Academic Journal
View in EDS

Medical Skills Curriculum for Interdisciplinary Neonatal Transport Teams: A European Delphi Consensus Study.

Bibliographic Details
Title: Medical Skills Curriculum for Interdisciplinary Neonatal Transport Teams: A European Delphi Consensus Study.
Authors: Bay ET; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Breindahl N; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Prehospital Centre Region Zealand, Naestved, Denmark., Heiring C; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark., Nielsen MM; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark., Terheggen U; Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland., Tolsgaard MG; Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Aunsholt L; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Corporate Authors: International Collaborative for Training in Neonatal Transport
Source: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) [Acta Paediatr] 2026 Oct; Vol. 115 (10), pp. 2218-2227. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 02.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: Norway NLM ID: 9205968 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1651-2227 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08035253 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Acta Paediatr Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2007- : Oslo : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Oslo : Scandinavian University Press, c1992-
MeSH Terms: Curriculum* , Clinical Competence* , Transportation of Patients* , Patient Care Team* , Simulation Training*, Delphi Technique ; Humans ; Europe ; Infant, Newborn ; Consensus
Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to identify and prioritise medical skills for inclusion in a simulation-based training curriculum for interdisciplinary neonatal interhospital transport teams.
Methods: A modified three-round Delphi process was conducted. We included 144 healthcare professionals (101 physicians and 43 non-physician healthcare professionals including nurses, nurse practitioners, paramedics and respiratory therapists) with neonatal transport experience from 14 European countries. In Round 1, participants suggested medical skills. In Round 2, skills were prioritised using a modified Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation Needs Assessment Formula. In Round 3, skills were re-prioritised and eliminated based on consensus (> 75% agreement).
Results: Consensus was reached on 21 medical skills for physicians and 34 for non-physician healthcare professionals. The highest-ranked skills for physicians included manual non-invasive ventilation, set-up of mechanical ventilation, chest compressions, endotracheal intubation and umbilical venous catheterisation. For non-physician healthcare professionals, the highest-ranked skills included set-up of the transport incubator, monitoring, administration of intravenous infusions and set-up of infusion drivers.
Conclusion: This study identified and prioritised medical skills for physicians and non-physician healthcare professionals on neonatal transport teams, which supports the development of simulation-based training aligned with the clinical complexity and interdisciplinary nature of neonatal transport.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)
References: BMJ Paediatr Open. 2020 Aug 18;4(1):e000697. (PMID: 32844123)
Eur J Pediatr. 2022 Apr;181(4):1429-1436. (PMID: 35020049)
Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2016 Feb;101(1):8-14. (PMID: 26614805)
Acta Paediatr. 2026 May;115(5):1126-1129. (PMID: 41482674)
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007 Feb;23(2):77-82. (PMID: 17351405)
Semin Perinatol. 2016 Nov;40(7):430-437. (PMID: 28193439)
Acta Paediatr. 1997 Nov;86(11):1253-6. (PMID: 9401523)
Air Med J. 2026 Jan-Feb;45(1):59-62. (PMID: 41534963)
Early Hum Dev. 2009 Aug;85(8):487-90. (PMID: 19501479)
Acta Paediatr. 2026 Feb;115(2):460-467. (PMID: 41147710)
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2024 Dec 20;110(1):43-50. (PMID: 38857987)
PLoS Med. 2024 Jan 23;21(1):e1004326. (PMID: 38261576)
Early Hum Dev. 2024 May;192:106012. (PMID: 38648678)
Air Med J. 2025 Nov-Dec;44(6):488-491. (PMID: 41161878)
N Engl J Med. 2024 May 30;390(20):1885-1894. (PMID: 38709215)
Pediatrics. 2011 Oct;128(4):685-91. (PMID: 21949141)
J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377-81. (PMID: 18929686)
Surg Endosc. 2016 Jan;30(1):279-87. (PMID: 25899812)
Lancet. 2010 Aug 28;376(9742):698-704. (PMID: 20708255)
Neonatology. 2024;121(3):314-326. (PMID: 38408441)
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Nov;89(11):851-3. (PMID: 24094330)
Front Pediatr. 2022 Feb 21;10:828297. (PMID: 35265565)
Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jun-Jul;20(5):265-75. (PMID: 26175564)
Postgrad Med J. 2023 Mar 22;99(1167):37-44. (PMID: 36947424)
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2020 May;36(5):e263-e267. (PMID: 30399063)
Med Teach. 2018 Jul;40(7):676-683. (PMID: 29938547)
J Clin Epidemiol. 2014 Apr;67(4):401-9. (PMID: 24581294)
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004 May;89(3):F215-9. (PMID: 15102723)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Delphi method; curriculum; interhospital transport; neonatal; simulation‐based training
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260602 Date Completed: 20260908 Latest Revision: 20260910
Update Code: 20260910
PubMed Central ID: PMC13552610
DOI: 10.1111/apa.70635
PMID: 42227642
Database: MEDLINE
