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dsRNA-mediated interference with RcβGRPs significantly reduced the resistance of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) to pathogens.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: dsRNA-mediated interference with RcβGRPs significantly reduced the resistance of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) to pathogens.
Συγγραφείς: Xiong Y; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China., Jiang D; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China., Tang F; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
Πηγή: Pest management science [Pest Manag Sci] 2026 Oct; Vol. 82 (10), pp. 10459-10470. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 07.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Published for SCI by Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100898744 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-4998 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1526498X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pest Manag Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: West Sussex, UK : Published for SCI by Wiley, c2000-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Insect Proteins*/genetics , Insect Proteins*/immunology , Insect Proteins*/metabolism , Isoptera*/immunology , Isoptera*/genetics , Isoptera*/microbiology , Receptors, Pattern Recognition*/genetics , RNA Interference* , RNA, Double-Stranded* , Immunity, Innate*, Beauveria/physiology ; Bacillus thuringiensis/physiology ; Animals ; Innate Immunity Recognition ; Carrier Proteins
Περίληψη: Background: Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) is a highly destructive social insect. In comparison with traditional chemical control, pathogen-based microbial control provides benefits, including environmental friendliness, although its application is frequently constrained by the robust immune system of termites. β-1,3-glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs), a key class of pattern recognition receptors, play a central role in initiating insect immune responses. Therefore, we investigated the functions of RcβGRPs in R. chinensis against infection by three pathogenic microbes, aiming to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which RcβGRPs mediate the immune defense of this termite against pathogen invasion.
Results: This study investigated the functions of RcβGRP1 and RcβGRP2 in R. chinensis regarding defense against infections caused by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Serratia marcescens (SM1), and Beauveria bassiana (Bb). The results showed that pathogenic infections induced upregulation of RcβGRP1 and RcβGRP2. Following interference with these two genes, the expression of multiple immune genes downstream of the Toll pathway was variably altered. Additionally, interference with RcβGRPs resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of mutual allogrooming behavior among termites. Furthermore, as RcβGRPs were interfered with, the resistance of R. chinensis to pathogens significantly decreased.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the functions of RcβGRPs may extend beyond immune signaling at the individual level and also serve as a crucial link between individual physiological immunity and collective behavioral immunity. This study demonstrates potential roles of RcβGRPs in regulating individual and group immunity in R. chinensis and provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing termite biocontrol efficacy by targeting immune genes. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.)
References: Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Jun;33(6):579-94. (PMID: 12770576)
Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:697-743. (PMID: 17201680)
Genome Biol. 2012 Jun 29;13(9):R81. (PMID: 23021491)
Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):758. (PMID: 19423819)
J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 26;279(13):12848-53. (PMID: 14722090)
Proc Biol Sci. 2013 Sep 18;280(1770):20131885. (PMID: 24048157)
J Insect Physiol. 2020 Aug - Sep;125:104085. (PMID: 32634432)
Cell Microbiol. 2003 Jan;5(1):3-14. (PMID: 12542466)
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2000 Jun;44(2):49-68. (PMID: 10861866)
Cell. 2006 Dec 29;127(7):1425-37. (PMID: 17190605)
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2019 Jun;33:99-104. (PMID: 31358203)
Science. 2018 Nov 23;362(6417):941-945. (PMID: 30467168)
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 May;68(5):749-56. (PMID: 22076820)
Curr Biol. 2019 Jun 3;29(11):R458-R463. (PMID: 31163158)
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Mar;35(3):241-8. (PMID: 15705503)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 14;106(28):11679-84. (PMID: 19561300)
Annu Rev Entomol. 2009;54:405-23. (PMID: 18793100)
Annu Rev Entomol. 2018 Jan 7;63:105-123. (PMID: 28945976)
J Insect Sci. 2019 Jan 1;19(1):. (PMID: 30649425)
PLoS One. 2017 Apr 14;12(4):e0175417. (PMID: 28410430)
Cell Rep. 2019 Apr 23;27(4):1050-1061.e3. (PMID: 31018123)
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2024 Sep;204:106004. (PMID: 39277353)
J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 20;275(42):32721-7. (PMID: 10827089)
Science. 2003 Dec 19;302(5653):2126-30. (PMID: 14684822)
Naturwissenschaften. 2023 Dec 27;111(1):1. (PMID: 38150102)
BMC Genomics. 2015 Apr 18;16:321. (PMID: 26001831)
Dev Comp Immunol. 2012 Feb;36(2):372-7. (PMID: 21824492)
J Insect Physiol. 2011 Sep;57(9):1259-66. (PMID: 21708164)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 4;106(31):12652-7. (PMID: 19506247)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 21;103(12):4499-504. (PMID: 16537425)
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 16;8(7):e69543. (PMID: 23874972)
Dev Comp Immunol. 2012 Mar;36(3):602-9. (PMID: 22062247)
Grant Information: 20KJA220003 The Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China; Priority Academic Program Development Fund of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder; group immunity; individual immunity; pathogen; β‐1,3‐glucan recognition protein
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Insect Proteins)
0 (RNA, Double-Stranded)
0 (beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein, insect)
0 (Receptors, Pattern Recognition)
0 (Carrier Proteins)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260708 Date Completed: 20260911 Latest Revision: 20260913
Update Code: 20260913
PubMed Central ID: PMC13569107
DOI: 10.1002/ps.71081
PMID: 42415550
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: dsRNA-mediated interference with RcβGRPs significantly reduced the resistance of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) to pathogens.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xiong+Y%22">Xiong Y</searchLink>; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jiang+D%22">Jiang D</searchLink>; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tang+F%22">Tang F</searchLink>; Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.; College of Forestry and Grassland, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22100898744%22">Pest management science</searchLink> [Pest Manag Sci] 2026 Oct; Vol. 82 (10), pp. 10459-10470. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jul 07.
