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GcrR in Streptococcus mutans Inhibits the Morphological Transition of Candida albicans Through Ras1-cAMP/PKA Pathway in the Cross-Kingdom Biofilms.

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Τίτλος: GcrR in Streptococcus mutans Inhibits the Morphological Transition of Candida albicans Through Ras1-cAMP/PKA Pathway in the Cross-Kingdom Biofilms.
Συγγραφείς: Zhang B; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Hou S; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Zhang A; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Yang J; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Zhang W; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Zhu S; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China., Chen H; Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.; Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China., Huang R; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Center of Oral Public Health, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Πηγή: Molecular oral microbiology [Mol Oral Microbiol] 2026 Aug; Vol. 41 (4), pp. 188-200. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 22.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: Denmark NLM ID: 101524770 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2041-1014 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20411006 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Oral Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Copenhagen : John Wiley & Sons
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Biofilms*/growth & development , Candida albicans*/genetics , Candida albicans*/growth & development , Candida albicans*/physiology , Candida albicans*/pathogenicity , Candida albicans*/metabolism , Streptococcus mutans*/genetics , Streptococcus mutans*/metabolism , Streptococcus mutans*/physiology , Bacterial Proteins*/genetics , Bacterial Proteins*/metabolism, Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics ; ras Proteins/metabolism ; ras Proteins/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Περίληψη: The dual-species biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans exhibit enhanced cariogenic potential due to the production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs). The response regulator GcrR in S. mutans negatively regulates EPS synthesis, but its impact on dual-species biofilms remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of GcrR on the cariogenicity of cross-kingdom biofilms established by S. mutans and C. albicans. The crystal violet (CV) staining was conducted to evaluate the dual-species biofilm formation. The anthrone-sulfuric acid assay was employed to assess EPS formation. The biofilm morphology was visualized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the structure was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The expression levels of genes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The animal assay was conducted to elucidate the anti-cariogenic effect of GcrR. The overexpression of GcrR suppressed dual-species biofilm formation, which was accompanied by a reduction in both water-soluble glucans (WSGs) and water-insoluble glucans (WIGs). The morphological transformation of C. albicans from yeast to hyphal form was inhibited by GcrR. Expression of gtfB/D and gbpB/C genes in S. mutans and Ras1-cAMP/PKA pathway genes in C. albicans was downregulated. Furthermore, we found that GcrR attenuated the virulence of dual-species biofilms. This study suggests that GcrR in S. mutans plays a critical role in modulating the cariogenic potential of bacterial-fungal biofilms.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Molecular Oral Microbiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Candida albicans; Streptococcus mutans; cross‐kingdom biofilms; dental caries; extracellular polysaccharides
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Bacterial Proteins)
E0399OZS9N (Cyclic AMP)
EC 2.7.11.11 (Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases)
EC 3.6.5.2 (ras Proteins)
0 (Polysaccharides, Bacterial)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260423 Date Completed: 20260702 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260813
PubMed Central ID: PMC13325523
DOI: 10.1111/omi.70026
PMID: 42021471
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:2041-1014
DOI:10.1111/omi.70026