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Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized controlled triple-blind trial.

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Τίτλος: Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized controlled triple-blind trial.
Συγγραφείς: Trojak B; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.; INSERM U1093, UFR STAPS, Université Bourgogne Europe, Dijon, France., Sauvaget A; Mouvement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France., El Hage W; CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France.; UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France., Wallenhorst T; Service de Psychiatrie Adultes et Addictologie, CH Semur-en-Auxois, Semur-en-Auxois, France., Rolland B; Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Hospices Civils de Lyon, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon France unité PSR2, CRNL, UMR 5292 CNRS/1028 INSERM - Université Lyon 1, Bron, France., Nubukpo P; Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Université de Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT, Limoges, France.; Pôle universitaire de de psychiatrie adultes et addictologie (PUP3A), Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France., Harika-Germaneau G; CeRCA, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Université de Tours, Poitiers, France.; Unité de Recherche Clinique Pierre Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France., Szekely D; Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco., Giustiniani J; UMR INSERM 1322 LINC, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France., Auriacombe M; SANPSY, CNRS UMR 6033, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.; Pôle Inter-Établissement d'Addictologie, CHU Bordeaux et CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France., Brousse G; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte et d'Addictologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand CNRS, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Guillaume S; Service Urgence et Post-Urgence Psychiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHRU, Montpellier, France., Bubrovszky M; Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Santé Mentale et Psychiatrie, Hauts-de-France, France.; Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale de l'Agglomération Lilloise, St André-lez-Lille, France., Petit B; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France., Cabelguen C; Addiction Medicine and Psychiatry Department, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France., El Ayoubi H; CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France., Rankin S; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France., Soudry-Faure A; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France., Goueslard K; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France., Demina A; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.; INSERM U1093, UFR STAPS, Université Bourgogne Europe, Dijon, France.
Πηγή: Addiction (Abingdon, England) [Addiction] 2026 Aug; Vol. 121 (8), pp. 2141-2153. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 06.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Multicenter Study
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9304118 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1360-0443 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09652140 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Addiction Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK : Carfax Pub. Co., c1993-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/methods , Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/adverse effects , Alcoholism*/therapy, Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Treatment Outcome ; Adult ; France ; Craving
Περίληψη: Background and Aims: Current treatment options for alcohol use disorder are limited. Transcranial direct current stimulation has been proposed as a therapeutic approach, but evidence remains scarce. This study aimed to compare active vs. sham transcranial direct current stimulation to evaluate its efficacy and safety in reducing alcohol consumption in a large sample of individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Design: REDSTIM is a triple-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial that was conducted from October 2015 to January 2022. Participants were followed up every 4 weeks for 24 weeks.
Setting: Fourteen sites in France and Monaco.
Participants: 356 adult outpatients with alcohol use disorder were assessed for eligibility, and 337 were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive active or sham stimulation. At baseline, the randomized participants were primarily male (60.5%) with an average age of 51.3 ± 11.3 years.
Intervention and Comparator: Two daily stimulation sessions (anode F4, cathode F3, 2 mA) delivered over five consecutive days vs. sham stimulation. Direct currents were applied via a pair of 0.9% NaCl-soaked surface sponge electrodes (25 cm2). In the sham stimulation group, the initial ramp-up time of 15 s (also up to 2 mA) was immediately followed by a ramp down phase of 30 seconds.
Measurements: The co-primary outcomes were the change in the number of heavy drinking days (HDD) and total alcohol consumption (TAC) over the follow-up period. Exploratory secondary outcomes included alcohol craving, clinical and biological improvements, quality-of-life, mood, cognitive and safety assessments.
Findings: Over 24 weeks of follow-up, vs. sham, the active stimulation group reported statistically significant reductions in the number of HDD [-2.45 HDD/4 weeks, 97.5% confidence interval (CI) = -4.86 to -0.05, P = 0.022]. The reduction in TAC was not statistically significant (-5.96 g/day, 97.5% CI = -15.18 to 3.26, P = 0.147). The interpretation of these findings should take into account the proportion of missing data related to alcohol diary completeness and losses to follow-up. For secondary outcomes at 24 weeks, vs. sham, craving assessments were lower in the stimulation group (-0.36 95% CI = -0.65 to -0.07, P = 0.016), as were carbohydrate deficient transferrin levels (-0.33 95% CI = -0.65 to -0.01, P = 0.045). In the active vs. sham stimulation group, 69 (41.1%) and 62 participants (36.7%) experienced one or more adverse effects, resulting in 6 dropouts.
