Academic Journal
Out of Sight: Sex Differences in Public and Semi-Public Drug Use Settings Among People Who Use Opioids in Baltimore, Maryland.
| Τίτλος: | Out of Sight: Sex Differences in Public and Semi-Public Drug Use Settings Among People Who Use Opioids in Baltimore, Maryland. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Latkin CA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.; Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA., Dayton L; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Bhaktaram A; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Davey-Rothwell MA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Bonneau H; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Yi GT; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Falade-Nwulia O; Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. |
| Πηγή: | International journal of environmental research and public health [Int J Environ Res Public Health] 2026 Apr 20; Vol. 23 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 20. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel : MDPI, c2004- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Opioid-Related Disorders*/epidemiology , Analgesics, Opioid*, Baltimore/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Sex Factors ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Drug use settings are critical determinants of overdose risk and other drug-related harms. Although sex differences in drug use patterns are well documented, less is known about sex differences in the types of locations where people use drugs. This study examined sex differences in drug use settings among people who use opioids. Methods: Data were from the baseline survey of the OASIS project, a community-based study conducted in Baltimore, Maryland (N = 869), focusing on 9 specific types of locations where participants reported drug use in the past 30 days: their own residence, someone else's residence, street, alley, park, abandoned building, public restroom, car, and other locations. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between sex and drug use settings, adjusting for age, race, education, homelessness, and frequency of drug use. Results: The sample included 346 women and 523 men. In adjusted models, women had significantly lower odds than men of using drugs on the street (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.35-0.70), in alleys (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.35-0.69), parks (aOR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.42-0.78), abandoned buildings (aOR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.38-0.75), cars (aOR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.41-0.73), and other locations (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.37-0.94). Sex was not significantly associated with drug use at one's own residence or someone else's residence. Conclusions: Women who use opioids were significantly less likely than men to use drugs in public and semi-public settings, which may reflect gendered patterns of stigma, interpersonal violence, and safety concerns. Harm reduction programs should focus on making current drug use settings safer and developing additional safer settings with an emphasis on addressing barriers for women to access harm reduction services, including women-centered overdose prevention centers and household-based overdose response training. |
| Grant Information: | R01DA058659 and R01DA05047 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; 0 Bloomberg American Health Initiative |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: HIV; drug use; gender; harm reduction; homelessness; opioids; overdose; setting; sex differences; stigma |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Analgesics, Opioid) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260504 Date Completed: 20260716 Latest Revision: 20260716 |
| Update Code: | 20260716 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13115885 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph23040534 |
| PMID: | 42074471 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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