Academic Journal
Technophobia and computer anxiety in older adults: a systematic review of the influencing factors.
| Τίτλος: | Technophobia and computer anxiety in older adults: a systematic review of the influencing factors. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Kiani S; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Pirzadeh N; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Instructor of Aging Health, School of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran.; Student Research Committee , Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abasi S; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Yazdani A; Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. a_yazdani@sums.ac.ir.; Clinical Education Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. a_yazdani@sums.ac.ir.; Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. a_yazdani@sums.ac.ir. |
| Πηγή: | BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2026 May 11; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 11. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Systematic Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968562 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2458 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712458 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Anxiety*/psychology , Phobic Disorders*/psychology , Attitude to Computers*, Humans ; Aged |
| Περίληψη: | Introduction: New technologies are crucial in empowering seniors to overcome disabilities. However, there is a prevalent fear of technology among many older adults, known as technophobia. Understanding the barriers that hinder older adults from embracing new technology can significantly improve their overall health and well-being. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to explore existing studies on technophobia and computer anxiety among older adults to identify effective factors contributing to technophobia. Methods: A literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic review was performed across six electronic databases (MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) with no time limit until October 2025. Studies on technophobia or computer anxiety in older adults were included, and studies that focused solely on the digital divide were excluded to maintain a specific focus on technophobia. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed via the Newcastle‒Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS), Guidelines for Reporting Evidence-Based Teaching and Learning Interventions (GREET), and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Results: The search initially identified 2,642 records, 21 of which met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that nine studies (42.9%) specifically assessed technophobia with standardized instruments, whereas six studies (28.6%) focused primarily on computer-related technophobia. Additionally, eight studies (38.1%) examined the role of self-efficacy in relation to technology acceptance among older adults. Educational interventions (reported in 33.3% of studies) reduced fear of technology (with reductions ranging from 12.7% to 46.6%) and increased self-efficacy (from 27.8% to 73.7%). Social support (14.3%) indirectly mitigated fear of technology through improvements in self-efficacy and eHealth literacy. The key demographic factors linked to higher levels of technophobia included older age (28.6%), lower educational attainment (23.8%), and lower income (14.3%). Overall, this synthesis underscores the importance of multifaceted strategies that address the psychological, educational, and social dimensions underlying technophobia in older adults. Conclusion: This review revealed that technophobia in older adults can be reduced by educational interventions, self-efficacy, and social support. We recommend age-friendly design standards, digital skills training, and usability testing with older adults. Future research should target emerging technologies, standardized tools, and longitudinal studies. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Institutional Review Board), with the approval code IR.SUMS.NUMIMG.REC.1401.075 (approval number 25851). Further information is available at: https://ethics.research.ac.ir/ProposalCertificateEn.php?id=290382&Print=true&NoPrintHeader=true&NoPrintFooter=true&NoPrintPageBorder=true&LetterPrint=true Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | 25851 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Computer anxiety; Computer trust; Older adults; Technophobia |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260512 Date Completed: 20260705 Latest Revision: 20260726 |
| Update Code: | 20260726 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13335241 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12889-026-27337-w |
| PMID: | 42116013 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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