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Antagonistic interactions between polyethylene microplastics and oxytetracycline mitigate toxicity of the anammox process and the proliferation of ARGs.

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Τίτλος: Antagonistic interactions between polyethylene microplastics and oxytetracycline mitigate toxicity of the anammox process and the proliferation of ARGs.
Συγγραφείς: Xue T; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China. Electronic address: xuetz@ahjzu.edu.cn., Yang X; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China., Li W; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China. Electronic address: weihuali@ahjzu.edu.cn., Yang H; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China., Xu J; School of Architectural Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling, 244061, China., Yu L; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China., Dong B; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China., Chen L; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China., Chen X; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
Πηγή: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2026 Aug 15; Vol. 303 (Pt 1), pp. 124584. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 24.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0147621 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1096-0953 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00139351 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2000- > : Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: New York, Academic Press.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Oxytetracycline*/toxicity , Polyethylene*/toxicity , Microplastics*/toxicity , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/toxicity , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/toxicity , Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation*/drug effects, Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Sewage/microbiology ; Oxidation-Reduction
Περίληψη: Emerging pollutants such as microplastics and antibiotics pose potentially serious risks to the metabolism and ecology of microorganisms. To explore the short-term stress mechanism of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) and oxytetracycline (OTC) on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process, single and combined stress experiments of with 5 mg/L PE MPs and 5 mg/L OTC on anammox were conducted based on the gradient experiments. The results showed that OTC had a more significant impact on the nitrogen removal performance of anammox process compared to PE MPs alone and that of the combined stress, and the combined stress exhibited an antagonistic effect. OTC stress can alter the secretion and structural composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of anammox bacteria, reduce the size of anammox granular sludge (AnGS), and decrease the stability of AnGS. However, PE MPs had a positive effect on the EPS of anammox bacteria. The relative abundance of Planctomycetes decreased in all stress groups, with the greatest decrease observed in the OTC group. The relative abundances of OTC resistance genes, tetG and tetX, decreased in the PE MPs group, while they increased in the OTC group and the combined stress group. PE MPs had an inhibitory effect on the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and the combined stress of PE MPs and OTC may mainly affect the amplification of the efflux pump gene tetG.
(Copyright © 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that we have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Anammox; High-throughput sequencing; Oxytetracycline; Polyethylene microplastics; Resistance genes
Substance Nomenclature: X20I9EN955 (Oxytetracycline)
9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
0 (Microplastics)
0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Sewage)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260426 Date Completed: 20260610 Latest Revision: 20260610
Update Code: 20260611
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.124584
PMID: 42035822
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Antagonistic interactions between polyethylene microplastics and oxytetracycline mitigate toxicity of the anammox process and the proliferation of ARGs.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Xue+T%22&quot;&gt;Xue T&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China. Electronic address: xuetz@ahjzu.edu.cn.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Yang+X%22&quot;&gt;Yang X&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Li+W%22&quot;&gt;Li W&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China. Electronic address: weihuali@ahjzu.edu.cn.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Yang+H%22&quot;&gt;Yang H&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230601, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Xu+J%22&quot;&gt;Xu J&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Architectural Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling, 244061, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Yu+L%22&quot;&gt;Yu L&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Dong+B%22&quot;&gt;Dong B&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Chen+L%22&quot;&gt;Chen L&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Chen+X%22&quot;&gt;Chen X&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Emerging pollutants such as microplastics and antibiotics pose potentially serious risks to the metabolism and ecology of microorganisms. To explore the short-term stress mechanism of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) and oxytetracycline (OTC) on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process, single and combined stress experiments of with 5&#160;mg/L PE MPs and 5&#160;mg/L OTC on anammox were conducted based on the gradient experiments. The results showed that OTC had a more significant impact on the nitrogen removal performance of anammox process compared to PE MPs alone and that of the combined stress, and the combined stress exhibited an antagonistic effect. OTC stress can alter the secretion and structural composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of anammox bacteria, reduce the size of anammox granular sludge (AnGS), and decrease the stability of AnGS. However, PE MPs had a positive effect on the EPS of anammox bacteria. The relative abundance of Planctomycetes decreased in all stress groups, with the greatest decrease observed in the OTC group. The relative abundances of OTC resistance genes, tetG and tetX, decreased in the PE MPs group, while they increased in the OTC group and the combined stress group. PE MPs had an inhibitory effect on the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and the combined stress of PE MPs and OTC may mainly affect the amplification of the efflux pump gene tetG.&lt;br /&gt; (Copyright &#169; 2026. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that we have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;Anammox; High-throughput sequencing; Oxytetracycline; Polyethylene microplastics; Resistance genes
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  Data: X20I9EN955 (Oxytetracycline)&lt;br /&gt;9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)&lt;br /&gt;0 (Microplastics)&lt;br /&gt;0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)&lt;br /&gt;0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)&lt;br /&gt;0 (Sewage)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.124584
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 124584
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Bacteria drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bacteria genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bacteria metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sewage microbiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxidation-Reduction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Oxytetracycline toxicity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polyethylene toxicity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microplastics toxicity
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      – SubjectFull: Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation drug effects
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