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Repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental characteristics during a period of auditory circuit recovery.

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Τίτλος: Repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental characteristics during a period of auditory circuit recovery.
Συγγραφείς: Chokr SM; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: schokr@uci.edu., Jimenez G; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: gisselaj@uci.edu., Hoang J; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: jasonth1@hs.uci.edu., Mai D; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: maidh1@uci.edu., Liang HY; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: yhliang@uci.edu., Cramer KS; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: cramerk@uci.edu.
Πηγή: Hearing research [Hear Res] 2026 Sep; Vol. 479, pp. 109715. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 23.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7900445 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-5891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785955 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hear Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Microglia*/physiology , Microglia*/metabolism , Microglia*/transplantation , Auditory Pathways*/growth & development , Auditory Pathways*/metabolism , Brain Stem*/growth & development, CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/genetics ; CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Animals ; Phagocytosis ; Mice, Transgenic ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Time Factors ; Age Factors ; Neurodevelopment ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cochlear Nucleus ; Trapezoid Body
Περίληψη: Precision in auditory brainstem circuitry is essential for sound localization and higher levels of processing. Assembly of this circuitry requires specialized developmental mechanisms, including multipartite signaling between neurons and glia. Microglia populate the developing auditory brainstem nuclei lateromedially, appearing first in the ventral cochlear nucleus, and later in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Microglia increase in number just after hearing onset, then reduce to stable levels following a period of synaptic refinement. We previously showed that early microglia depletion impaired synaptic pruning and auditory brainstem responses. Microglial repopulation, which occurred significantly later than normal development, restored these deficits. This finding suggests that microglia take on developmental roles to reinstate circuit assembly outside of the normal development timeframe. To begin unravelling this phenomenon, we compared morphology and phagocytosis in developing and repopulating microglia. We used CX3CR1+/EGFP mice and characterized individual microglia throughout the postnatal period in control mice and in mice with repopulating microglia. We tested whether repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental qualities by measuring microglial surface area, volume, branching, and lysosomes. We found that infiltrating microglia acquire developmental properties during synaptic refinement, even beyond the normal auditory development timeframe.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Grant Information: T32 DC010775 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS; UM1 TR004927 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Auditory brainstem; LSO; MNTB; Microglia; Repopulation; Synaptic pruning
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1)
0 (Cx3cr1 protein, mouse)
147336-22-9 (Green Fluorescent Proteins)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260628 Date Completed: 20260729 Latest Revision: 20260807
Update Code: 20260808
DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2026.109715
PMID: 42365748
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental characteristics during a period of auditory circuit recovery.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chokr+SM%22">Chokr SM</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: schokr@uci.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jimenez+G%22">Jimenez G</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: gisselaj@uci.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hoang+J%22">Hoang J</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: jasonth1@hs.uci.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mai+D%22">Mai D</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: maidh1@uci.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liang+HY%22">Liang HY</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: yhliang@uci.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cramer+KS%22">Cramer KS</searchLink>; Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 2205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA 92692-4550, USA. Electronic address: cramerk@uci.edu.
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  Data: Precision in auditory brainstem circuitry is essential for sound localization and higher levels of processing. Assembly of this circuitry requires specialized developmental mechanisms, including multipartite signaling between neurons and glia. Microglia populate the developing auditory brainstem nuclei lateromedially, appearing first in the ventral cochlear nucleus, and later in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Microglia increase in number just after hearing onset, then reduce to stable levels following a period of synaptic refinement. We previously showed that early microglia depletion impaired synaptic pruning and auditory brainstem responses. Microglial repopulation, which occurred significantly later than normal development, restored these deficits. This finding suggests that microglia take on developmental roles to reinstate circuit assembly outside of the normal development timeframe. To begin unravelling this phenomenon, we compared morphology and phagocytosis in developing and repopulating microglia. We used CX3CR1+/EGFP mice and characterized individual microglia throughout the postnatal period in control mice and in mice with repopulating microglia. We tested whether repopulating microglia recapitulate developmental qualities by measuring microglial surface area, volume, branching, and lysosomes. We found that infiltrating microglia acquire developmental properties during synaptic refinement, even beyond the normal auditory development timeframe.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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  Data: T32 DC010775 United States DC NIDCD NIH HHS; UM1 TR004927 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Auditory brainstem; LSO; MNTB; Microglia; Repopulation; Synaptic pruning
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