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Protective netting as a barrier against the X-disease phytoplasma vector Colladonus reductus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in cherry orchards.

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Τίτλος: Protective netting as a barrier against the X-disease phytoplasma vector Colladonus reductus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in cherry orchards.
Συγγραφείς: Marshall AT; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA., Harper DW; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA., Cooper WR; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA., Pitino M; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA.
Πηγή: Journal of economic entomology [J Econ Entomol] 2026 Jun 01; Vol. 119 (3), pp. 2379-2383.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985127R Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1938-291X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00220493 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Econ Entomol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2015- : Oxford : Oxford University Press
Original Publication: College Park Md : Entomological Society of America
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Hemiptera*/microbiology , Hemiptera*/physiology , Phytoplasma*/physiology , Prunus avium*/microbiology , Prunus avium*/growth & development , Insect Control*/methods , Insect Control*/instrumentation , Phytoplasma Disease*/prevention & control , Insect Vectors*/microbiology, Animals ; Washington
Περίληψη: X-disease, caused by "Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni," poses a significant economic threat to the stone fruit industry, causing the removal of vast cherry acreage in Washington State. The most abundant vector in these orchards is the leafhopper Colladonus reductus (Van Duzee). Growers need season-long preventative alternatives to insecticides for a robust integrated pest management program. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of protective netting as a barrier to C. reductus. Between 2024 and 2025, 3 field trials were conducted testing 4 types of netting (20% shade, 30% shade, Mesh 25, and Mesh 50) against a non-covered control. Trials were established in 2 cherry orchards with high levels of X-disease phytoplasma infection. Molecular analysis of the ambient vector population confirmed a 73% and 56% infection rate with 'Ca. P. pruni' at each orchard, respectively, highlighting severe disease pressure. Small enclosures (1.2 × 0.6 m) containing 5 potted Prunus trees (sweet cherry and peach) were monitored using yellow and clear sticky cards for C. reductus presence. Fine-mesh exclusion netting reduced C. reductus abundance by over 99%, and shade netting consistently caused a 90% reduction. These findings demonstrate a successful proof of concept that netting can serve as a physical barrier to leafhopper vectors that transmit X-disease phytoplasma. Netting should be examined in a commercial orchard setting and for effects on pathogen transmission.
(Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2026.)
Grant Information: 25-8130-1131 Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - Plant Protection Act 7721; 7721: 25-8130-1131 Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - Plant Protection Act
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Prunus avium; Cicadellidae; Integrated pest management; Little cherry disease; exclusion
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260421 Date Completed: 20260616 Latest Revision: 20260712
Update Code: 20260712
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toag109
PMID: 42010953
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
FullText Links:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Protective netting as a barrier against the X-disease phytoplasma vector Colladonus reductus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in cherry orchards.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Marshall+AT%22">Marshall AT</searchLink>; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Harper+DW%22">Harper DW</searchLink>; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cooper+WR%22">Cooper WR</searchLink>; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pitino+M%22">Pitino M</searchLink>; USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, Wapato, WA, USA.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%222985127R%22">Journal of economic entomology</searchLink> [J Econ Entomol] 2026 Jun 01; Vol. 119 (3), pp. 2379-2383.
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  Data: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Oxford+University+Press%22">Oxford University Press </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>2985127R <i>Publication Model: </i>Print <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1938-291X (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2200220493%22">00220493 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>J Econ Entomol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: 2015- : Oxford : Oxford University Press<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: College Park Md : Entomological Society of America
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  Label: MeSH Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Hemiptera%22">Hemiptera*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Hemiptera+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Hemiptera%22">Hemiptera*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Hemiptera+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Phytoplasma%22">Phytoplasma*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Phytoplasma+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Prunus+avium%22">Prunus avium*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Prunus+avium+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Prunus+avium%22">Prunus avium*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Prunus+avium+growth+%26+development%22">growth & development</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Control%22">Insect Control*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Control+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Control%22">Insect Control*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Control+instrumentation%22">instrumentation</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Phytoplasma+Disease%22">Phytoplasma Disease*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Phytoplasma+Disease+prevention+%26+control%22">prevention & control</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Vectors%22">Insect Vectors*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Insect+Vectors+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Washington%22">Washington</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: X-disease, caused by "Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni," poses a significant economic threat to the stone fruit industry, causing the removal of vast cherry acreage in Washington State. The most abundant vector in these orchards is the leafhopper Colladonus reductus (Van Duzee). Growers need season-long preventative alternatives to insecticides for a robust integrated pest management program. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of protective netting as a barrier to C. reductus. Between 2024 and 2025, 3 field trials were conducted testing 4 types of netting (20% shade, 30% shade, Mesh 25, and Mesh 50) against a non-covered control. Trials were established in 2 cherry orchards with high levels of X-disease phytoplasma infection. Molecular analysis of the ambient vector population confirmed a 73% and 56% infection rate with 'Ca. P. pruni' at each orchard, respectively, highlighting severe disease pressure. Small enclosures (1.2 × 0.6 m) containing 5 potted Prunus trees (sweet cherry and peach) were monitored using yellow and clear sticky cards for C. reductus presence. Fine-mesh exclusion netting reduced C. reductus abundance by over 99%, and shade netting consistently caused a 90% reduction. These findings demonstrate a successful proof of concept that netting can serve as a physical barrier to leafhopper vectors that transmit X-disease phytoplasma. Netting should be examined in a commercial orchard setting and for effects on pathogen transmission.<br /> (Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2026.)
– Name: GrantInfo
  Label: Grant Information
  Group: Grant
  Data: 25-8130-1131 Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - Plant Protection Act 7721; 7721: 25-8130-1131 Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - Plant Protection Act
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Prunus avium; Cicadellidae; Integrated pest management; Little cherry disease; exclusion
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260421 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260616 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260712
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  Data: 20260712
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  Data: 10.1093/jee/toag109
– Name: AN
  Label: PMID
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  Data: 42010953
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42010953
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        Value: 10.1093/jee/toag109
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        StartPage: 2379
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Washington
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hemiptera microbiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hemiptera physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phytoplasma physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Prunus avium microbiology
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      – SubjectFull: Prunus avium growth & development
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insect Control instrumentation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phytoplasma Disease prevention & control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insect Vectors microbiology
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Protective netting as a barrier against the X-disease phytoplasma vector Colladonus reductus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in cherry orchards.
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              Text: 2026 Jun 01
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