Academic Journal
Toward a Targeted Nutritional Strategy for Restoring PUFA Balance: Socio-Economic, Cultural and Ecologic Contexts, Biochemical Rationale, and a Conceptual Framework for Dietary Modulation.
| Τίτλος: | Toward a Targeted Nutritional Strategy for Restoring PUFA Balance: Socio-Economic, Cultural and Ecologic Contexts, Biochemical Rationale, and a Conceptual Framework for Dietary Modulation. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Suchner U; Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Klinikum Darmstadt, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany. |
| Πηγή: | Nutrients [Nutrients] 2026 May 18; Vol. 18 (10). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 18. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Fatty Acids, Omega-6*/administration & dosage , Fatty Acids, Omega-6*/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Omega-6*/adverse effects , Diet*, Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/metabolism ; Diet, Western/adverse effects ; Humans ; Animals ; Socioeconomic Factors |
| Περίληψη: | This review outlines the health risks associated with excessive dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly linoleic acid (C18:2n-6, LA), which is highly prevalent in the Western diet. It proposes a targeted nutritional strategy to reduce n-6 PUFA overconsumption and increase n-3 PUFA intake, aiming to restore a healthier fatty acid balance and counteract imbalance-induced pathogenetic consequences. The conceptual framework builds on the foundational insights of William E. M. Lands regarding PUFA-driven eicosanoid imbalance. It extends these principles by integrating contemporary models of impaired adipose tissue expandability, functional lipodystrophy, insulin resistance, and ectopic lipid deposition as central mechanisms of lipotoxicity and as unifying drivers of the modern organo-metabolic spectrum of non-communicable diseases. The proposed nutritional strategy combines dietary modifications-such as avoiding seed oils and processed foods as well as products from industrialized animal farming, while prioritizing fatty fish and/or algae-derived supplements-with lifestyle interventions and ongoing laboratory monitoring. This approach is designed to lower chronic disease risk and improve overall metabolic resilience. In addition, Western-diet-related socioeconomic issues and ecological burdens are addressed. The objective of this review is to evaluate the biochemical and clinical relevance of HUFA imbalance and to assess the potential of dietary modulation of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs as a strategy to restore metabolic homeostasis. However, further research is required to corroborate the available findings before broader implementation of the proposed strategy can be recommended. |
| References: | Endocr Dev. 2016;30:29-36. (PMID: 26683215) Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014 Dec;10(12):723-36. (PMID: 25287287) Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):92-101. (PMID: 24899309) Nutrients. 2020 Aug 24;12(9):. (PMID: 32846900) Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 02;11:627424. (PMID: 33603757) Diabetologia. 2019 Feb;62(2):223-232. (PMID: 30465066) Nutrients. 2026 Feb 13;18(4):. (PMID: 41754143) Nutr Hosp. 2018 Dec 03;35(6):1432-1440. (PMID: 30525859) Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):860-7. (PMID: 17167474) World J Hepatol. 2020 Mar 27;12(3):84-98. (PMID: 32231762) Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Dec 05;9:1075421. (PMID: 36545018) Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Jun;21(6):345-52. (PMID: 20223680) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018 Sep;136:15-21. (PMID: 28189338) J Nutr. 2003 Mar;133 Suppl 3(3):925S-932S. (PMID: 12612178) Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014 Dec;15(12):771-85. (PMID: 25387473) Prog Lipid Res. 2008 Mar;47(2):77-106. (PMID: 18177743) Am J Kidney Dis. 2024 Aug;84(2):179-194.e1. (PMID: 38423161) Immunity. 2022 Jan 11;55(1):31-55. (PMID: 35021057) Circulation. 2009 Feb 17;119(6):902-7. (PMID: 19171857) Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 12;23(2):. (PMID: 35054972) Cell. 2010 Mar 19;140(6):900-17. (PMID: 20303879) Microorganisms. 2026 Jan 07;14(1):. (PMID: 41597651) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 18;100(6):3077-82. (PMID: 12629214) Food Funct. 2021 Jan 7;12(1):30-40. (PMID: 33232407) Cells. 