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Learning to dispatch volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Learning to dispatch volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.
Συγγραφείς: van den Berg PL; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands., Fourmentraux O; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands., Henderson SG; School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA., Jagtenberg CJ; School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. c.j.jagtenberg@vu.nl., Li H; School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Πηγή: Health care management science [Health Care Manag Sci] 2026 May 28; Vol. 29 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 28.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Baltzer Science Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 9815649 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1572-9389 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13869620 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Health Care Manag Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Bussum, Netherlands : Baltzer Science Publishers, c1998-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest*/therapy , Emergency Medical Dispatch*/organization & administration , Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems*/organization & administration , Emergency Medical Services*/organization & administration , Volunteers*, Humans ; New Zealand ; Triage ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cell Phone ; Time Factors
Περίληψη: Survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest can be significantly improved through volunteer efforts. To shorten the time to good-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, some emergency call centers use mobile phone technology to rapidly locate and alert nearby trained volunteers. Some such community first responder systems use phased alerts: notifying increasingly many volunteers with built-in time delays. The policy that defines the phasing of alerts affects both response times, which have a direct relation to survival, and the burden on volunteers. We aim to optimize this policy, which involves trading off these two metrics. The policy may depend on real-time information: where the volunteers are observed in relation to the patient and how long triage took. A direct approach using dynamic programming yields some insights, but is too slow for real-time use. Our contribution lies in recasting this problem as a multi-class classification problem and solving it using empirical data from Auckland, New Zealand's community first response system. This case study shows that phasing the alerts based on real-time information provides important improvements relative to a competitive baseline that is indicative of current practice.
(© 2026. The Author(s).)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of Interest: We have no conflict of interest to declare. Ethics statement: The permission for this study to use the data presented in this paper was granted by Health and Disability Ethics Committees (HDEC), Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand.
References: Ann Emerg Med. 1993 Nov;22(11):1652-8. (PMID: 8214853)
Resuscitation. 2019 May;138:53-58. (PMID: 30802556)
Resuscitation. 2001 Nov;51(2):113-22. (PMID: 11718965)
PLoS One. 2026 Mar 03;21(3):e0343762. (PMID: 41774698)
Resusc Plus. 2021 Jul 28;7:100153. (PMID: 34382026)
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019 Dec 16;27(1):112. (PMID: 31842928)
Resusc Plus. 2023 Sep 06;16:100466. (PMID: 37711685)
Resuscitation. 2024 Aug;201:110300. (PMID: 38960067)
Grant Information: 2023-1-307TKI TKI DINALOG; VI.Veni.191E.005 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; CMMI-2035086 National Science Foundation; OAC-2410950 National Science Foundation
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Community first response; Dispatch; Dynamic programming; Emergency Medical Services; Multi-class classification
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260528 Date Completed: 20260717 Latest Revision: 20260922
Update Code: 20260922
PubMed Central ID: PMC13219187
DOI: 10.1007/s10729-026-09763-9
PMID: 42207329
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  – Url: https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1007/s10729-026-09763-9
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  Data: Learning to dispatch volunteers to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+den+Berg+PL%22">van den Berg PL</searchLink>; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fourmentraux+O%22">Fourmentraux O</searchLink>; Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Henderson+SG%22">Henderson SG</searchLink>; School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jagtenberg+CJ%22">Jagtenberg CJ</searchLink>; School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. c.j.jagtenberg@vu.nl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+H%22">Li H</searchLink>; School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Baltzer+Science+Publishers%22">Baltzer Science Publishers </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Netherlands <i>NLM ID: </i>9815649 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1572-9389 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2213869620%22">13869620 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Health Care Manag Sci <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Bussum, Netherlands : Baltzer Science Publishers, c1998-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Out-of-Hospital+Cardiac+Arrest%22">Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Out-of-Hospital+Cardiac+Arrest+therapy%22">therapy</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Dispatch%22">Emergency Medical Dispatch*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Dispatch+organization+%26+administration%22">organization & administration</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Service+Communication+Systems%22">Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Service+Communication+Systems+organization+%26+administration%22">organization & administration</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Services%22">Emergency Medical Services*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Emergency+Medical+Services+organization+%26+administration%22">organization & administration</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Volunteers%22">Volunteers*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22New+Zealand%22">New Zealand</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Triage%22">Triage</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Cardiopulmonary+Resuscitation%22">Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Cell+Phone%22">Cell Phone</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Time+Factors%22">Time Factors</searchLink>
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  Data: Survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest can be significantly improved through volunteer efforts. To shorten the time to good-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, some emergency call centers use mobile phone technology to rapidly locate and alert nearby trained volunteers. Some such community first responder systems use phased alerts: notifying increasingly many volunteers with built-in time delays. The policy that defines the phasing of alerts affects both response times, which have a direct relation to survival, and the burden on volunteers. We aim to optimize this policy, which involves trading off these two metrics. The policy may depend on real-time information: where the volunteers are observed in relation to the patient and how long triage took. A direct approach using dynamic programming yields some insights, but is too slow for real-time use. Our contribution lies in recasting this problem as a multi-class classification problem and solving it using empirical data from Auckland, New Zealand's community first response system. This case study shows that phasing the alerts based on real-time information provides important improvements relative to a competitive baseline that is indicative of current practice.<br /> (© 2026. The Author(s).)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
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  Data: Declarations. Conflict of Interest: We have no conflict of interest to declare. Ethics statement: The permission for this study to use the data presented in this paper was granted by Health and Disability Ethics Committees (HDEC), Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand.
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  Label: References
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  Data: Ann Emerg Med. 1993 Nov;22(11):1652-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%228214853%22">8214853)</searchLink><br />Resuscitation. 2019 May;138:53-58. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230802556%22">30802556)</searchLink><br />Resuscitation. 2001 Nov;51(2):113-22. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2211718965%22">11718965)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2026 Mar 03;21(3):e0343762. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241774698%22">41774698)</searchLink><br />Resusc Plus. 2021 Jul 28;7:100153. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234382026%22">34382026)</searchLink><br />Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019 Dec 16;27(1):112. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231842928%22">31842928)</searchLink><br />Resusc Plus. 2023 Sep 06;16:100466. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237711685%22">37711685)</searchLink><br />Resuscitation. 2024 Aug;201:110300. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238960067%22">38960067)</searchLink>
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  Data: 2023-1-307TKI TKI DINALOG; VI.Veni.191E.005 Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; CMMI-2035086 National Science Foundation; OAC-2410950 National Science Foundation
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