Conclusions: Among adult outpatients with alcohol use disorder, active transcranial direct current stimulation resulted in a modest but sustained reduction in heavy drinking days over 24 weeks, while no statistically significant effect was observed for total alcohol consumption. The intervention was well tolerated.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.)
References: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016 Dec;26(12):1941-1949. (PMID: 27842940)
Addiction. 2026 Aug;121(8):2141-2153. (PMID: 42091052)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015 Sep;39(9):1557-70. (PMID: 26250333)
Drug Alcohol Depend Rep. 2022 Jul 09;4:100076. (PMID: 36846579)
Addict Biol. 2017 Sep;22(5):1119-1159. (PMID: 27353220)
Trials. 2016 May 17;17(1):250. (PMID: 27188795)
Front Neurosci. 2015 Oct 09;9:349. (PMID: 26500478)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Jan;128(1):56-92. (PMID: 27866120)
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2007 Jul;33(1):71-80. (PMID: 17588491)
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Nov;23(11):1432-42. (PMID: 23562264)
Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2015 Aug 12;10:32. (PMID: 26264215)
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2019;45(2):124-140. (PMID: 30373394)
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014 Nov;17(11):1793-803. (PMID: 25008145)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Nov;38(11):2826-34. (PMID: 25421518)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008 Jan 1;92(1-3):55-60. (PMID: 17640830)
Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2018 Sep;38(3):105-116. (PMID: 30175522)
Psychiatry Res. 2024 Jan;331:115621. (PMID: 38043411)
Control Clin Trials. 2004 Apr;25(2):143-56. (PMID: 15020033)
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 8;108:110160. (PMID: 33147505)
Drugs. 2022 Feb;82(3):251-274. (PMID: 35133639)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013 Dec;37(12):2152-60. (PMID: 23889334)
BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 21;15:1271. (PMID: 26690081)
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jan 13;1:CD012557. (PMID: 36637087)
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Feb;133:104508. (PMID: 34942268)
Eur Addict Res. 2014;20(6):269-84. (PMID: 25228120)
Clin Chim Acta. 2024 Mar 1;555:117800. (PMID: 38309557)
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2016 Oct;123(10):1179-94. (PMID: 27138429)
J Psychopharmacol. 2014 Aug;28(8):733-44. (PMID: 24671340)
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Sep;104:118-140. (PMID: 31271802)
Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 15;73(8):706-13. (PMID: 23237314)
J Physiol Paris. 2013 Dec;107(6):493-502. (PMID: 23891741)
Grant Information: PHRC 2015-A00576-43 French Ministry of Health; 06-2015 Scientific Center of Monaco
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: alcohol use disorder; efficacy; heavy drinking days; randomized controlled trial; safety; total alcohol consumption; transcranial direct current stimulation
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260506 Date Completed: 20260712 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260813
PubMed Central ID: PMC13357871
DOI: 10.1111/add.70461
PMID: 42091052
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized controlled triple-blind trial.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Trojak+B%22">Trojak B</searchLink>; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.; INSERM U1093, UFR STAPS, Université Bourgogne Europe, Dijon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sauvaget+A%22">Sauvaget A</searchLink>; Mouvement, Interactions, Performance, MIP, UR 4334, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El+Hage+W%22">El Hage W</searchLink>; CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France.; UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, INSERM, Tours, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wallenhorst+T%22">Wallenhorst T</searchLink>; Service de Psychiatrie Adultes et Addictologie, CH Semur-en-Auxois, Semur-en-Auxois, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rolland+B%22">Rolland B</searchLink>; Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Hospices Civils de Lyon, CH Le Vinatier, Lyon France unité PSR2, CRNL, UMR 5292 CNRS/1028 INSERM - Université Lyon 1, Bron, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nubukpo+P%22">Nubukpo P</searchLink>; Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Université de Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT, Limoges, France.; Pôle universitaire de de psychiatrie adultes et addictologie (PUP3A), Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Harika-Germaneau+G%22">Harika-Germaneau G</searchLink>; CeRCA, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Université de Tours, Poitiers, France.; Unité de Recherche Clinique Pierre Deniker du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Poitiers, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Szekely+D%22">Szekely D</searchLink>; Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, Monaco.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Giustiniani+J%22">Giustiniani J</searchLink>; UMR INSERM 1322 LINC, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Auriacombe+M%22">Auriacombe M</searchLink>; SANPSY, CNRS UMR 6033, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.; Pôle Inter-Établissement d'Addictologie, CHU Bordeaux et CH Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Brousse+G%22">Brousse G</searchLink>; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte et d'Addictologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand CNRS, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Guillaume+S%22">Guillaume S</searchLink>; Service Urgence et Post-Urgence Psychiatrique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHRU, Montpellier, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bubrovszky+M%22">Bubrovszky M</searchLink>; Fédération Régionale de Recherche en Santé Mentale et Psychiatrie, Hauts-de-France, France.; Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale de l'Agglomération Lilloise, St André-lez-Lille, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Petit+B%22">Petit