2021 Dec 02;10(12):. (PMID: 34943908) FASEB J. 1992 May;6(8):2530-6. (PMID: 1592205) Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Oct 23;13(21):. (PMID: 41228046) Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2015 Feb;40(2):142-54. (PMID: 25641170) Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 08;24(24):. (PMID: 38139090) Biomed Pharmacother. 2006 Nov;60(9):502-7. (PMID: 17045449) Compr Physiol. 2011 Apr;1(2):941-69. (PMID: 23737208) Diabetes Metab J. 2022 Jan;46(1):15-37. (PMID: 34965646) Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):1081-90. (PMID: 17654743) Toxicology. 2000 Nov 16;153(1-3):11-26. (PMID: 11090944) J Ren Nutr. 2025 Jul;35(4):531-538. (PMID: 40020764) Prog Lipid Res. 2014 Jul;55:17-29. (PMID: 24794260) Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2021 Apr 1;1867(4):166044. (PMID: 33378699) Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012:983814. (PMID: 22675355) Physiol Rev. 2021 Jul 1;101(3):907-993. (PMID: 33356916) Proc Nutr Soc. 2020 May 11;:1-7. (PMID: 32389149) Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 17;9(1):19298. (PMID: 31848413) Sci Rep. 2015 Jun 11;5:11276. (PMID: 26062993) Arch Intern Med. 2004 May 24;164(10):1066-76. (PMID: 15159263) Nature. 2012 Jul 5;487(7405):104-8. (PMID: 22722865) Nutr Cancer. 2018 Aug-Sep;70(6):840-850. (PMID: 30273003) Elife. 2024 Apr 05;12:. (PMID: 38578269) Adv Nutr. 2020 Sep 1;11(5):1134-1149. (PMID: 32488249) Prog Lipid Res. 2008 Sep;47(5):348-80. (PMID: 18435934) Adv Nutr. 2015 Sep 15;6(5):513-40. (PMID: 26374175) Food Funct. 2017 Apr 19;8(4):1481-1493. (PMID: 28327709) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018 Sep;136:171-176. (PMID: 28390839) BMJ. 2016 Apr 12;353:i1246. (PMID: 27071971) Front Nutr. 2023 Jun 01;10:1166702. (PMID: 37324747) Alzheimers Dement. 2015 Jan;11(1):40-50.e1-2. (PMID: 24530025) Nutrients. 2023 Jun 16;15(12):. (PMID: 37375683) Nutrients. 2025 Jun 13;17(12):. (PMID: 40573106) FASEB J. 2017 Apr;31(4):1273-1288. (PMID: 28087575) J Clin Invest. 2006 Nov;116(11):3015-25. (PMID: 17053832) J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Sep;12(8):100297. (PMID: 40695676) Am J Clin Nutr. 1964 Feb;14:70-5. (PMID: 14116434) N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 18;371(12):1131-41. (PMID: 25229917) Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012 May 24;9(1):46. (PMID: 22624598) Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Apr;196:117-134. (PMID: 30521881) Animals (Basel). 2019 Oct 08;9(10):. (PMID: 31597393) JAMA. 2026 Apr 21;335(15):1341-1350. (PMID: 41801209) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2015 Aug;99:19-23. (PMID: 26002802) J Mol Med (Berl). 2026 Feb 20;104(1):46. (PMID: 41714434) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2015 Sep;39(1 Suppl):18S-32S. (PMID: 26177664) Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023 Jan;25(1):1-17. (PMID: 36580204) Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 May;93(5):950-62. (PMID: 21367944) Curr Cardiol Rep. 2024 Nov;26(11):1297-1307. (PMID: 39235730) J Clin Invest. 2019 Oct 1;129(10):3990-4000. (PMID: 31573548) Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2017 Nov;133:4-10. (PMID: 28535956) J Hepatol. 2015 Apr;62(1 Suppl):S47-64. (PMID: 25920090) Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Jul 1;112(1):150-167. (PMID: 32020162) Nutr Res Rev. 2025 Nov 24;39:e6. (PMID: 41277237) BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020 Dec 17;20(1):524. (PMID: 33334321) Lipids. 2016 Jan;51(1):49-59. (PMID: 26526061) J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:539426. (PMID: 22570770) Mol Cell Biochem. 2024 Aug;479(8):1999-2016. (PMID: 37642880) Hepatology. 2004 Jul;40(1):185-94. (PMID: 15239102) Clin Nutr. 2023 Oct;42(10):1922-1931. (PMID: 37633021) Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 26;24(5):. (PMID: 36901998) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:383-406. (PMID: 36662586) Nature. 2002 Aug 8;418(6898):671-7. (PMID: 12167873) Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Jul 27;20(15):. (PMID: 31357643) Nutrients. 2012 Sep;4(9):1338-57. (PMID: 23112921) Agric Human Values. 2020;37(3):525-526. (PMID: 32398898) Mil Med. 2014 Nov;179(11 Suppl):76-81. (PMID: 25373089) Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Mar;69(2):125-143. (PMID: 28675945) Nutrients. 2019 Sep 23;11(10):. (PMID: 31547555) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 24;109(4):1341-6. (PMID: 22232692) Lipids Health Dis. 2024 Sep 12;23(1):296. (PMID: 39267068) Nutrients. 2023 Jul 13;15(14):. (PMID: 37513547) Cell Metab. 