorax, ont participé à l’étude. La LCT a été réalisée par voie thoracoscopique droite ou bilatérale, tandis que l’ACC a été réalisée par voie laparoscopique du flanc gauche, le chien étant en décubitus sternal. La PP a ensuite été effectuée par thoracoscopie via une approche paraxiphoïdienne. Le traitement combiné (LCT, ACC et PP), minimalement invasif, a été efficace dans tous les cas. Les complications peropératoires sont survenues principalement lors de la PP et ont toutes été prises en charge sans séquelles à long terme. Sept des 9 chiens ont présenté une résolution du chylothorax après les interventions chirurgicales. Deux chiens présentaient un chylothorax persistant et ont été euthanasiés. Un chien présentant une fibrillation auriculaire concomitante a été euthanasié 140 j après l’intervention chirurgicale en raison d’un épanchement abdominal important. Lors du suivi à court terme, 2 des 6 chiens ont bénéficié de drainages complémentaires limités pour un épanchement non chyleux. Le suivi à long terme a révélé une récidive tardive de chylothorax chez 1 chien. La durée médiane de survie était de 183 j (intervalle : 3 à 2051 j) après l’intervention. Le traitement minimalement invasif par LCT, PP et ACC s’est avéré réalisable en une seule séance, sans complications majeures apparentes. Plusieurs chiens ont présenté d’excellents résultats à long terme. Le traitement minimalement invasif combiné par LCT, ACC et PP est une option envisageable pour le traitement du chylothorax, avec d’excellents résultats à long terme possibles. Cependant, des études sur de plus larges cohortes cliniques sont nécessaires pour évaluer les bénéfices supplémentaires de ce traitement combiné et l’effet clinique du ACC.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 96
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ligation veterinary
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ligation methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dogs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Male
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Retrospective Studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chylothorax veterinary
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chylothorax surgery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thoracic Duct surgery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dog Diseases surgery
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pericardiectomy veterinary
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pericardiectomy methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures veterinary
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures methods
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Feasibility of combined minimally invasive thoracic duct ligation, cisterna chyli ablation, and subphrenic pericardiectomy in canine chylothorax.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Keulen JNP
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            NameFull: van Nimwegen SA
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: 2026 Jul 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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