B</searchLink>; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cabelguen+C%22">Cabelguen C</searchLink>; Addiction Medicine and Psychiatry Department, Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El+Ayoubi+H%22">El Ayoubi H</searchLink>; CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rankin+S%22">Rankin S</searchLink>; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Soudry-Faure+A%22">Soudry-Faure A</searchLink>; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Goueslard+K%22">Goueslard K</searchLink>; Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Unité de Soutien Méthodologique à la Recherche, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Demina+A%22">Demina A</searchLink>; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire d'Addictologie, Université Bourgogne Europe, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France.; INSERM U1093, UFR STAPS, Université Bourgogne Europe, Dijon, France.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229304118%22">Addiction (Abingdon, England)</searchLink> [Addiction] 2026 Aug; Vol. 121 (8), pp. 2141-2153. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 06.
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  Data: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Multicenter Study
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Wiley-Blackwell%22">Wiley-Blackwell </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>9304118 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1360-0443 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2209652140%22">09652140 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Addiction <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK : Carfax Pub. Co., c1993-
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transcranial+Direct+Current+Stimulation%22">Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transcranial+Direct+Current+Stimulation+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transcranial+Direct+Current+Stimulation%22">Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transcranial+Direct+Current+Stimulation+adverse+effects%22">adverse effects</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcoholism%22">Alcoholism*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcoholism+therapy%22">therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Male%22">Male</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Middle+Aged%22">Middle Aged</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Female%22">Female</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Treatment+Outcome%22">Treatment Outcome</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Adult%22">Adult</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22France%22">France</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Craving%22">Craving</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background and Aims: Current treatment options for alcohol use disorder are limited. Transcranial direct current stimulation has been proposed as a therapeutic approach, but evidence remains scarce. This study aimed to compare active vs. sham transcranial direct current stimulation to evaluate its efficacy and safety in reducing alcohol consumption in a large sample of individuals with alcohol use disorder.<br />Design: REDSTIM is a triple-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial that was conducted from October 2015 to January 2022. Participants were followed up every 4 weeks for 24 weeks.<br />Setting: Fourteen sites in France and Monaco.<br />Participants: 356 adult outpatients with alcohol use disorder were assessed for eligibility, and 337 were enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive active or sham stimulation. At baseline, the randomized participants were primarily male (60.5%) with an average age of 51.3 ± 11.3 years.<br />Intervention and Comparator: Two daily stimulation sessions (anode F4, cathode F3, 2 mA) delivered over five consecutive days vs. sham stimulation. Direct currents were applied via a pair of 0.9% NaCl-soaked surface sponge electrodes (25 cm<superscript>2</superscript>). In the sham stimulation group, the initial ramp-up time of 15 s (also up to 2 mA) was immediately followed by a ramp down phase of 30 seconds.<br />Measurements: The co-primary outcomes were the change in the number of heavy drinking days (HDD) and total alcohol consumption (TAC) over the follow-up period. Exploratory secondary outcomes included alcohol craving, clinical and biological improvements, quality-of-life, mood, cognitive and safety assessments.<br />Findings: Over 24 weeks of follow-up, vs. sham, the active stimulation group reported statistically significant reductions in the number of HDD [-2.45 HDD/4 weeks, 97.5% confidence interval (CI) = -4.86 to -0.05, P = 0.022]. The reduction in TAC was not statistically significant (-5.96 g/day, 97.5% CI = -15.18 to 3.26, P = 0.147). The interpretation of these findings should take into account the proportion of missing data related to alcohol diary completeness and losses to follow-up. For secondary outcomes at 24 weeks, vs. sham, craving assessments were lower in the stimulation group (-0.36 95% CI = -0.65 to -0.07, P = 0.016), as were carbohydrate deficient transferrin levels (-0.33 95% CI = -0.65 to -0.01, P = 0.045). In the active vs. sham stimulation group, 69 (41.1%) and 62 participants (36.7%) experienced one or more adverse effects, resulting in 6 dropouts.<br />Conclusions: Among adult outpatients with alcohol use disorder, active transcranial direct current stimulation resulted in a modest but sustained reduction in heavy drinking days over 24 weeks, while no statistically significant effect was observed for total alcohol consumption. The intervention was well tolerated.<br /> (© 2026 The Author(s). Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016 Dec;26(12):1941-1949. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227842940%22">27842940)</searchLink><br />Addiction. 2026 Aug;121(8):2141-2153. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2242091052%22">42091052)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015 Sep;39(9):1557-70. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226250333%22">26250333)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend Rep. 2022 Jul 09;4:100076. