Academic Journal
Co-occurring stigmas and associations with HIV testing, mental health, and substance use: a latent class analysis among youth in Kazakhstan.
| Τίτλος: | Co-occurring stigmas and associations with HIV testing, mental health, and substance use: a latent class analysis among youth in Kazakhstan. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Gardner SD; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.; School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA., Norcini Pala A; Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA., Kane J; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA., Mergenova G; Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Department of Epidemiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Balabekova O; Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Gryazev D; Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Sun Y; School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA., Landers SE; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA., Davis A; School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. |
| Πηγή: | Sexual health [Sex Health] 2026 Aug 17; Vol. 23 (4). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: CSIRO Pub Country of Publication: Australia NLM ID: 101242667 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1449-8987 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14485028 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sex Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Collingwood, Vic. Australia : CSIRO Pub., c2004- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Substance-Related Disorders*/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders*/epidemiology , HIV Infections*/psychology , HIV Infections*/diagnosis , Sexual and Gender Minorities*/psychology , Social Stigma* , Mental Health* , HIV Testing*, Kazakhstan/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Latent Class Analysis ; Young Adult |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Co-occurring perceived community stigmas (HIV, sexual/gender minority status and substance use) impact health behaviors and access to healthcare services, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, but there is a paucity of research among adolescents and young adults). This paper explores the associations between co-occurring perceived community stigmas (HIV, sexual/gender minority status and substance use) and their relationship to mental health and substance use outcomes among youth in Kazakhstan. Methods: Participants were 216 (females: 116, males: 110) youth living in Almaty, Kazakhstan, who were not diagnosed with HIV. We used multidimensional latent class analyses to identify groups of youth with different combinations of perceived community stigmas. Results: The four latent classes are: (1) low levels of all stigma types (26%, n = 56); (2) low levels of HIV stigma with moderate levels of substance use and sexual/gender minority status stigmas (44%, n = 95); (3) moderate levels of HIV and sexual/gender minority status stigmas with low substance use stigma (9%, n = 19); and (4) high levels of all stigma types (21%, n = 46). Adolescents and young adults in Class 4 had higher odds of self-identifying as a sexual/gender minority (OR 2.70; 95% CI: 1.09, 6.69) compared with Class 1. Youth in Class 4 had higher depression (M 13.88, s.d. 7.52) and anxiety (M 9.00, s.d. 6.82) compared with Class 1 (M 9.00, s.d. 6.01; M 5.2, s.d. 5.38, respectively). Youth in Class 2 were 2.47 times (95% CI: 1.23, 4.93) more likely to have used tobacco, and 2.06 times (95% CI: 1.05, 4.06) more likely to have used alcohol than Class 1. Conclusion: Discrete typologies of perceived co-occurring community stigmas are differentially associated with health outcomes, suggesting a need for interventions to address co-occurring stigmas. (© 2026 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing.) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: HIV; Kazakhstan; LMIC; adolescents and young adults; mental health; sexual/gender minority; stigma; substance use |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260614 Date Completed: 20260615 Latest Revision: 20260615 |
| Update Code: | 20260616 |
| DOI: | 10.1071/SH26038 |
| PMID: | 42289791 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1449-8987 |
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| DOI: | 10.1071/SH26038 |