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Monopotassium phosphate seed priming improves phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa.

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Title: Monopotassium phosphate seed priming improves phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa.
Authors: Talbi-Zribi O; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia., El Ourayri M; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia., Slama I; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia., Manaa A; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
Source: Journal of the science of food and agriculture [J Sci Food Agric] 2026 Sep; Vol. 106 (12), pp. 7368-7379. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 04.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376334 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0010 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00225142 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Sci Food Agric Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2005-> : Chichester, West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons
Original Publication: London, Society of Chemical Industry.
MeSH Terms: Chenopodium quinoa*/metabolism , Chenopodium quinoa*/growth & development , Chenopodium quinoa*/drug effects , Chenopodium quinoa*/chemistry , Seeds*/metabolism , Seeds*/growth & development , Seeds*/drug effects , Seeds*/chemistry , Phosphorus*/metabolism , Phosphorus*/deficiency , Phosphorus*/analysis , Phosphates*/metabolism , Phosphates*/pharmacology , Potassium Compounds*/metabolism , Potassium Compounds*/pharmacology, Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/growth & development ; Chlorophyll/metabolism ; Acid Phosphatase/metabolism ; Plant Roots/metabolism ; Plant Roots/growth & development ; Seedlings/metabolism ; Seedlings/growth & development ; Photosynthesis
Abstract: Background: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major factor limiting crop productivity in many soils worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the potential of seed priming with monopotassium phosphate (200 mmol L-1) to alleviate the adverse effects of P deficiency in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Seedlings issued from unprimed and primed seeds were cultivated in plastic pots filled with inert sand under P deficient or P sufficient conditions.
Results: In plants from unprimed seeds, P deficiency decreased shoot and root growth, leaf P and potassium ion (K+) content, leaf water content, gas-exchange performance, and photosynthetic pigment concentrations, while increasing lipid peroxidation and leaf acid phosphatase activity. Interestingly, monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) seed priming alleviated P deficiency stress in quinoa, resulting in significant improvement in shoot (9.9-fold) and root (8.1-fold) growth, as well as photosynthetic activity (five-fold and four-fold increases in net assimilation rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), respectively). Chlorophyll content increased four-fold, while carotenoids content increased by 70%, together with an overall improvement in plant nutritional status. This beneficial effect was associated with lower levels of leaf malondialdehyde. However, no significant differences were observed in leaf osmotic potential, anthocyanin content, or acid phosphatase activity between plants derived from primed and unprimed seeds.
Conclusion: KH2PO4 seed priming enhances quinoa tolerance to P deficiency through improved photosynthetic integrity, root growth, nutritional status, and strengthened antioxidant defence. Hence, KH2PO4 seed priming appears to be a promising strategy for improving quinoa productivity in calcareous soils. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.)
References: Plant Physiol. 2018 May;177(1):271-284. (PMID: 29540590)
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 May;162:247-257. (PMID: 33711718)
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2022 May 20;73:17-42. (PMID: 34910587)
Plant Mol Biol. 2024 Mar 8;114(2):24. (PMID: 38457044)
J Exp Bot. 2002 Mar;53(368):473-81. (PMID: 11847246)
Trends Plant Sci. 2006 Dec;11(12):610-7. (PMID: 17092760)
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Nov 18;25(1):1588. (PMID: 41254494)
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2022 Feb 1;172:56-69. (PMID: 35032888)
Plant Physiol. 1951 Apr;26(2):411-3. (PMID: 16654380)
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 20;10(1):17804. (PMID: 33082411)
Plants (Basel). 2022 Nov 10;11(22):. (PMID: 36432771)
J Plant Physiol. 2015 Sep 15;189:1-10. (PMID: 26476701)
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jan 15;326(Pt A):116713. (PMID: 36375432)
Plant Physiol. 1984 Jun;75(2):372-7. (PMID: 16663629)
Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:421-31. (PMID: 2233309)
Plant Physiol. 2011 Jul;156(3):997-1005. (PMID: 21571668)
J Exp Bot. 2000 Jun;51(347):1107-15. (PMID: 10948238)
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 17;16(2):e0246944. (PMID: 33596244)
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 May;198:107680. (PMID: 37031546)
New Phytol. 2018 Apr;218(2):414-431. (PMID: 29332310)
Plants (Basel). 2023 Aug 03;12(15):. (PMID: 37571014)
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jul 31;13(15):. (PMID: 39124236)
New Phytol. 2003 Mar;157(3):423-447. (PMID: 33873400)
J Exp Bot. 2008;59(2):349-59. (PMID: 18256050)
Grant Information: This research was supported by the projects "Quinoa4Med" and "Purecircles" which are part of the Partnership on Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA, Grant Agreement no. 101102316) Program supported by the European Union and funded by the national funding bodies of Participating States (MHESR in Tunisia).
