Academic Journal
Expansion of pathogens and restoration of human skin microbiome in CD4 T-cell lymphopenia.
| Τίτλος: | Expansion of pathogens and restoration of human skin microbiome in CD4 T-cell lymphopenia. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Han J; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Lisco A; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Che Y; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Anderson MV; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Laidlaw E; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Kim CS; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Hou P; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Conlan S; Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Proctor DM; Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Current address: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA., Lee-Lin S; Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Amirkhani A; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Holmes CJ; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Suh GS; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Brownell I; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Segre JA; Microbial Genomics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Sereti I; Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Kong HH; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: konghe@mail.nih.gov. |
| Συλλογικό Έργο: | NISC Comparative Sequencing Program; NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA. |
| Πηγή: | The Journal of investigative dermatology [J Invest Dermatol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 146 (10), pp. 2840-2849.e7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 04. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0426720 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1523-1747 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0022202X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Invest Dermatol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2016- : New York : Elsevier Original Publication: Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Skin Microbiome*/immunology , HIV Infections*/immunology , HIV Infections*/drug therapy , HIV Infections*/microbiology , HIV Infections*/complications , Skin*/microbiology , Skin*/immunology , Lymphopenia*/immunology , Lymphopenia*/microbiology , Lymphopenia*/drug therapy , T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive*/immunology , T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive*/microbiology , T-Lymphocytopenia, Idiopathic CD4-Positive*/drug therapy , Microbiota*/immunology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses/isolation & purification ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses/immunology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Longitudinal Studies |
| Περίληψη: | The microbiome and host immune system maintain a dynamic homeostatic equilibrium at the skin interface. Prior studies have shown that the skin microbiome is profoundly altered in immunodeficient conditions. Patients with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia, a rare clinical syndrome with an obscure cause, and people living with HIV are 2 etiologically distinct groups of individuals with CD4 T-cell lymphopenia. We conducted shotgun metagenomic sequencing, metagenome assembly, and read-based mapping to examine the multi-kingdom taxonomic diversity of skin microbiomes in patients with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia and people living with HIV who were followed longitudinally before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Compared with healthy individuals, the skin microbiomes of patients with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia and antiretroviral therapy-naïve people living with HIV showed greater inter-individual variation and higher relative abundances of eukaryotic viruses. Both patient groups carried pathogenic microbes, including high-oncogenic-risk human papillomaviruses and dermatophytes such as Trichophyton rubrum, which were rarely seen in healthy controls. In people living with HIV, high-oncogenic-risk human papillomaviruses persisted after 2 months of antiretroviral therapy but were mostly cleared after 14 months. The loss of peripheral blood CD4 T-cells was associated with shifts in the skin microbiome and a relative expansion of pathogenic microbes. Investigating microbiome dynamics during immunodeficiency and subsequent immune reconstitution provides additional insights into host-microbial interactions. (Published by Elsevier Inc.) |
| Grant Information: | Z99 AR999999 United States ImNIH Intramural NIH HHS; ZIA AR041218 United States ImNIH Intramural NIH HHS; ZIA AR041219 United States ImNIH Intramural NIH HHS; ZIA AR041220 United States ImNIH Intramural NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus; Human papillomaviruses; Idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia; Metagenomes |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260604 Date Completed: 20260930 Latest Revision: 20260930 |
| Update Code: | 20261001 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13382536 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jid.2026.05.019 |
| PMID: | 42242497 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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