Academic Journal
Effects of different potassium sulfate to potassium chloride ratios on lettuce growth, nutritional quality, and rhizosphere microbial community.
| Τίτλος: | Effects of different potassium sulfate to potassium chloride ratios on lettuce growth, nutritional quality, and rhizosphere microbial community. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Fu K; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China., Sun Y; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China. sunyucui1228@163.com., Yang D; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China., Li Y; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China., Li H; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China., Jiang W; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China., Ji X; Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd Research Institute, Kunming, 650228, China. |
| Πηγή: | BMC plant biology [BMC Plant Biol] 2026 Jul 04; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jul 04. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100967807 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2229 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712229 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Plant Biol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Lactuca*/growth & development , Lactuca*/microbiology , Lactuca*/drug effects , Sulfates*/metabolism , Sulfates*/pharmacology , Chlorides*/metabolism , Chlorides*/pharmacology , Potassium Compounds*/metabolism , Potassium Compounds*/pharmacology , Microbiota*/drug effects , Rhizosphere* , Soil Microbiology*, Fertilizers/analysis ; Soil/chemistry ; Nutritive Value |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Potassium fertilizers differ in their accompanying anions, which may alter crop performance and rhizosphere processes beyond potassium nutrition alone. This study examined how contrasting sulfate-chloride proportions in potassium supply affect Italian lettuce growth, nutritional quality, soil chemical status, and microbial community organization under equivalent total nutrient input. Results: Potassium source composition produced distinct responses across plant, soil, and microbial traits. A mixed sulfate-chloride supply provided the most balanced improvement in biomass formation, root development, and quality-related metabolism, whereas sulfate-only fertilization favored selected nitrogen-assimilation and protein-related indicators. Shifts in anion supply modified soil sulfur, chloride, salinity, and nitrate-related conditions, thereby creating differentiated edaphic niches. Bacterial and fungal assemblages responded unevenly to these changes: bacterial communities showed stronger treatment-specific turnover and a greater prevalence of transient specialists, while fungal communities contained more persistent and broadly distributed taxa. Multivariate and network analyses further indicated that nutrient availability, salinity-related factors, and selected keystone genera jointly shaped community structure and potential functional stability. Conclusions: The sulfate-chloride balance in potassium fertilization acts as an integrated regulator of lettuce productivity, produce quality, soil nutrient status, and rhizosphere microbial assembly. Optimizing this balance can improve fertilizer management while supporting crop performance and soil ecological functioning. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | 202505AS350008 The Yunnan Provincial High-level Science and Technology Talent and Innovation Team Selection Project - Team Program; Not publicly available This study was funded by Agricultural Science and Technology Major Project; YTHRD202500480 The Scientific Research Project of Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Chloride ion; Lettuce; Microbial community; Potassium fertilizer; Sulfate ion |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Sulfates) 1K573LC5TV (potassium sulfate) 0 (Fertilizers) 0 (Chlorides) 0 (Potassium Compounds) 0 (Soil) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260703 Date Completed: 20260829 Latest Revision: 20260831 |
| Update Code: | 20260831 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13525693 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12870-026-09433-6 |
| PMID: | 42399745 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1471-2229 |
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| DOI: | 10.1186/s12870-026-09433-6 |