Academic Journal
Clinical and immunological factors associated with gastrointestinal involvement in common variable immunodeficiency: a real-world study.
| Τίτλος: | Clinical and immunological factors associated with gastrointestinal involvement in common variable immunodeficiency: a real-world study. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Harman E; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Çölkesen F; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey. neueriskinimmunoloji@gmail.com., Gerek ME; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Sağun F; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Kolak S; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Savaş ŞA; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Yiğitdöl İ; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Ergün ÜY; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey., Arslan Ş; Department of Immunology and Allergy Diseases, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Türkiye, Turkey. |
| Πηγή: | BMC immunology [BMC Immunol] 2026 Jun 22; Vol. 27 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 22. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100966980 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2172 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712172 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2000- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Common Variable Immunodeficiency*/immunology , Common Variable Immunodeficiency*/complications , Common Variable Immunodeficiency*/diagnosis , B-Lymphocyte Subsets*/immunology , Gastrointestinal Diseases*/immunology , Gastrointestinal Diseases*/diagnosis , Memory B Cells*/immunology, Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Immunoglobulin A/blood ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Immunologic Memory ; Immunophenotyping ; Aged |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is a common and clinically significant manifestation of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID); however, its relationship with immunological parameters remains incompletely understood. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between GI involvement and immunological markers, particularly serum immunoglobulin levels and B-cell subsets, and to assess their discriminative performance. Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, 109 adult patients with CVID were included and categorized based on GI involvement. Clinical, endoscopic, histopathological, and immunological data were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with GI involvement. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate discriminative performance. Results: GI involvement was present in 58.7% of patients. Patients with GI involvement had significantly lower serum IgA and IgM levels, as well as reduced percentages of CD19⁺CD27⁺IgD⁻ switched memory B cells. In multivariable analysis, low IgM levels (OR = 0.161, 95% CI: 0.041-0.633, p = 0.009) and decreased switched memory B-cell percentage (OR = 0.918, 95% CI: 0.855-0.986, p = 0.019) were independently associated with GI involvement. ROC analysis demonstrated good discriminative ability for serum IgM (AUC = 0.799, 95% CI: 0.708-0.889) and moderate discriminative performance for switched memory B cells (AUC = 0.695, 95% CI: 0.589-0.802). Endoscopic abnormalities were detected in 87.7% of evaluated patients, with inflammatory bowel disease-like patterns being the most common histopathological finding. Conclusion: GI involvement is common in CVID and is independently associated with reduced IgM levels and decreased switched memory B cells, suggesting a potential role of impaired B-cell maturation in its pathophysiology. These findings may help identify patients at higher risk and support the clinical utility of immunophenotyping. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings and to establish clinically relevant cutoff values. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Non-Interventional Drug and Medical Device Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 2026/6426, meeting number: 238, date: 27 March 2026). This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study based solely on existing medical records, with no additional interventions or contact with participants. Therefore, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent to participate in accordance with national regulations. All data were anonymized prior to analysis. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Common variable immunodeficiency; Gastrointestinal diseases; IgM; Immunophenotyping; Memory B cells |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Immunoglobulin M) 0 (Immunoglobulin A) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260623 Date Completed: 20260908 Latest Revision: 20260910 |
| Update Code: | 20260910 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13551818 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12865-026-00870-4 |
| PMID: | 42332566 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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