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://resolver.ebsco.com/c/fiv2js/result?sid=EBSCO:cmedm&genre=article&issn=16512227&ISBN=&volume=115&issue=10&date=20261001&spage=2218&pages=2218-2227&title=Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)&atitle=Medical%20Skills%20Curriculum%20for%20Interdisciplinary%20Neonatal%20Transport%20Teams%3A%20A%20European%20Delphi%20Consensus%20Study.&aulast=Bay%20ET&id=DOI:10.1111/apa.70635
    Name: Full Text Finder (for New FTF UI) (ns324271)
    Category: fullText
    Text: Full Text Finder
    MouseOverText: Full Text Finder
Header DbId: cmedm
DbLabel: MEDLINE
An: 42227642
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Medical Skills Curriculum for Interdisciplinary Neonatal Transport Teams: A European Delphi Consensus Study.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bay+ET%22">Bay ET</searchLink>; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Breindahl+N%22">Breindahl N</searchLink>; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Prehospital Centre Region Zealand, Naestved, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heiring+C%22">Heiring C</searchLink>; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nielsen+MM%22">Nielsen MM</searchLink>; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Terheggen+U%22">Terheggen U</searchLink>; Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tolsgaard+MG%22">Tolsgaard MG</searchLink>; Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aunsholt+L%22">Aunsholt L</searchLink>; Department of Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
– Name: AuthorCorporate
  Label: Corporate Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22International+Collaborative+for+Training+in+Neonatal+Transport%22">International Collaborative for Training in Neonatal Transport</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229205968%22">Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)</searchLink> [Acta Paediatr] 2026 Oct; Vol. 115 (10), pp. 2218-2227. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jun 02.
– Name: TypePub
  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Wiley-Blackwell%22">Wiley-Blackwell </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Norway <i>NLM ID: </i>9205968 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1651-2227 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2208035253%22">08035253 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Acta Paediatr <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: <i>Publication</i>: 2007- : Oslo : Wiley-Blackwell<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Oslo : Scandinavian University Press, c1992-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Curriculum%22">Curriculum*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Clinical+Competence%22">Clinical Competence*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transportation+of+Patients%22">Transportation of Patients*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Patient+Care+Team%22">Patient Care Team*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Simulation+Training%22">Simulation Training*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Delphi+Technique%22">Delphi Technique</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Europe%22">Europe</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Infant%2C+Newborn%22">Infant, Newborn</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Consensus%22">Consensus</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Aim: This study aimed to identify and prioritise medical skills for inclusion in a simulation-based training curriculum for interdisciplinary neonatal interhospital transport teams.<br />Methods: A modified three-round Delphi process was conducted. We included 144 healthcare professionals (101 physicians and 43 non-physician healthcare professionals including nurses, nurse practitioners, paramedics and respiratory therapists) with neonatal transport experience from 14 European countries. In Round 1, participants suggested medical skills. In Round 2, skills were prioritised using a modified Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation Needs Assessment Formula. In Round 3, skills were re-prioritised and eliminated based on consensus (> 75% agreement).<br />Results: Consensus was reached on 21 medical skills for physicians and 34 for non-physician healthcare professionals. The highest-ranked skills for physicians included manual non-invasive ventilation, set-up of mechanical ventilation, chest compressions, endotracheal intubation and umbilical venous catheterisation. For non-physician healthcare professionals, the highest-ranked skills included set-up of the transport incubator, monitoring, administration of intravenous infusions and set-up of infusion drivers.<br />Conclusion: This study identified and prioritised medical skills for physicians and non-physician healthcare professionals on neonatal transport teams, which supports the development of simulation-based training aligned with the clinical complexity and interdisciplinary nature of neonatal transport.<br /> (© 2026 The Author(s). Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: BMJ Paediatr Open. 2020 Aug 18;4(1):e000697. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232844123%22">32844123)</searchLink><br />Eur J Pediatr. 2022 Apr;181(4):1429-1436. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235020049%22">35020049)</searchLink><br />Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2016 Feb;101(1):8-14. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226614805%22">26614805)</searchLink><br />Acta Paediatr. 2026 May;115(5):1126-1129. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241482674%22">41482674)</searchLink><br />Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007 Feb;23(2):77-82. