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Temperature and voltage dependence of electrostatic collection efficiency for radon and thoron progeny in hemispherical chambers.

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Τίτλος: Temperature and voltage dependence of electrostatic collection efficiency for radon and thoron progeny in hemispherical chambers.
Συγγραφείς: Javed M; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy. Electronic address: misbah.javed@unicampania.it., Iqbal T; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy., Imparato C; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy., Ambrosino F; Department of Physics 'Ettore Pancini', University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Sabbarese C; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy.
Πηγή: Journal of environmental radioactivity [J Environ Radioact] 2026 Aug; Vol. 298, pp. 108107. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 09.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8508119 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1700 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0265931X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Environ Radioact Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Barking, Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Radon*/analysis , Radiation Monitoring*/methods , Radiation Monitoring*/instrumentation , Air Pollutants, Radioactive*/analysis , Radon Daughters*/analysis, Temperature ; Static Electricity
Περίληψη: Although electrostatic collection systems based on alpha spectrometry are widely used for radon monitoring, their response to environmental conditions and applicability to thoron progeny measurements are not well understood. In particular, the combined influence of electric field strength, chamber configuration, and temperature on collection efficiency requires further investigation through experimentation. This study experimentally evaluated electrostatic collection efficiency using a reference chamber and a larger hemispherical chamber operated under controlled radon and thoron atmospheres. Measurements were performed as a function of applied high voltage and temperature, considering configurations with and without a diffusion barrier. Collection efficiency increased with applied voltage for both radon (218Po) and thoron (216Po) progeny, confirming the key role of electric field strength in promoting ion transport towards the detector. Temperature-dependent measurements revealed configuration-dependent and nonlinear behavior. For 216Po, opposite trends were observed depending on the presence of the diffusion barrier, whereas for 218Po, a reproducible U-shaped dependence was observed, with a minimum at intermediate temperatures. This behavior can be explained by competing processes affecting ion transport and charge survival, including ion drift, neutralization, and decay losses. A simplified thermodynamic framework was used to qualitatively relate temperature variations to possible changes in relative humidity. However, the absence of direct humidity measurements limited the possibility of a quantitative interpretation. These results provide experimental insight into how operating conditions and chamber design coupled together affect electrostatic collection efficiency. This highlights the need for environment-specific calibration strategies in radon and thoron monitoring applications.
(Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Alpha spectrometry; Collection efficiency; Electrostatic collection; Ion transport; Radon; Temperature dependence; Thoron
Substance Nomenclature: Q74S4N8N1G (Radon)
0 (Air Pollutants, Radioactive)
0 (Radon Daughters)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260709 Date Completed: 20260806 Latest Revision: 20260806
Update Code: 20260807
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2026.108107
PMID: 42424831
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Temperature and voltage dependence of electrostatic collection efficiency for radon and thoron progeny in hemispherical chambers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Javed+M%22">Javed M</searchLink>; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy. Electronic address: misbah.javed@unicampania.it.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Iqbal+T%22">Iqbal T</searchLink>; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Imparato+C%22">Imparato C</searchLink>; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ambrosino+F%22">Ambrosino F</searchLink>; Department of Physics 'Ettore Pancini', University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sabbarese+C%22">Sabbarese C</searchLink>; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli', Caserta, Italy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%228508119%22">Journal of environmental radioactivity</searchLink> [J Environ Radioact] 2026 Aug; Vol. 298, pp. 108107. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jul 09.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier+Applied+Science+Publishers%22">Elsevier Applied Science Publishers </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>8508119 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1879-1700 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%220265931X%22">0265931X </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>J Environ Radioact <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Barking, Essex : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radon%22">Radon*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radon+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiation+Monitoring%22">Radiation Monitoring*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiation+Monitoring+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiation+Monitoring%22">Radiation Monitoring*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiation+Monitoring+instrumentation%22">instrumentation</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Air+Pollutants%2C+Radioactive%22">Air Pollutants, Radioactive*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Air+Pollutants%2C+Radioactive+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radon+Daughters%22">Radon Daughters*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radon+Daughters+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Temperature%22">Temperature</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Static+Electricity%22">Static Electricity</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Although electrostatic collection systems based on alpha spectrometry are widely used for radon monitoring, their response to environmental conditions and applicability to thoron progeny measurements are not well understood. In particular, the combined influence of electric field strength, chamber configuration, and temperature on collection efficiency requires further investigation through experimentation. This study experimentally evaluated electrostatic collection efficiency using a reference chamber and a larger hemispherical chamber operated under controlled radon and thoron atmospheres. Measurements were performed as a function of applied high voltage and temperature, considering configurations with and without a diffusion barrier. Collection efficiency increased with applied voltage for both radon (<superscript>218</superscript>Po) and thoron (<superscript>216</superscript>Po) progeny, confirming the key role of electric field strength in promoting ion transport towards the detector. Temperature-dependent measurements revealed configuration-dependent and nonlinear behavior. For <superscript>216</superscript>Po, opposite trends were observed depending on the presence of the diffusion barrier, whereas for <superscript>218</superscript>Po, a reproducible U-shaped dependence was observed, with a minimum at intermediate temperatures. This behavior can be explained by competing processes affecting ion transport and charge survival, including ion drift, neutralization, and decay losses. A simplified thermodynamic framework was used to qualitatively relate temperature variations to possible changes in relative humidity. However, the absence of direct humidity measurements limited the possibility of a quantitative interpretation. These results provide experimental insight into how operating conditions and chamber design coupled together affect electrostatic collection efficiency. This highlights the need for environment-specific calibration strategies in radon and thoron monitoring applications.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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  Label: Competing Interests
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  Data: Declaration of competing interest This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Alpha spectrometry; Collection efficiency; Electrostatic collection; Ion transport; Radon; Temperature dependence; Thoron
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  Label: Substance Nomenclature
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  Data: Q74S4N8N1G (Radon)<br />0 (Air Pollutants, Radioactive)<br />0 (Radon Daughters)
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260709 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260806 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260806
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  Data: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2026.108107
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        Value: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2026.108107
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: 108107
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Static Electricity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radon analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radiation Monitoring methods
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      – SubjectFull: Radiation Monitoring instrumentation
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      – SubjectFull: Air Pollutants, Radioactive analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Radon Daughters analysis
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Temperature and voltage dependence of electrostatic collection efficiency for radon and thoron progeny in hemispherical chambers.
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              Text: 2026 Aug
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