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: nutritional status; phosphorus deficiency; photosynthesis; quinoa; seed priming; water status
Substance Nomenclature: 27YLU75U4W (Phosphorus)
0 (Phosphates)
B7862WZ632 (potassium phosphate)
1406-65-1 (Chlorophyll)
0 (Potassium Compounds)
EC 3.1.3.2 (Acid Phosphatase)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260605 Date Completed: 20260806 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260813
PubMed Central ID: PMC13442812
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.70773
PMID: 42244041
Database: MEDLINE
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  Data: Monopotassium phosphate seed priming improves phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Talbi-Zribi+O%22&quot;&gt;Talbi-Zribi O&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22El+Ourayri+M%22&quot;&gt;El Ourayri M&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Slama+I%22&quot;&gt;Slama I&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Manaa+A%22&quot;&gt;Manaa A&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%220376334%22&quot;&gt;Journal of the science of food and agriculture&lt;/searchLink&gt; [J Sci Food Agric] 2026 Sep; Vol. 106 (12), pp. 7368-7379. &lt;i&gt;Date of Electronic Publication: &lt;/i&gt;2026 Jun 04.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major factor limiting crop productivity in many soils worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the potential of seed priming with monopotassium phosphate (200 mmol L&lt;superscript&gt;-1&lt;/superscript&gt;) to alleviate the adverse effects of P deficiency in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Seedlings issued from unprimed and primed seeds were cultivated in plastic pots filled with inert sand under P deficient or P sufficient conditions.&lt;br /&gt;Results: In plants from unprimed seeds, P deficiency decreased shoot and root growth, leaf P and potassium ion (K&lt;superscript&gt;+&lt;/superscript&gt;) content, leaf water content, gas-exchange performance, and photosynthetic pigment concentrations, while increasing lipid peroxidation and leaf acid phosphatase activity. Interestingly, monopotassium phosphate (KH&lt;subscript&gt;2&lt;/subscript&gt;PO&lt;subscript&gt;4&lt;/subscript&gt;) seed priming alleviated P deficiency stress in quinoa, resulting in significant improvement in shoot (9.9-fold) and root (8.1-fold) growth, as well as photosynthetic activity (five-fold and four-fold increases in net assimilation rate (A) and stomatal conductance (g&lt;subscript&gt;s&lt;/subscript&gt;), respectively). Chlorophyll content increased four-fold, while carotenoids content increased by 70%, together with an overall improvement in plant nutritional status. This beneficial effect was associated with lower levels of leaf malondialdehyde. However, no significant differences were observed in leaf osmotic potential, anthocyanin content, or acid phosphatase activity between plants derived from primed and unprimed seeds.&lt;br /&gt;Conclusion: KH&lt;subscript&gt;2&lt;/subscript&gt;PO&lt;subscript&gt;4&lt;/subscript&gt; seed priming enhances quinoa tolerance to P deficiency through improved photosynthetic integrity, root growth, nutritional status, and strengthened antioxidant defence. Hence, KH&lt;subscript&gt;2&lt;/subscript&gt;PO&lt;subscript&gt;4&lt;/subscript&gt; seed priming appears to be a promising strategy for improving quinoa productivity in calcareous soils. &#169; 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.&lt;br /&gt; (&#169; 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Data: This research was supported by the projects &quot;Quinoa4Med&quot; and &quot;Purecircles&quot; which are part of the Partnership on Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA, Grant Agreement no. 101102316) Program supported by the European Union and funded by the national funding bodies of Participating States (MHESR in Tunisia).
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;nutritional status; phosphorus deficiency; photosynthesis; quinoa; seed priming; water status
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1002/jsfa.70773
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 7368
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Plant Leaves metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Leaves growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chlorophyll metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Acid Phosphatase metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Roots metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Plant Roots growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seedlings metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seedlings growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photosynthesis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chenopodium quinoa metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chenopodium quinoa growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chenopodium quinoa drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chenopodium quinoa chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seeds metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seeds growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seeds drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seeds chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphorus metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphorus deficiency
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphorus analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphates metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phosphates pharmacology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Potassium Compounds metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Potassium Compounds pharmacology
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Monopotassium phosphate seed priming improves phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Talbi-Zribi O
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: El Ourayri M
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Slama I
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Manaa A
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: 2026 Sep
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1097-0010
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 106
            – Type: issue
              Value: 12
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of the science of food and agriculture
              Type: main
ResultId 1