Academic Journal
Προβολή σε EDS

Age at menopause, frailty, and risk of incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women: A longitudinal cohort study.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Age at menopause, frailty, and risk of incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women: A longitudinal cohort study.
Συγγραφείς: Gong X; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Liu S; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Shen L; The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China., Li Y; The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China., Xie W; School of General Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Cai Y; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Chen Q; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Li X; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Liu Z; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Wang C; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Gong S; Future School of Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Zhou R; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China., Zou K; Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: zoukang@gmu.edu.cn., Liu X; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: a01882@gmu.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Maturitas [Maturitas] 2026 Aug; Vol. 211, pp. 109006. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 30.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7807333 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-4111 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785122 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Maturitas Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Limerick : Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press
Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Sarcopenia*/epidemiology , Sarcopenia*/etiology , Frailty*/epidemiology , Frailty*/complications , Menopause* , Menopause, Premature*, China/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Incidence ; Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Age Factors ; Adult ; East Asian People
Περίληψη: Objectives: To investigate the independent and joint associations of menopausal status and frailty with incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women, and to identify potential threshold effects.
Study Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2015).
Main Outcome Measures: Incident sarcopenia was ascertained according to the 2025 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Menopausal status was categorized as premature (<40 years), early (40-44 years), normal (45-55 years), and late (>55 years). Frailty was defined by a frailty index ≥25 based on 32 health deficits. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval; restricted cubic splines and additive/multiplicative interaction analyses were employed.
Results: Among 4503 women, premature menopause was independently associated with increased risk of sarcopenia (hazard ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.22-2.18). Restricted cubic spline analysis identified a critical threshold at 46 years: below this age, each additional year of delayed menopause reduced risk by 6% (hazard ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.96). Frailty was linearly associated with sarcopenia (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.69). Women with both premature menopause and frailty exhibited the highest risk (hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.08-3.92).
Conclusions: Menopause before age 46 represents a critical threshold for an elevated risk of sarcopenia. Premature menopause and frailty act as independent rather than synergistic risk factors.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: CHARLS; Chinese women; Frailty; Longitudinal study; Menopause; Sarcopenia
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260601 Date Completed: 20260722 Latest Revision: 20260729
Update Code: 20260729
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109006
PMID: 42224846
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109006?
    Name: ScienceDirect (all content) (s7799221)
    Category: fullText
    Text: View record from ScienceDirect
    MouseOverText: View record from ScienceDirect
  – Url: https://resolver.ebsco.com/c/fiv2js/result?sid=EBSCO:cmedm&genre=article&issn=18734111&ISBN=&volume=211&issue=&date=20260801&spage=109006&pages=109006&title=Maturitas&atitle=Age%20at%20menopause%2C%20frailty%2C%20and%20risk%20of%20incident%20sarcopenia%20among%20middle-aged%20and%20older%20Chinese%20women%3A%20A%20longitudinal%20cohort%20study.&aulast=Gong%20X&id=DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109006
    Name: Full Text Finder (for New FTF UI) (ns324271)
    Category: fullText
    Text: Full Text Finder
    MouseOverText: Full Text Finder
Header DbId: cmedm
DbLabel: MEDLINE
An: 42224846
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Age at menopause, frailty, and risk of incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women: A longitudinal cohort study.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Gong+X%22&quot;&gt;Gong X&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Liu+S%22&quot;&gt;Liu S&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Shen+L%22&quot;&gt;Shen L&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Li+Y%22&quot;&gt;Li Y&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Xie+W%22&quot;&gt;Xie W&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of General Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Cai+Y%22&quot;&gt;Cai Y&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Chen+Q%22&quot;&gt;Chen Q&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Li+X%22&quot;&gt;Li X&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Liu+Z%22&quot;&gt;Liu Z&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Wang+C%22&quot;&gt;Wang C&lt;/searchLink&gt;; The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Gong+S%22&quot;&gt;Gong S&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Future School of Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Zhou+R%22&quot;&gt;Zhou R&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Zou+K%22&quot;&gt;Zou K&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China. Electronic address: zoukang@gmu.edu.cn.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Liu+X%22&quot;&gt;Liu X&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People&#39;s Republic of China. Electronic address: a01882@gmu.edu.cn.
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%227807333%22&quot;&gt;Maturitas&lt;/searchLink&gt; [Maturitas] 2026 Aug; Vol. 211, pp. 109006. &lt;i&gt;Date of Electronic Publication: &lt;/i&gt;2026 May 30.