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: West Sussex, UK : Published for SCI by Wiley, c2000-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins%22">Insect Proteins*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins%22">Insect Proteins*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins%22">Insect Proteins*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Proteins+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera%22">Isoptera*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera%22">Isoptera*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera%22">Isoptera*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Isoptera+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Pattern+Recognition%22">Receptors, Pattern Recognition*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Pattern+Recognition+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22RNA+Interference%22">RNA Interference*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22RNA%2C+Double-Stranded%22">RNA, Double-Stranded*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Immunity%2C+Innate%22">Immunity, Innate*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Beauveria%22">Beauveria</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Beauveria+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacillus+thuringiensis%22">Bacillus thuringiensis</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacillus+thuringiensis+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Innate+Immunity+Recognition%22">Innate Immunity Recognition</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Carrier+Proteins%22">Carrier Proteins</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background: Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) is a highly destructive social insect. In comparison with traditional chemical control, pathogen-based microbial control provides benefits, including environmental friendliness, although its application is frequently constrained by the robust immune system of termites. β-1,3-glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs), a key class of pattern recognition receptors, play a central role in initiating insect immune responses. Therefore, we investigated the functions of RcβGRPs in R. chinensis against infection by three pathogenic microbes, aiming to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which RcβGRPs mediate the immune defense of this termite against pathogen invasion.<br />Results: This study investigated the functions of RcβGRP1 and RcβGRP2 in R. chinensis regarding defense against infections caused by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Serratia marcescens (SM1), and Beauveria bassiana (Bb). The results showed that pathogenic infections induced upregulation of RcβGRP1 and RcβGRP2. Following interference with these two genes, the expression of multiple immune genes downstream of the Toll pathway was variably altered. Additionally, interference with RcβGRPs resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of mutual allogrooming behavior among termites. Furthermore, as RcβGRPs were interfered with, the resistance of R. chinensis to pathogens significantly decreased.<br />Conclusion: These findings suggest that the functions of RcβGRPs may extend beyond immune signaling at the individual level and also serve as a crucial link between individual physiological immunity and collective behavioral immunity. This study demonstrates potential roles of RcβGRPs in regulating individual and group immunity in R. chinensis and provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing termite biocontrol efficacy by targeting immune genes. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.<br /> (© 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Jun;33(6):579-94. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212770576%22">12770576)</searchLink><br />Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:697-743. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217201680%22">17201680)</searchLink><br />Genome Biol. 2012 Jun 29;13(9):R81. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223021491%22">23021491)</searchLink><br />Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):758. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219423819%22">19423819)</searchLink><br />J Biol Chem. 2004 Mar 26;279(13):12848-53. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214722090%22">14722090)</searchLink><br />Proc Biol Sci. 2013 Sep 18;280(1770):20131885. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224048157%22">24048157)</searchLink><br />J Insect Physiol. 2020 Aug - Sep;125:104085. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232634432%22">32634432)</searchLink><br />Cell Microbiol. 2003 Jan;5(1):3-14. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212542466%22">12542466)</searchLink><br />Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2000 Jun;44(2):49-68. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210861866%22">10861866)</searchLink><br />Cell. 2006 Dec 29;127(7):1425-37. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217190605%22">17190605)</searchLink><br />Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2019 Jun;33:99-104. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231358203%22">31358203)</searchLink><br />Science. 2018 Nov 23;362(6417):941-945. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230467168%22">30467168)</searchLink><br />Pest Manag Sci. 2012 May;68(5):749-56. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222076820%22">22076820)</searchLink><br />Curr Biol. 2019 Jun 3;29(11):R458-R463. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231163158%22">31163158)</searchLink><br />Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Mar;35(3):241-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215705503%22">15705503)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 14;106(28):11679-84. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219561300%22">19561300)</searchLink><br />Annu Rev Entomol. 2009;54:405-23. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218793100%22">18793100)</searchLink><br />Annu Rev Entomol. 2018 Jan 7;63:105-123. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228945976%22">28945976)</searchLink><br />J Insect Sci. 2019 Jan 1;19(1):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230649425%22">30649425)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2017 Apr 14;12(4):e0175417. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228410430%22">28410430)</searchLink><br />Cell Rep. 2019 Apr 23;27(4):1050-1061.e3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231018123%22">31018123)</searchLink><br />Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2024 Sep;204:106004. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239277353%22">39277353)</searchLink><br />J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 20;275(42):32721-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210827089%22">10827089)</searchLink><br />Science. 2003 Dec 19;302(5653):2126-30. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214684822%22">14684822)</searchLink><br />Naturwissenschaften. 2023 Dec 27;111(1):1. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238150102%22">38150102)</searchLink><br />BMC Genomics. 2015 Apr 18;16:321. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226001831%22">26001831)</searchLink><br />Dev Comp Immunol. 2012 Feb;36(2):372-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221824492%22">21824492)</searchLink><br />J Insect Physiol. 2011 Sep;57(9):1259-66. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221708164%22">21708164)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 4;106(31):12652-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219506247%22">19506247)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Mar 21;103(12):4499-504. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216537425%22">16537425)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2013 Jul 16;8(7):e69543. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223874972%22">23874972)</searchLink><br />Dev Comp Immunol. 2012 Mar;36(3):602-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222062247%22">22062247)</searchLink>
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      – SubjectFull: Beauveria physiology
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      – TitleFull: dsRNA-mediated interference with RcβGRPs significantly reduced the resistance of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder (Blattodea: Termitidae) to pathogens.
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