Academic Journal
New long-acting local anesthetics: recent formulations and safety.
| Τίτλος: | New long-acting local anesthetics: recent formulations and safety. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Pham DT; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, UI Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Hunter NM, Nixon HC |
| Πηγή: | Current opinion in anaesthesiology [Curr Opin Anaesthesiol] 2026 Aug 01; Vol. 39 (4), pp. 439-443. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 23. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8813436 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1473-6500 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09527907 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Curr Opin Anaesthesiol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Philadelphia, PA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Original Publication: Philadelphia, PA, USA : Gower Academic Journals, c1988- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Anesthetics, Local*/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Local*/adverse effects , Anesthetics, Local*/pharmacokinetics , Anesthetics, Local*/chemistry , Postoperative Pain*/prevention & control , Postoperative Pain*/drug therapy , Nerve Block*/methods , Nerve Block*/adverse effects, Delayed-Action Preparations/administration & dosage ; Delayed-Action Preparations/adverse effects ; Bupivacaine/administration & dosage ; Bupivacaine/adverse effects ; Drug Delivery Systems/methods ; Humans ; Liposomes ; Animals |
| Περίληψη: | Purpose of Review: This review summarizes recent advances in long-acting local anesthetics, with emphasis on liposomal as well as emerging carrier-based and carrier-free delivery systems. In addition, the role of adjuvants and strategies to optimize dosing and minimize systemic toxicity will be discussed. Recent Findings: Recent evidence indicates that liposomal bupivacaine provides limited clinical benefit over conventional local anesthetics for most peripheral nerve and fascial plane blocks, while adjuvants such as dexamethasone and alpha-2 agonists consistently prolong analgesic duration of blocks. The risk of local anesthetic systemic toxicity remains a concern due to variability in practices and secondary to high-volume blocks, truncal catheters, and local anesthetics given by surgeons. Novel carrier-based and carrier-free formulations demonstrate promising pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical and early clinical studies to prolong local anesthetic action and minimize side effects. Summary: Long-acting local anesthetics remain central to perioperative pain management; however, optimal use requires careful attention to dosing, patient-specific risk factors, and safety principles. Although innovative delivery systems and adjuvants may enhance analgesic duration, further high-quality clinical trials are necessary to define their role in routine practice and establish standardized treatment protocols. (Copyright © 2026 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.) |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: liposomal bupivacaine; local anesthesia adjuvants; local toxicity; long-acting local anesthetics |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Anesthetics, Local) 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations) 0 (Liposomes) Y8335394RO (Bupivacaine) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260602 Date Completed: 20260622 Latest Revision: 20260622 |
| Update Code: | 20260622 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001667 |
| PMID: | 42228505 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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