Oil-in-water nanoemulsification of peppermint oil enhances its antibacterial and antibiofilm activity.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Oil-in-water nanoemulsification of peppermint oil enhances its antibacterial and antibiofilm activity.
Συγγραφείς: Dhiman R; Nanobiology Laboratory, Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India., Kaur H; Nanobiology Laboratory, Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India., Thakur A; Nanobiology Laboratory, Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India., Pal PK; Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India., Yadav SK; Nanobiology Laboratory, Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India., Acharya A; Nanobiology Laboratory, Fermentation and Phytofarming Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P., 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. Electronic address: amitabhachem@gmail.com.
Πηγή: Microbial pathogenesis [Microb Pathog] 2026 Aug; Vol. 217, pp. 108568. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 19.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Academic Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8606191 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-1208 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08824010 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microb Pathog Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: London ; Orlando : Academic Press, c1986-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Biofilms*/drug effects , Plant Oils*/pharmacology , Plant Oils*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Oils, Volatile*/pharmacology , Oils, Volatile*/chemistry, Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Mentha piperita/chemistry ; Emulsions/chemistry ; Emulsions/pharmacology ; Water/chemistry ; Surface-Active Agents/chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Περίληψη: Peppermint essential oil (PEO) exhibits broad antimicrobial activity but suffers from poor aqueous dispersibility, volatility, and limited physicochemical stability. To overcome these limitations, an oil-in-water peppermint essential oil nanoemulsion (PEONE) was formulated using Brij®58 and Span®80 surfactants via careful optimization of ultrasonication technology that resulted development of spherical droplets of ∼40 ± 9 nm. The formulation was found to be stable for ∼28 days and exhibited negligible coalescence and Ostwald ripening and a low creaming index (∼1.42-2%) over 60 days. PEONE exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial activity compared to native PEO, with MIC50 values of ∼18.22 μL/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and ∼35.55 μL/mL against Escherichia coli, corresponding to ∼2.4 and ∼3.3-fold higher efficacy, respectively. PEONE also showed potent antibiofilm activity, eradicating mature biofilms (MBEC50 ∼333 μL/mL for S. aureus and ∼300.7 μL/mL for E. coli). In practical assays, PEONE spray reduced surface bacterial loads by ∼83% (for S. aureus) and ∼48% (for E. coli), outperforming a commercial sanitizer, and decreased bacterial adhesion via enhanced surface hydrophilicity (contact angle reduced from ∼80° to ∼50°). These results support PEONE as a robust plant-based antimicrobial formulation for hygiene and biomedical surface/device applications.
(Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dr. Amitabha Acharya reports financial support was provided by India Ministry of Science & Technology Department of Biotechnology. Amitabha Acharya has patent #Antibacterial cream formulation comprising Mentha Oil Nanoemulsion and Cellulose Nanocrystals and a method of preparation thereof”. Patent Application No. 202511008627 pending to Not Applicable. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Antibiofilm coating agent; Mentha piperita; Nanoemulsion; Peppermint essential oil
Substance Nomenclature: AV092KU4JH (peppermint oil)
0 (Plant Oils)
0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
0 (Emulsions)
0 (Oils, Volatile)
059QF0KO0R (Water)
0 (Surface-Active Agents)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260520 Date Completed: 20260617 Latest Revision: 20260617
Update Code: 20260618
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2026.108568
PMID: 42162845
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE