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Neutralizing epitope mapping for deltacoronavirus receptor-binding domain and seroepidemiological survey across different animal species.

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Τίτλος: Neutralizing epitope mapping for deltacoronavirus receptor-binding domain and seroepidemiological survey across different animal species.
Συγγραφείς: Li D; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Hao L; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China., Huang B; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China., Wang Z; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China., Wang Z; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China., Guo M; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China., Zhang Y; National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China., Deng J; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China., Li Y; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China., Zhao S; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China., Tian K; National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China., Li X; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Interdisciplinary Center for Zoonoses and Biosafety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.
Πηγή: Virulence [Virulence] 2026 Dec 31; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 2668161. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 07.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Taylor & Francis Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101531386 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2150-5608 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21505594 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Virulence Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2015- : Philadelphia, PA : Taylor & Francis
Original Publication: Austin, Tex. : Landes Bioscience
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Deltacoronavirus*/immunology , Deltacoronavirus*/genetics , Antibodies, Neutralizing*/immunology , Swine Diseases*/virology , Swine Diseases*/epidemiology , Swine Diseases*/immunology , Coronavirus Infections*/veterinary , Coronavirus Infections*/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections*/virology , Coronavirus Infections*/immunology , Receptors, Virus*/immunology , Receptors, Virus*/metabolism , Epitope Mapping*, Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Epitopes/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods ; Animals ; Swine ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Neutralization Tests
Περίληψη: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global swine industry and carries a potential public health risk. The development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is crucial for preventing and controlling PDCoV. However, research on neutralizing linear epitopes within the PDCoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the establishment of serological assays based on such mAbs remains limited. In this study, we generated two neutralizing mAbs, 1C12 and 3A11, targeting the PDCoV RBD. Epitope mapping revealed that 1C12 recognizes a linear epitope (316DFGEARLD323), whereas 3A11 binds to a conformational epitope. Further residue analysis identified Arg321 as the most critical residue for binding to 1C12. Additionally, the integrity of the entire 321RLD323 motif was found to be indispensable for the conformational recognition by mAb 3A11. Using these mAbs, we developed two blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) methods (bELISA-1C12 and bELISA-3A11). Evaluation of 150 clinical samples demonstrated that bELISA-1C12 exhibited 93.3% concordance with a virus neutralization test (VNT), indicating higher diagnostic sensitivity than bELISA-3A11 (92.7%). A large-scale serosurvey of pig populations across ten Chinese provinces in 2025, conducted using bELISA-1C12, revealed a PDCoV seropositivity rate of 13.6%. Notably, when extending the serological screening to 21 additional animal species, we detected PDCoV antibodies in peafowl serum for the first time, suggesting possible exposure to the virus. This study identifies key antigenic epitopes on the PDCoV RBD and provides valuable tools for epidemiological surveillance and assessing the transmission risk of PDCoV.
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Cancer. 1950 Jan;3(1):32-5. (PMID: 15405679)
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Porcine deltacoronavirus; blocking ELISA; monoclonal antibody; neutralizing epitope
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
0 (Antibodies, Viral)
0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)
0 (Epitopes)
0 (Receptors, Virus)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260507 Date Completed: 20260716 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260813
PubMed Central ID: PMC13166184
DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2026.2668161
PMID: 42093621
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Neutralizing epitope mapping for deltacoronavirus receptor-binding domain and seroepidemiological survey across different animal species.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+D%22">Li D</searchLink>; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hao+L%22">Hao L</searchLink>; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+B%22">Huang B</searchLink>; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+Z%22">Wang Z</searchLink>; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+Z%22">Wang Z</searchLink>; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Guo+M%22">Guo M</searchLink>; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.; School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+Y%22">Zhang Y</searchLink>; National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Deng+J%22">Deng J</searchLink>; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+Y%22">Li Y</searchLink>; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhao+S%22">Zhao S</searchLink>; Luoyang Putai Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tian+K%22">Tian K</searchLink>; National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine, Luoyang, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+X%22">Li X</searchLink>; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Interdisciplinary Center for Zoonoses and Biosafety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101531386%22">Virulence</searchLink> [Virulence] 2026 Dec 31; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 2668161. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 07.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Taylor+%26+Francis%22">Taylor & Francis </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>101531386 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>2150-5608 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2221505594%22">21505594 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Virulence <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: 2015- : Philadelphia, PA : Taylor & Francis<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Austin, Tex. : Landes Bioscience
