Academic Journal
Concurrent effects of EMG-triggered NMES and anodal tDCS on cortical and behavioural outcome measures: The role of ipsilateral versus contralateral anodal stimulation.
| Τίτλος: | Concurrent effects of EMG-triggered NMES and anodal tDCS on cortical and behavioural outcome measures: The role of ipsilateral versus contralateral anodal stimulation. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Alanazi H; Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Hamed.Alanazi@monash.edu., Morgan P; Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia., Jaberzadeh S; Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. |
| Πηγή: | Brain research [Brain Res] 2026 Oct 15; Vol. 1889, pp. 150464. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 10. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0045503 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-6240 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00068993 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Brain Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/methods , Motor Cortex*/physiology, Electromyography/methods ; Evoked Potentials, Motor/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Electric Stimulation/methods ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/methods ; Functional Laterality/physiology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Cross-Over Studies |
| Περίληψη: | Purpose: Neuromodulatory interventions are increasingly used to enhance neuroplasticity and motor performance. Electromyography-triggered neuromuscular electrical stimulation (EMG-triggered NMES) and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) target peripheral and cortical components of the motor system; however, the effects of their concurrent application remain unclear. This study examined whether concurrent EMG-triggered NMES and a-tDCS applied over the ipsilateral or contralateral primary motor cortex differentially modulate corticospinal excitability (CSE) and motor performance. Methods: Twenty healthy adults participated in a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover study with three sessions: (1) EMG-triggered NMES + contralateral a-tDCS, (2) EMG-triggered NMES + ipsilateral a-tDCS, and (3) EMG-triggered NMES + sham a-tDCS. Primary outcomes were CSE, and secondary outcomes included short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC Results: CSE increased significantly following EMG-triggered NMES + contralateral a-tDCS (p < 0.001and sham a-tDCS (p < 0.001), but not after ipsilateral a-tDCS (P = 0.806). EMG-triggered NMES + contralateral a-tDCS increased ICF (P = 0.038) and reduced SICI (P = 0.029) and LICI (P = 0.05). Conversely, MVC (P = 0.021) and CRTT (P = 0.035) increased following EMG-triggered NMES + ipsilateral a-tDCS, with MVC differing significantly from the other conditions (P = 0.001). Conclusion: EMG-triggered NMES combined with contralateral stimulation enhances CSE, whereas ipsilateral stimulation improves behavioural outcomes without altering contralateral CSE. These findings indicate a dissociation between changes in CSE and behavioural performance, suggesting that behavioural improvements may reflect neural processes not captured by the measures used in this study. (Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation; Cortical excitability; EMG-triggered NMES; Intracortical inhibition and facilitation; Motor performance |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260710 Date Completed: 20260808 Latest Revision: 20260811 |
| Update Code: | 20260812 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.brainres.2026.150464 |
| PMID: | 42431572 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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