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AFM visualization of immobilized horseradish peroxidase during its catalytic cycle.

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Τίτλος: AFM visualization of immobilized horseradish peroxidase during its catalytic cycle.
Συγγραφείς: Ivanova IA; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia., Ershova MO; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia., Kolesnichenko AV; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia., Archakov AI; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia., Pleshakova TO; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
Πηγή: Biomeditsinskaia khimiia [Biomed Khim] 2026 Jul; Vol. 72 (3), pp. 188-197.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ medit︠s︡inskikh nauk Country of Publication: Russia (Federation) NLM ID: 101196966 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2310-6972 (Print) Linking ISSN: 23106905 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomed Khim Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Moskva : Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ medit︠s︡inskikh nauk, 2003-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Enzymes, Immobilized*/chemistry, Horseradish Peroxidase/chemistry ; Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Biocatalysis
Περίληψη: Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the heights of individual horseradish peroxidase (HRP) molecules were determined at different stages of the catalytic cycle of this enzyme (I-IV). The HRP heights were determined in two buffer systems: Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBSD) (pH 7.2) and citrate-phosphate buffer (CPB) (pH 5.0). Spectrophotometric analysis showed that the enzyme was more active in CPB. AFM data processing under these conditions revealed a tendency toward a decrease in the HRP molecule height after addition of the ABTS substrate (stage (II)). After the addition of H2O2 (stage (III)), an increase in the height was observed followed by a further decrease after the addition of the NaN3 inhibitor (stage (IV)). No such trend was observed in PBSD. The increase in the molecular height at stage (III) (in the presence of all enzyme system components) was interpreted as an evidence of the HRP activity. The proportion of molecules with the increased height at stage (III) reached 50.5% in CPB and did not exceed 14.8% in PBSD. These data support the existence of "active" and "non-active" HRP molecules in the studied sample, thus confirming the need to move from traditional biochemical "enzyme activity" to identifying "active" and "non-active" enzyme molecules using a fundamentally new approach of analysis of the properties of individual molecules.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: atomic force microscopy; enzyme activity; horseradish peroxidase; single-molecule enzymology
Substance Nomenclature: EC 1.11.1.- (Horseradish Peroxidase)
BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
0 (Enzymes, Immobilized)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260714 Date Completed: 20260714 Latest Revision: 20260714
Update Code: 20260715
DOI: 10.18097/PBMCR1698
PMID: 42446254
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: AFM visualization of immobilized horseradish peroxidase during its catalytic cycle.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ivanova+IA%22">Ivanova IA</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ershova+MO%22">Ershova MO</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kolesnichenko+AV%22">Kolesnichenko AV</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Archakov+AI%22">Archakov AI</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pleshakova+TO%22">Pleshakova TO</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101196966%22">Biomeditsinskaia khimiia</searchLink> [Biomed Khim] 2026 Jul; Vol. 72 (3), pp. 188-197.
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Moskva : Rossiĭskai︠a︡ akademii︠a︡ medit︠s︡inskikh nauk, 2003-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enzymes%2C+Immobilized%22">Enzymes, Immobilized*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enzymes%2C+Immobilized+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Horseradish+Peroxidase%22">Horseradish Peroxidase</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Horseradish+Peroxidase+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Hydrogen+Peroxide%22">Hydrogen Peroxide</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Hydrogen+Peroxide+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Microscopy%2C+Atomic+Force%22">Microscopy, Atomic Force</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biocatalysis%22">Biocatalysis</searchLink>
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  Data: Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the heights of individual horseradish peroxidase (HRP) molecules were determined at different stages of the catalytic cycle of this enzyme (I-IV). The HRP heights were determined in two buffer systems: Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBSD) (pH 7.2) and citrate-phosphate buffer (CPB) (pH 5.0). Spectrophotometric analysis showed that the enzyme was more active in CPB. AFM data processing under these conditions revealed a tendency toward a decrease in the HRP molecule height after addition of the ABTS substrate (stage (II)). After the addition of H2O2 (stage (III)), an increase in the height was observed followed by a further decrease after the addition of the NaN3 inhibitor (stage (IV)). No such trend was observed in PBSD. The increase in the molecular height at stage (III) (in the presence of all enzyme system components) was interpreted as an evidence of the HRP activity. The proportion of molecules with the increased height at stage (III) reached 50.5% in CPB and did not exceed 14.8% in PBSD. These data support the existence of "active" and "non-active" HRP molecules in the studied sample, thus confirming the need to move from traditional biochemical "enzyme activity" to identifying "active" and "non-active" enzyme molecules using a fundamentally new approach of analysis of the properties of individual molecules.
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>atomic force microscopy; enzyme activity; horseradish peroxidase; single-molecule enzymology
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  Data: EC 1.11.1.- (Horseradish Peroxidase)<br />BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)<br />0 (Enzymes, Immobilized)
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260714 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260714 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260714
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  Data: 10.18097/PBMCR1698
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  Data: 42446254
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 188
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      – SubjectFull: Horseradish Peroxidase chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrogen Peroxide chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microscopy, Atomic Force
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              Text: 2026 Jul
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