Academic Journal
Resetting substrate loading enables recovery of inhibited anammox granular reactors through energy-associated response.
| Τίτλος: | Resetting substrate loading enables recovery of inhibited anammox granular reactors through energy-associated response. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Zhang X; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China., Jie C; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China., Zhuang JL; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: zhuangjl@usts.edu.cn., Wang HJ; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China., Liu YD; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China., Huang TY; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China., Qian FY; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China., Wang ZY; State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China., Zhao YX; State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China., Shapleigh JP; Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA., Li W; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA. Electronic address: weili29@asu.edu. |
| Πηγή: | Bioresource technology [Bioresour Technol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 457, pp. 134982. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 25. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9889523 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-2976 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09608524 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Bioresour Technol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Barking, Essex, England : New York, N.Y. : Elsevier Applied Science ; Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1991- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Bioreactors*/microbiology , Ammonium Compounds*/metabolism , Energy Metabolism* , Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation*, Bacteria/metabolism ; Bacteria/genetics ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Nitrites |
| Περίληψη: | Substrate inhibition remains a critical bottleneck for the stable operation and recovery of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactors. Although reducing influent substrate concentrations is the most commonly adopted recovery strategy, the appropriate reset point for restarting an inhibited reactor remains poorly understood. Here, using a continuous substrate-inhibited anammox granular reactor as a model system, we showed that severe inhibition occurred at influent ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 400 and 480 mg·L-1, respectively. Notably, reducing the influent concentrations to 300 and 360 mg·L-1, which had previously sustained stable high-rate nitrogen removal, was insufficient to restore reactor performance. Successful recovery was only achieved after further decreasing the influent concentrations to 150 and 180 mg·L-1, respectively. Metatranscriptomic and genome-resolved analyses showed that the dominant anammox bacterium, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis (AMX1), remained in a state of energy-metabolism dysregulation under substrate inhibition, as evidenced by significant upregulation of hydrazine dehydrogenase (hdh; log (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Adenylate energy charge; Bioenergetic stress; Metatranscriptomics; Reactor restart |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Ammonium Compounds) 0 (Nitrites) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260526 Date Completed: 20260612 Latest Revision: 20260612 |
| Update Code: | 20260613 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134982 |
| PMID: | 42190967 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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| Header | DbId: cmedm DbLabel: MEDLINE An: 42190967 AccessLevel: 3 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Resetting substrate loading enables recovery of inhibited anammox granular reactors through energy-associated response. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+X%22">Zhang X</searchLink>; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jie+C%22">Jie C</searchLink>; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhuang+JL%22">Zhuang JL</searchLink>; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: zhuangjl@usts.edu.cn.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+HJ%22">Wang HJ</searchLink>; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+YD%22">Liu YD</searchLink>; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+TY%22">Huang TY</searchLink>; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Qian+FY%22">Qian FY</searchLink>; Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Water Resilient Cities, Suzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+ZY%22">Wang ZY</searchLink>; State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhao+YX%22">Zhao YX</searchLink>; State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shapleigh+JP%22">Shapleigh JP</searchLink>; Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+W%22">Li W</searchLink>; National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA. Electronic address: weili29@asu.edu. – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229889523%22">Bioresource technology</searchLink> [Bioresour Technol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 457, pp. 134982. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 25. – Name: TypePub Label: Publication Type Group: TypPub Data: Journal Article – Name: Language Label: Language Group: Lang Data: English – Name: TitleSource Label: Journal Info Group: Src Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier+Applied+Science%22">Elsevier Applied Science </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>9889523 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1873-2976 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2209608524%22">09608524 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Bioresour Technol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE – Name: PublisherInfo Label: Imprint Name(s) Group: PubInfo Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Barking, Essex, England : New York, N.Y. : Elsevier Applied Science ; Elsevier Science Pub. Co., 1991- – Name: SubjectMESH Label: MeSH Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bioreactors%22">Bioreactors*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bioreactors+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ammonium+Compounds%22">Ammonium Compounds*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Ammonium+Compounds+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Energy+Metabolism%22">Energy Metabolism*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Anaerobic+Ammonia+Oxidation%22">Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacteria%22">Bacteria</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacteria+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacteria%22">Bacteria</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacteria+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Oxidation-Reduction%22">Oxidation-Reduction</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Nitrites%22">Nitrites</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Substrate inhibition remains a critical bottleneck for the stable operation and recovery of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) reactors. Although reducing influent substrate concentrations is the most commonly adopted recovery strategy, the appropriate reset point for restarting an inhibited reactor remains poorly understood. Here, using a continuous substrate-inhibited anammox granular reactor as a model system, we showed that severe inhibition occurred at influent ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 400 and 480 mg·L<superscript>-1</superscript>, respectively. Notably, reducing the influent concentrations to 300 and 360 mg·L<superscript>-1</superscript>, which had previously sustained stable high-rate nitrogen removal, was insufficient to restore reactor performance. Successful recovery was only achieved after further decreasing the influent concentrations to 150 and 180 mg·L<superscript>-1</superscript>, respectively. Metatranscriptomic and genome-resolved analyses showed that the dominant anammox bacterium, Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis (AMX1), remained in a state of energy-metabolism dysregulation under substrate inhibition, as evidenced by significant upregulation of hydrazine dehydrogenase (hdh; log<subscript>2</subscript>FC = 1.78) and a markedly increased hydrazine dehydrogenase-to-hydrazine synthase subunit A (hdh/hzsA) ratio. Altered expression of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain genes, together with adenylate energy charge measurements, further demonstrated that substrate inhibition trapped anammox bacteria in a low-energy state. By integrating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, specific anammox activity, and substrate concentrations, we found that substrate inhibition caused a decoupling between substrate concentration and anammox activity. Overall, this study establishes a practical and reliable strategy for recovering substrate-inhibited continuous-flow anammox granular reactors dominated by Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis and provides mechanistic insight into the energy-dependent basis of the reset point.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) – Name: Abstract Label: Competing Interests Group: Ab Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. – Name: SubjectMinor Label: Contributed Indexing Group: Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Adenylate energy charge; Bioenergetic stress; Metatranscriptomics; Reactor restart – Name: NumberCAS Label: Substance Nomenclature Group: ID Data: 0 (Ammonium Compounds)<br />0 (Nitrites) – Name: DateEntry Label: Entry Date(s) Group: Date Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260526 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260612 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260612 – Name: DateUpdate Label: Update Code Group: Date Data: 20260613 – Name: DOI Label: DOI Group: ID Data: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134982 – Name: AN Label: PMID Group: ID Data: 42190967 |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.biortech.2026.134982 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: StartPage: 134982 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Bacteria metabolism Type: general – SubjectFull: Bacteria genetics Type: general – SubjectFull: Oxidation-Reduction Type: general – SubjectFull: Nitrites Type: general – SubjectFull: Bioreactors microbiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Ammonium Compounds metabolism Type: general – SubjectFull: Energy Metabolism Type: general – SubjectFull: Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Resetting substrate loading enables recovery of inhibited anammox granular reactors through energy-associated response. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhang X – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jie C – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhuang JL – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wang HJ – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Liu YD – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Huang TY – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Qian FY – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wang ZY – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhao YX – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Shapleigh JP – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Li W IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 10 Text: 2026 Oct Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-electronic Value: 1873-2976 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 457 Titles: – TitleFull: Bioresource technology Type: main |
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