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236846579%22">36846579)</searchLink><br />Addict Biol. 2017 Sep;22(5):1119-1159. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227353220%22">27353220)</searchLink><br />Trials. 2016 May 17;17(1):250. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227188795%22">27188795)</searchLink><br />Front Neurosci. 2015 Oct 09;9:349. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226500478%22">26500478)</searchLink><br />Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Jan;128(1):56-92. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227866120%22">27866120)</searchLink><br />J Subst Abuse Treat. 2007 Jul;33(1):71-80. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217588491%22">17588491)</searchLink><br />Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013 Nov;23(11):1432-42. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223562264%22">23562264)</searchLink><br />Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2015 Aug 12;10:32. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226264215%22">26264215)</searchLink><br />Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2019;45(2):124-140. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230373394%22">30373394)</searchLink><br />Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014 Nov;17(11):1793-803. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225008145%22">25008145)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Nov;38(11):2826-34. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225421518%22">25421518)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend. 2008 Jan 1;92(1-3):55-60. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217640830%22">17640830)</searchLink><br />Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2018 Sep;38(3):105-116. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230175522%22">30175522)</searchLink><br />Psychiatry Res. 2024 Jan;331:115621. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238043411%22">38043411)</searchLink><br />Control Clin Trials. 2004 Apr;25(2):143-56. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215020033%22">15020033)</searchLink><br />Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 8;108:110160. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233147505%22">33147505)</searchLink><br />Drugs. 2022 Feb;82(3):251-274. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235133639%22">35133639)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2013 Dec;37(12):2152-60. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223889334%22">23889334)</searchLink><br />BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec 21;15:1271. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226690081%22">26690081)</searchLink><br />Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jan 13;1:CD012557. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236637087%22">36637087)</searchLink><br />Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Feb;133:104508. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234942268%22">34942268)</searchLink><br />Eur Addict Res. 2014;20(6):269-84. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225228120%22">25228120)</searchLink><br />Clin Chim Acta. 2024 Mar 1;555:117800. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238309557%22">38309557)</searchLink><br />J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2016 Oct;123(10):1179-94. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227138429%22">27138429)</searchLink><br />J Psychopharmacol. 2014 Aug;28(8):733-44. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224671340%22">24671340)</searchLink><br />Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Sep;104:118-140. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231271802%22">31271802)</searchLink><br />Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 15;73(8):706-13. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223237314%22">23237314)</searchLink><br />J Physiol Paris. 2013 Dec;107(6):493-502. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223891741%22">23891741)</searchLink>
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  Data: PHRC 2015-A00576-43 French Ministry of Health; 06-2015 Scientific Center of Monaco
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  Label: Contributed Indexing
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>alcohol use disorder; efficacy; heavy drinking days; randomized controlled trial; safety; total alcohol consumption; transcranial direct current stimulation
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260506 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260712 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260813
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  Data: 20260813
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  Data: PMC13357871
– Name: DOI
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  Data: 10.1111/add.70461
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  Data: 42091052
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42091052
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/add.70461
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 2141
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Male
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Middle Aged
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Treatment Outcome
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adult
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: France
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Craving
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation adverse effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcoholism therapy
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in alcohol use disorder: A randomized controlled triple-blind trial.
        Type: main
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: 2026 Aug
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1360-0443
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              Value: 121
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Addiction (Abingdon, England)
              Type: main
ResultId 1