2014 Nov 4;20(5):787-798. (PMID: 25444678) Endocr Rev. 2021 Jan 28;42(1):1-28. (PMID: 33150398) Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Jul 1;112(1):3-4. (PMID: 32511681) Br J Nutr. 2024 Oct 28;132(8):1039-1050. (PMID: 39475012) Biomolecules. 2020 Jul 31;10(8):. (PMID: 32751983) Nutrients. 2024 Dec 11;16(24):. (PMID: 39770894) Steroids. 2012 Mar 10;77(4):300-5. (PMID: 22178787) Mol Metab. 2021 May;47:101169. (PMID: 33484951) Nutr Res. 2013 Oct;33(10):849-58. (PMID: 24074743) Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jan 03;12:803189. (PMID: 35046902) Lancet. 1999 Aug 7;354(9177):447-55. (PMID: 10465168) Int J Cardiol. 2013 Dec 20;170(2 Suppl 1):S3-7. (PMID: 23871631) Nutrients. 2014 Feb 21;6(2):799-814. (PMID: 24566438) PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e24066. (PMID: 21887374) Immunotargets Ther. 2016 May 23;5:47-56. (PMID: 27529061) J Lipids. 2021 Mar 17;2021:8848161. (PMID: 33815845) Diabetes. 2007 Jul;56(7):1761-72. (PMID: 17456850) Hormones (Athens). 2021 Dec;20(4):697-706. (PMID: 33123975) Circulation. 2002 Nov 19;106(21):2747-57. (PMID: 12438303) Mar Drugs. 2014 Dec 18;12(12):6190-212. (PMID: 25528960) Diabetes Care. 2018 Aug;41(8):1732-1739. (PMID: 29844096) J Adv Res. 2026 Feb 10;:. (PMID: 41679602) Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Mar 29;16(1):65. (PMID: 28356106) FAO Food Nutr Pap. 2010;91:1-166. (PMID: 21812367) Cell Metab. 2016 Jul 12;24(1):41-50. (PMID: 27320064) Nutrients. 2024 Sep 03;16(17):. (PMID: 39275277) Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019 Sep;7(9):715-725. (PMID: 31301983) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010 Dec;30(12):2487-94. (PMID: 20705919) BMC Med. 2019 Mar 14;17(1):61. (PMID: 30866921) J Nutr. 2024 Sep;154(9):2862-2870. (PMID: 39025329) Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jun;83(6 Suppl):1483S-1493S. (PMID: 16841858) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011 Mar;14(2):115-20. (PMID: 21178610) Front Plant Sci. 2021 Mar 08;12:653997. (PMID: 33763103) Obes Facts. 2018;11(4):344-353. (PMID: 30092569) Healthcare (Basel). 2017 May 20;5(2):. (PMID: 28531128) Nutr Health. 2009;20(2):79-89. (PMID: 19835105) Cureus. 2026 Jan 1;18(1):e100590. (PMID: 41635389) Science. 2015 Jan 23;347(6220):377-8. (PMID: 25613879) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 May 17;107(6):1714-1726. (PMID: 35137140) Nutrients. 2020 Aug 04;12(8):. (PMID: 32759714) Essays Biochem. 2020 Sep 23;64(3):423-441. (PMID: 32808658) Prog Lipid Res. 2016 Jul;63:132-52. (PMID: 27216485) BMJ. 2013 Feb 04;346:e8707. (PMID: 23386268) Cell. 2012 Mar 2;148(5):852-71. (PMID: 22385956) Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jul;24(7):1267-1276. (PMID: 35297549) Food Funct. 2011 Nov;2(11):644-8. (PMID: 22008843) J Hepatol. 2007 Nov;47(5):718-25. (PMID: 17869370) Neth Heart J. 2023 Nov;31(11):415-423. (PMID: 36795219) Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005 Dec;1055:179-92. (PMID: 16387724) Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Sep 1;33(5):620-6. (PMID: 12208348) J Am Heart Assoc. 2026 Jan 20;15(2):e046079. (PMID: 41532525) Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Feb 25;17(1):72. (PMID: 40001222) Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019 Jan 25;12:191-198. (PMID: 30774404) Nutrients. 2010 Mar;2(3):355-374. (PMID: 22254027) Int J Epidemiol. 2025 Jun 11;54(4):. (PMID: 40550517) J Intern Med. 1994 Sep;236(3):331-40. (PMID: 8077891) Biomedicines. 2023 Sep 17;11(9):. (PMID: 37760994) Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017 Jun;13(6):338-351. (PMID: 28232667) Life (Basel). 2025 Nov 25;15(12):. (PMID: 41465744) Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;95(5):1003-12. (PMID: 22492369) Nature. 2019 Dec;576(7785):51-60. (PMID: 31802013) J Lipid Res. 2016 Dec;57(12):2099-2114. (PMID: 27330055) J Lipid Res. 1966 Jan;7(1):103-11. (PMID: 5900208) Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2015 Oct;11(10):577-91. (PMID: 26260141) Am J Kidney Dis. 2013 Sep;62(3):568-76. (PMID: 23602192) Diabetes. 2006 Jun;55(6):1537-45. (PMID: 16731815) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: disease; health; linoleic acid; omega-3; omega-6; seed oil |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-6) 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260527 Date Completed: 20260717 Latest Revision: 20260813 |
| Update Code: | 20260813 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13209225 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu18101600 |
| PMID: | 42197060 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
καταχωρήστε σχόλιο πρώτοι!