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Pilot-scale aerated biofilm system for low-temperature treatment of decentralized rural wastewater: Staged configuration and microbial resilience.

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Τίτλος: Pilot-scale aerated biofilm system for low-temperature treatment of decentralized rural wastewater: Staged configuration and microbial resilience.
Συγγραφείς: Zheng Y; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China., Chai Z; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China., Song C; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China., Li Y; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China., Chen H; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China., Zheng M; Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China. Electronic address: maoshengzheng@ncepu.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2026 Aug 15; Vol. 304, pp. 124861. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 26.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Waste Disposal, Fluid*/methods , Wastewater*/microbiology , Bioreactors*/microbiology , Biofilms*, Pilot Projects ; Cold Temperature ; Nitrification
Περίληψη: The treatment of decentralized rural wastewater under sustained low-temperature conditions remains a significant challenge. This study evaluated a pilot-scale, multistage aerated biofilm (MAB) system equipped with hydrophilic polyurethane foam carriers during operation with influent temperatures dropping to 10.69 ± 0.77 °C. The system achieved robust performance, with NH4+-N and COD removal efficiencies reaching 84.15-99.41% and 60.69-90.75%, respectively. A clear functional zonation was established, separating heterotrophic COD degradation from autotrophic nitrification. Activity tests using a double-inhibitor method confirmed substantial nitrification activity in the later stages. Furthermore, the microbial community exhibited distinct low-temperature adaptation strategies, including shifts in extracellular polymeric substance composition and the enrichment of specific functional genes. Quantitative PCR and bioinformatic analyses revealed a synergistic partnership for ammonia oxidation: while Nitrosomonas oligotropha-like AOB were dominant, comammox Nitrospira maintained a stable niche and actively contributed, suggesting a cooperative framework where AOB rapidly reduced bulk ammonium and comammox polished residual, low-concentration ammonia. Comparative genomic analysis further indicated that comammox possesses broader and more diverse low-temperature adaptation strategies compared to AOB. Collectively, these findings validate the MAB system as a practical and resilient technology for decentralized treatment in cold climates and provide novel insights into the future optimization of biofilm-based processes.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Biofilm system; Cold resistance strategies; Comammox; Decentralized rural wastewater; Nitrification
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Wastewater)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260527 Date Completed: 20260611 Latest Revision: 20260612
Update Code: 20260613
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.124861
PMID: 42203060
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1096-0953
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2026.124861