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Deltacoronavirus%22">Deltacoronavirus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Deltacoronavirus+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Deltacoronavirus%22">Deltacoronavirus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Deltacoronavirus+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Neutralizing%22">Antibodies, Neutralizing*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Neutralizing+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases%22">Swine Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases+virology%22">virology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases%22">Swine Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases%22">Swine Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Swine+Diseases+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections%22">Coronavirus Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections%22">Coronavirus Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections%22">Coronavirus Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections+virology%22">virology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections%22">Coronavirus Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Coronavirus+Infections+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Virus%22">Receptors, Virus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Virus+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Virus%22">Receptors, Virus*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Receptors%2C+Virus+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Epitope+Mapping%22">Epitope Mapping*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Monoclonal%22">Antibodies, Monoclonal</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Monoclonal+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Viral%22">Antibodies, Viral</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Viral+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Viral%22">Antibodies, Viral</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Antibodies%2C+Viral+blood%22">blood</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Epitopes%22">Epitopes</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Epitopes+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Enzyme-Linked+Immunosorbent+Assay%22">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Enzyme-Linked+Immunosorbent+Assay+methods%22">methods</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Swine%22">Swine</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Seroepidemiologic+Studies%22">Seroepidemiologic Studies</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Neutralization+Tests%22">Neutralization Tests</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging enteric pathogen that poses a significant threat to the global swine industry and carries a potential public health risk. The development of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is crucial for preventing and controlling PDCoV. However, research on neutralizing linear epitopes within the PDCoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the establishment of serological assays based on such mAbs remains limited. In this study, we generated two neutralizing mAbs, 1C12 and 3A11, targeting the PDCoV RBD. Epitope mapping revealed that 1C12 recognizes a linear epitope (<superscript>316</superscript>DFGEARLD<superscript>323</superscript>), whereas 3A11 binds to a conformational epitope. Further residue analysis identified Arg321 as the most critical residue for binding to 1C12. Additionally, the integrity of the entire <superscript>321</superscript>RLD<superscript>323</superscript> motif was found to be indispensable for the conformational recognition by mAb 3A11. Using these mAbs, we developed two blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) methods (bELISA-1C12 and bELISA-3A11). Evaluation of 150 clinical samples demonstrated that bELISA-1C12 exhibited 93.3% concordance with a virus neutralization test (VNT), indicating higher diagnostic sensitivity than bELISA-3A11 (92.7%). A large-scale serosurvey of pig populations across ten Chinese provinces in 2025, conducted using bELISA-1C12, revealed a PDCoV seropositivity rate of 13.6%. Notably, when extending the serological screening to 21 additional animal species, we detected PDCoV antibodies in peafowl serum for the first time, suggesting possible exposure to the virus. This study identifies key antigenic epitopes on the PDCoV RBD and provides valuable tools for epidemiological surveillance and assessing the transmission risk of PDCoV.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Porcine deltacoronavirus; blocking ELISA; monoclonal antibody; neutralizing epitope
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  Data: 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)<br />0 (Antibodies, Viral)<br />0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)<br />0 (Epitopes)<br />0 (Receptors, Virus)
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        Value: 10.1080/21505594.2026.2668161
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Antibodies, Viral immunology
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      – SubjectFull: Antibodies, Viral blood
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      – SubjectFull: Epitopes immunology
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      – SubjectFull: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay methods
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      – SubjectFull: Swine
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      – SubjectFull: Seroepidemiologic Studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neutralization Tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deltacoronavirus immunology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deltacoronavirus genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Swine Diseases virology
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      – SubjectFull: Swine Diseases epidemiology
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      – SubjectFull: Swine Diseases immunology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Coronavirus Infections veterinary
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      – SubjectFull: Coronavirus Infections epidemiology
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      – SubjectFull: Coronavirus Infections virology
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      – SubjectFull: Coronavirus Infections immunology
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      – SubjectFull: Receptors, Virus immunology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Receptors, Virus metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Epitope Mapping
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Neutralizing epitope mapping for deltacoronavirus receptor-binding domain and seroepidemiological survey across different animal species.
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            – D: 31
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              Text: 2026 Dec 31
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 2150-5608
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            – Type: issue
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