Academic Journal
Trends in Pharmacist-Prescribed Dispensing Records of HIV Pre-Exposure (2020-2025) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (2020-2024) in Brazil: A Time Series Analysis.
| Τίτλος: | Trends in Pharmacist-Prescribed Dispensing Records of HIV Pre-Exposure (2020-2025) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (2020-2024) in Brazil: A Time Series Analysis. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Tiguman GMB; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Araújo DCSA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil., Aguiar PM; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. |
| Πηγή: | Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety [Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf] 2026 Jul; Vol. 35 (7), pp. e70422. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9208369 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1099-1557 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10538569 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley, 1992- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | HIV Infections*/prevention & control , Post-Exposure Prophylaxis*/trends , Post-Exposure Prophylaxis*/statistics & numerical data , Post-Exposure Prophylaxis*/methods , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis*/trends , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis*/statistics & numerical data , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis*/methods , Anti-HIV Agents*/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents*/therapeutic use , Pharmacists*/trends , Pharmacists*/statistics & numerical data , Practice Patterns, Pharmacists'*/trends , Practice Patterns, Pharmacists'*/statistics & numerical data, Brazil/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Databases, Factual ; Adult ; Male ; Non-Medical Prescribing |
| Περίληψη: | Purpose: Pharmacist prescribing of HIV pre-exposure (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an emerging strategy to expand access to HIV prevention, but real-world evidence on its implementation remains limited. We assessed national and regional trends in pharmacist-prescribed dispensing records of PrEP (2020-2025) and PEP (2020-2024) in Brazil. Methods: Nationwide time series analysis using databases from the Ministry of Health. The primary outcome was pharmacist-prescribed PrEP and PEP dispensing records per 100 000 adults per year. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate average annual percent change (AAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Pharmacists prescribed 27 126 (2.80%) of 969 536 PrEP records and 13 073 (1.97%) of 664 000 PEP records. The frequency of pharmacist-prescribed records in relation to all prescribers increased (PrEP: 0.22% to 5.77%; PEP: 0.12% to 4.59%). National pharmacist-prescribed PrEP dispensing increased from 0.10 to 6.24 per 100 000 adults (AAPC: 120.80; 95% CI 71.96 to 189.84; p < 0.001), while pharmacist-prescribed PEP dispensing increased from 0.07 to 4.93 per 100 000 adults (AAPC: 166.62; 95% CI 68.66 to 313.26; p < 0.001). The Southeast had the highest absolute rates for both strategies. Significant upward trends were observed in all five regions for PrEP, and in the Southeast, Northeast, and Center-West for PEP. The national PrEP rate stabilized between 2024 and 2025. Conclusions: Pharmacist prescribing of HIV prophylactic medications significantly increased in Brazil since 2020 and may potentially represent an important mechanism to broaden access to HIV prevention. However, regional differences may underscore the need for targeted policy interventions to address geographic implementation gaps. (© 2026 The Author(s). Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Brazil; HIV prevention; pharmacists; post‐exposure prophylaxis; prescriptions; pre‐exposure prophylaxis; time series studies Local Abstract: [plain-language-summary] Allowing pharmacists to prescribe HIV prophylactic medications—known as pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP)—is a strategy to increase access to HIV prevention. In Brazil, pharmacists are authorized to do this within specialized public HIV services, following national clinical protocols. This study examined trends in pharmacist‐prescribed dispensing records of PrEP (2020–2025) and PEP (2020–2024) in Brazil. Using national health databases, we found that pharmacist‐prescribed dispensing records grew rapidly over this period. When looking at their overall share of the healthcare workload, the proportion of pharmacist‐prescribed PrEP dispensing records increased from 0.22% to 5.77%, while their share of pharmacist‐prescribed PEP records grew from 0.12% to 4.59%. The number of these records per 100 000 adults also increased significantly across the country. Pharmacist‐prescribed PrEP dispensing records rose from 0.10 to 6.24 per 100 000 adults, whereas pharmacist‐prescribed PEP records increased from 0.07 to 4.93 per 100 000 adults. The Southeast region of Brazil had the highest dispensing rates. These findings show that pharmacists are playing an increasingly important role in broadening access to HIV prevention in Brazil. However, because the growth is uneven across different parts of the country, targeted health policies are needed to address these regional gaps and ensure equal access. |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Anti-HIV Agents) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260703 Date Completed: 20260703 Latest Revision: 20260726 |
| Update Code: | 20260726 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13330553 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/pds.70422 |
| PMID: | 42397087 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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