Academic Journal
Epidemiology of brucellosis in sheep and goats across different production systems in regions with high human brucellosis prevalence.
| Τίτλος: | Epidemiology of brucellosis in sheep and goats across different production systems in regions with high human brucellosis prevalence. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Dadar M; Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. Electronic address: dadar.m77@gmail.com., Alamian S; Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. Electronic address: alamiansaeed@gmail.com., Bahreinipour A; Iranian veterinary organization, Tehran, Iran., Amiry K; Iranian veterinary organization, Tehran, Iran. |
| Πηγή: | Research in veterinary science [Res Vet Sci] 2026 Aug; Vol. 208, pp. 106235. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 01. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: British Veterinary Association Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401300 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1532-2661 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00345288 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Res Vet Sci Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: London : British Veterinary Association Original Publication: Oxford. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Brucellosis*/epidemiology , Brucellosis*/veterinary , Brucellosis*/prevention & control , Brucellosis*/microbiology , Goat Diseases*/epidemiology , Goat Diseases*/microbiology , Goat Diseases*/prevention & control , Sheep Diseases*/epidemiology , Sheep Diseases*/microbiology , Sheep Diseases*/prevention & control, Iran/epidemiology ; Animal Husbandry/methods ; Vaccination/veterinary ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Animals ; Goats ; Sheep ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans |
| Περίληψη: | Brucellosis remains a major zoonotic threat in Iran, where sheep and goat farming play a crucial role in agricultural production. This study examines the relationship between vaccination coverage and brucellosis prevalence at animal and herd levels across Iran's diverse small ruminant production systems. Our cross-sectional study (2021-2024) included 389,225 animals from 3929 herds across rural, traditional, and nomadic systems. Tests such as the Rose Bengal Plate, Wright, and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) detected brucellosis, and bacteria from clinical samples were isolated. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression was used to analyze factors such as vaccination coverage, production system, species, and brucellosis positivity. Results showed low vaccination coverage across all systems (8-19.1%), well below the threshold for herd immunity. Traditional farms had 3.4 times higher odds of animal- level brucellosis (95% CI: 2. 98-3. 93, p < 0. 001) and 2.9 times higher odds of herd- level positivity (95% CI: 2. 21-3. 78, p < 0. 001) compared to rural areas, while nomadic systems exhibited scattered, episodic foci. A 1% increase in vaccination coverage was associated with an odds ratio of 0.94 for herd-level brucellosis positivity (p = 0.02) and an OR of 0.96 for animal-level brucellosis positivity (p = 0.06), indicating a non-significant tendency. Goats had higher vaccination coverage than sheep. Most positive cultures originated from aborted fetuses, which were the main source of Brucella melitensis biovar 1. This study indicates that vaccination coverage in Iran is inadequate to control brucellosis, especially on traditional farms where vaccination's protective effects are most noticeable. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships, which may be considered as potential competing interests. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Brucella melitensis; Brucellosis; Goats; Iran; Rev.1 vaccine; Sheep |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260505 Date Completed: 20260604 Latest Revision: 20260604 |
| Update Code: | 20260604 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106235 |
| PMID: | 42085969 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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