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Hybrid dissociation modes in a portable ion trap mass spectrometer for enhanced specificity in complex mixture analysis.

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Τίτλος: Hybrid dissociation modes in a portable ion trap mass spectrometer for enhanced specificity in complex mixture analysis.
Συγγραφείς: Zhan J; The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China., Chen; The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; China Innovation Instrument Co. Ltd., Ningbo, 315100, China. Electronic address: chenla@nbu.edu.cn., Li G; The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; China Innovation Instrument Co. Ltd., Ningbo, 315100, China., Wen L; The Research Institute of Advanced Technologies, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; China Innovation Instrument Co. Ltd., Ningbo, 315100, China; Hua Yue Enterprise Holdings Ltd., Guangzhou, 511400, China. Electronic address: wenluhong@nbu.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Analytica chimica acta [Anal Chim Acta] 2026 Sep 22; Vol. 1416, pp. 345758. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 28.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0370534 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4324 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00032670 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anal Chim Acta Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: Amsterdam.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Tandem Mass Spectrometry*/instrumentation , Tandem Mass Spectrometry*/methods , Complex Mixtures*/analysis, Hair/chemistry
Περίληψη: Direct ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) consistently faces challenges from matrix interference, necessitating highly specific analytical strategies to ensure reliable compound identification. However, the performance of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in conventional ITMS systems, which primarily rely on collision-induced dissociation (CID) for ion activation-is often constrained by the low-mass cutoff (LMCO) effect and suboptimal fragmentation efficiency. To address these limitations, we developed a portable ITMS platform that integrates both beam-type collision-induced dissociation (bCID) and CID technologies. In this platform, a flared ion guide serves dual roles as an ion transfer device and a collision cell for bCID. Compared with a parallel square-rod ion guide, the flared design-without compromising instrument portability shortens the dissociation time from 40 to 20 ms and increases the total dissociation efficiency by approximately 10%. Experimental results demonstrated that the bCID activation method effectively alleviates the LMCO restriction, while simultaneously improving fragmentation efficiency and analytical throughput, particularly for low-mass fragments. Furthermore, bCID provides greater flexibility in modulating fragment ion abundance through dissociation voltage adjustment and exhibits a distinct advantage in dissociating molecules containing strong chemical bonds. In the analysis of complex matrices such as hair and serum, bCID enhanced the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for compounds including tramadol, metonitazene and brodifacoum compared to CID. This enhancement was achieved by strengthening low-mass fragment ion intensities while reducing background noise through the breakdown of matrix-derived interference ions into non-specific fragments. Additionally, the complementary use of CID and bCID offered superior specificity for detecting designer drugs (e.g., etomidate and propoxate) in urine and food additives (e.g., saccharin sodium and benzoic acid) in ham, by generating a sufficient set of diagnostic ions with high abundance and S/N ratios. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating the hybrid dissociation modes into portable ITMS systems for on-site analysis of complex samples.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Direct ionization; Hybrid dissociation modes; Low-mass cutoff effect; Portable ion trap mass spectrometer; Tandem mass spectrometry
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Complex Mixtures)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260704 Date Completed: 20260704 Latest Revision: 20260707
Update Code: 20260707
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2026.345758
PMID: 42401465
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Direct ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ITMS) consistently faces challenges from matrix interference, necessitating highly specific analytical strategies to ensure reliable compound identification. However, the performance of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) in conventional ITMS systems, which primarily rely on collision-induced dissociation (CID) for ion activation-is often constrained by the low-mass cutoff (LMCO) effect and suboptimal fragmentation efficiency. To address these limitations, we developed a portable ITMS platform that integrates both beam-type collision-induced dissociation (bCID) and CID technologies. In this platform, a flared ion guide serves dual roles as an ion transfer device and a collision cell for bCID. Compared with a parallel square-rod ion guide, the flared design-without compromising instrument portability shortens the dissociation time from 40 to 20 ms and increases the total dissociation efficiency by approximately 10%. Experimental results demonstrated that the bCID activation method effectively alleviates the LMCO restriction, while simultaneously improving fragmentation efficiency and analytical throughput, particularly for low-mass fragments. Furthermore, bCID provides greater flexibility in modulating fragment ion abundance through dissociation voltage adjustment and exhibits a distinct advantage in dissociating molecules containing strong chemical bonds. In the analysis of complex matrices such as hair and serum, bCID enhanced the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for compounds including tramadol, metonitazene and brodifacoum compared to CID. This enhancement was achieved by strengthening low-mass fragment ion intensities while reducing background noise through the breakdown of matrix-derived interference ions into non-specific fragments. Additionally, the complementary use of CID and bCID offered superior specificity for detecting designer drugs (e.g., etomidate and propoxate) in urine and food additives (e.g., saccharin sodium and benzoic acid) in ham, by generating a sufficient set of diagnostic ions with high abundance and S/N ratios. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating the hybrid dissociation modes into portable ITMS systems for on-site analysis of complex samples.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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