– Name: TypePub
  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Publisher: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PB&quot; term=&quot;%22Elsevier%2FNorth+Holland+Biomedical+Press%22&quot;&gt;Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press &lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;i&gt;Country of Publication: &lt;/i&gt;Ireland &lt;i&gt;NLM ID: &lt;/i&gt;7807333 &lt;i&gt;Publication Model: &lt;/i&gt;Print-Electronic &lt;i&gt;Cited Medium: &lt;/i&gt;Internet &lt;i&gt;ISSN: &lt;/i&gt;1873-4111 (Electronic) &lt;i&gt;Linking ISSN: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;IS&quot; term=&quot;%2203785122%22&quot;&gt;03785122 &lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;i&gt;NLM ISO Abbreviation: &lt;/i&gt;Maturitas &lt;i&gt;Subsets: &lt;/i&gt;MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Publication&lt;/i&gt;: Limerick : Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;Original Publication&lt;/i&gt;: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press.
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Sarcopenia%22&quot;&gt;Sarcopenia*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Sarcopenia+epidemiology%22&quot;&gt;epidemiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Sarcopenia%22&quot;&gt;Sarcopenia*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Sarcopenia+etiology%22&quot;&gt;etiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Frailty%22&quot;&gt;Frailty*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Frailty+epidemiology%22&quot;&gt;epidemiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Frailty%22&quot;&gt;Frailty*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Frailty+complications%22&quot;&gt;complications&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Menopause%22&quot;&gt;Menopause*&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Menopause%2C+Premature%22&quot;&gt;Menopause, Premature*&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22China%22&quot;&gt;China&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22China+epidemiology%22&quot;&gt;epidemiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Humans%22&quot;&gt;Humans&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Female%22&quot;&gt;Female&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Middle+Aged%22&quot;&gt;Middle Aged&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Longitudinal+Studies%22&quot;&gt;Longitudinal Studies&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Prospective+Studies%22&quot;&gt;Prospective Studies&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Risk+Factors%22&quot;&gt;Risk Factors&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Incidence%22&quot;&gt;Incidence&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Aged%22&quot;&gt;Aged&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Proportional+Hazards+Models%22&quot;&gt;Proportional Hazards Models&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Age+Factors%22&quot;&gt;Age Factors&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Adult%22&quot;&gt;Adult&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22East+Asian+People%22&quot;&gt;East Asian People&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objectives: To investigate the independent and joint associations of menopausal status and frailty with incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women, and to identify potential threshold effects.&lt;br /&gt;Study Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2015).&lt;br /&gt;Main Outcome Measures: Incident sarcopenia was ascertained according to the 2025 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Menopausal status was categorized as premature (&amp;lt;40&#160;years), early (40-44&#160;years), normal (45-55&#160;years), and late (&amp;gt;55&#160;years). Frailty was defined by a frailty index ≥25 based on 32 health deficits. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval; restricted cubic splines and additive/multiplicative interaction analyses were employed.&lt;br /&gt;Results: Among 4503 women, premature menopause was independently associated with increased risk of sarcopenia (hazard ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.22-2.18). Restricted cubic spline analysis identified a critical threshold at 46&#160;years: below this age, each additional year of delayed menopause reduced risk by 6% (hazard ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.91-0.96). Frailty was linearly associated with sarcopenia (hazard ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.69). Women with both premature menopause and frailty exhibited the highest risk (hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.08-3.92).&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions: Menopause before age 46 represents a critical threshold for an elevated risk of sarcopenia. Premature menopause and frailty act as independent rather than synergistic risk factors.&lt;br /&gt; (Copyright &#169; 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;CHARLS; Chinese women; Frailty; Longitudinal study; Menopause; Sarcopenia
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date(s)
  Group: Date
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Date Created: &lt;/i&gt;20260601 &lt;i&gt;Date Completed: &lt;/i&gt;20260722 &lt;i&gt;Latest Revision: &lt;/i&gt;20260729
– Name: DateUpdate
  Label: Update Code
  Group: Date
  Data: 20260729
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109006
– Name: AN
  Label: PMID
  Group: ID
  Data: 42224846
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42224846
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2026.109006
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 109006
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: China epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Middle Aged
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Longitudinal Studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prospective Studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Risk Factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Incidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Aged
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Proportional Hazards Models
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Age Factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adult
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: East Asian People
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sarcopenia epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sarcopenia etiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Frailty epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Frailty complications
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Menopause
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Menopause, Premature
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Age at menopause, frailty, and risk of incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older Chinese women: A longitudinal cohort study.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gong X
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu S
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Shen L
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li Y
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Xie W
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Cai Y
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen Q
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li X
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu Z
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang C
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gong S
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zhou R
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Zou K
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu X
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: 2026 Aug
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1873-4111
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 211
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Maturitas
              Type: main
ResultId 1