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217351405%22">17351405)</searchLink><br />Semin Perinatol. 2016 Nov;40(7):430-437. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228193439%22">28193439)</searchLink><br />Acta Paediatr. 1997 Nov;86(11):1253-6. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229401523%22">9401523)</searchLink><br />Air Med J. 2026 Jan-Feb;45(1):59-62. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241534963%22">41534963)</searchLink><br />Early Hum Dev. 2009 Aug;85(8):487-90. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219501479%22">19501479)</searchLink><br />Acta Paediatr. 2026 Feb;115(2):460-467. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241147710%22">41147710)</searchLink><br />Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2024 Dec 20;110(1):43-50. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238857987%22">38857987)</searchLink><br />PLoS Med. 2024 Jan 23;21(1):e1004326. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238261576%22">38261576)</searchLink><br />Early Hum Dev. 2024 May;192:106012. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238648678%22">38648678)</searchLink><br />Air Med J. 2025 Nov-Dec;44(6):488-491. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241161878%22">41161878)</searchLink><br />N Engl J Med. 2024 May 30;390(20):1885-1894. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238709215%22">38709215)</searchLink><br />Pediatrics. 2011 Oct;128(4):685-91. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221949141%22">21949141)</searchLink><br />J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377-81. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218929686%22">18929686)</searchLink><br />Surg Endosc. 2016 Jan;30(1):279-87. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225899812%22">25899812)</searchLink><br />Lancet. 2010 Aug 28;376(9742):698-704. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220708255%22">20708255)</searchLink><br />Neonatology. 2024;121(3):314-326. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238408441%22">38408441)</searchLink><br />Early Hum Dev. 2013 Nov;89(11):851-3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224094330%22">24094330)</searchLink><br />Front Pediatr. 2022 Feb 21;10:828297. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235265565%22">35265565)</searchLink><br />Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Jun-Jul;20(5):265-75. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226175564%22">26175564)</searchLink><br />Postgrad Med J. 2023 Mar 22;99(1167):37-44. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236947424%22">36947424)</searchLink><br />Pediatr Emerg Care. 2020 May;36(5):e263-e267. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230399063%22">30399063)</searchLink><br />Med Teach. 2018 Jul;40(7):676-683. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229938547%22">29938547)</searchLink><br />J Clin Epidemiol. 2014 Apr;67(4):401-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224581294%22">24581294)</searchLink><br />Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004 May;89(3):F215-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215102723%22">15102723)</searchLink>
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Delphi method; curriculum; interhospital transport; neonatal; simulation‐based training
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date(s)
  Group: Date
  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260602 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260908 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260910
– Name: DateUpdate
  Label: Update Code
  Group: Date
  Data: 20260910
– Name: PubmedCentralID
  Label: PubMed Central ID
  Group: ID
  Data: PMC13552610
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1111/apa.70635
– Name: AN
  Label: PMID
  Group: ID
  Data: 42227642
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42227642
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/apa.70635
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 2218
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Delphi Technique
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Europe
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Infant, Newborn
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Consensus
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Curriculum
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Clinical Competence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transportation of Patients
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Patient Care Team
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Simulation Training
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Medical Skills Curriculum for Interdisciplinary Neonatal Transport Teams: A European Delphi Consensus Study.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Bay ET
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Breindahl N
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Heiring C
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Nielsen MM
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Terheggen U
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tolsgaard MG
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Aunsholt L
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: 2026 Oct
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1651-2227
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 115
            – Type: issue
              Value: 10
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
              Type: main
ResultId 1