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Rural-Urban Differences in the Incorporation of Workforce Planning and Development in the Strategic Planning Process of US Hospitals.

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Τίτλος: Rural-Urban Differences in the Incorporation of Workforce Planning and Development in the Strategic Planning Process of US Hospitals.
Συγγραφείς: Apenteng BA; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Opoku ST; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Anokye-Mensah S; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Puobebe C; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Boakye KG; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Department of Information Systems and Analytics, Parker College of Business, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Kimsey L; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Peden AH; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA., Owens CF; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.
Πηγή: The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association [J Rural Health] 2026 Mar; Vol. 42 (2), pp. e70168.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8508122 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1748-0361 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0890765X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Rural Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: [Oxford, Eng.] : Blackwell
Original Publication: [Burlington, Vt.?] : Journal of Rural Health, c1985-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Hospitals, Rural*/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Rural*/organization & administration , Health Workforce*/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, Urban*/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population*/statistics & numerical data , Strategic Planning*, Humans ; United States ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Περίληψη: Background: The effectiveness of healthcare systems relies on how well workforce planning and development strategies align with organizational goals, given the detrimental impact of workforce shortages on patient safety and healthcare quality. This study examines the determinants and rural-urban differences in the integration of workforce planning and development into strategic planning in US hospitals.
Methods: Data for this study were obtained from the 2022 American Hospital Association Annual Survey and the 2021 Medicare Hospital Cost Report. The study outcome was measured with a composite score, calculated as the count of workforce planning and development activities incorporated into strategic planning. A Poisson regression analysis was conducted to identify the determinants of strategically aligned workforce planning and development, and to assess rural-urban differences.
Results: Of the 2749 hospitals analyzed, most were urban, non-profit, and system-affiliated, with an average of 170 beds. Factors such as system affiliation and organizational size were positively linked to the incorporation of workforce planning into hospitals' strategic planning efforts. Conversely, for-profit ownership, critical access hospitals, and locations in the South were associated with less integration of workforce planning and development into strategic planning.
Conclusion: Structural, institutional, and regional factors may influence the extent to which hospitals incorporate workforce planning and development in their strategic planning processes. Efforts to align workforce planning and development with strategic planning across US hospitals may require interventions to enhance institutional capacity and foster a culture of long-term planning for sustainability.
(© 2026 National Rural Health Association.)
References: Nurs Adm Q. 2012 Oct-Dec;36(4):362-71. (PMID: 22955225)
Hum Resour Health. 2015 May 24;13:38. (PMID: 26003337)
Med Care Res Rev. 2023 Aug;80(4):355-371. (PMID: 36637023)
Health Care Manag Sci. 2020 Mar;23(1):80-101. (PMID: 30790146)
Health Equity. 2023 Nov 27;7(1):753-760. (PMID: 38076223)
N C Med J. 2016 Mar-Apr;77(2):99-101. (PMID: 26961829)
Am J Med Qual. 2018 May/Jun;33(3):229-236. (PMID: 29183169)
Hum Resour Health. 2020 Feb 6;18(1):8. (PMID: 32029001)
Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2014;27(7):562-72. (PMID: 25252562)
Health Care Manag Sci. 2016 Jun;19(2):130-43. (PMID: 25304876)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: barriers; facilitators; hospitals; organizational sustainability; rural hospitals; rural–urban differences; strategic alignment; strategic planning; technical assistance; workforce planning and development
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260521 Date Completed: 20260717 Latest Revision: 20260819
Update Code: 20260819
PubMed Central ID: PMC13479036
DOI: 10.1111/jrh.70168
PMID: 42163775
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Rural-Urban Differences in the Incorporation of Workforce Planning and Development in the Strategic Planning Process of US Hospitals.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Apenteng+BA%22">Apenteng BA</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Opoku+ST%22">Opoku ST</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Anokye-Mensah+S%22">Anokye-Mensah S</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Puobebe+C%22">Puobebe C</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Boakye+KG%22">Boakye KG</searchLink>; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Department of Information Systems and Analytics, Parker College of Business, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kimsey+L%22">Kimsey L</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Peden+AH%22">Peden AH</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Owens+CF%22">Owens CF</searchLink>; Department of Health Policy and Community Health, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.; Center for Rural and Public Health Practice and Research, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, USA.
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  Data: Background: The effectiveness of healthcare systems relies on how well workforce planning and development strategies align with organizational goals, given the detrimental impact of workforce shortages on patient safety and healthcare quality. This study examines the determinants and rural-urban differences in the integration of workforce planning and development into strategic planning in US hospitals.<br />Methods: Data for this study were obtained from the 2022 American Hospital Association Annual Survey and the 2021 Medicare Hospital Cost Report. The study outcome was measured with a composite score, calculated as the count of workforce planning and development activities incorporated into strategic planning. A Poisson regression analysis was conducted to identify the determinants of strategically aligned workforce planning and development, and to assess rural-urban differences.<br />Results: Of the 2749 hospitals analyzed, most were urban, non-profit, and system-affiliated, with an average of 170 beds. Factors such as system affiliation and organizational size were positively linked to the incorporation of workforce planning into hospitals' strategic planning efforts. Conversely, for-profit ownership, critical access hospitals, and locations in the South were associated with less integration of workforce planning and development into strategic planning.<br />Conclusion: Structural, institutional, and regional factors may influence the extent to which hospitals incorporate workforce planning and development in their strategic planning processes. Efforts to align workforce planning and development with strategic planning across US hospitals may require interventions to enhance institutional capacity and foster a culture of long-term planning for sustainability.<br /> (© 2026 National Rural Health Association.)
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  Data: Nurs Adm Q. 2012 Oct-Dec;36(4):362-71. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222955225%22">22955225)</searchLink><br />Hum Resour Health. 2015 May 24;13:38. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226003337%22">26003337)</searchLink><br />Med Care Res Rev. 2023 Aug;80(4):355-371. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236637023%22">36637023)</searchLink><br />Health Care Manag Sci. 2020 Mar;23(1):80-101. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230790146%22">30790146)</searchLink><br />Health Equity. 2023 Nov 27;7(1):753-760. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238076223%22">38076223)</searchLink><br />N C Med J. 2016 Mar-Apr;77(2):99-101. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226961829%22">26961829)</searchLink><br />Am J Med Qual. 2018 May/Jun;33(3):229-236. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229183169%22">29183169)</searchLink><br />Hum Resour Health. 2020 Feb 6;18(1):8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232029001%22">32029001)</searchLink><br />Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2014;27(7):562-72. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225252562%22">25252562)</searchLink><br />Health Care Manag Sci. 2016 Jun;19(2):130-43. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225304876%22">25304876)</searchLink>
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