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Paternal reproductive health in focus: new World Health Organization infertility guideline interpreted through a biological and clinical lens.

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Τίτλος: Paternal reproductive health in focus: new World Health Organization infertility guideline interpreted through a biological and clinical lens.
Συγγραφείς: Esteves SC; ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil.; Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.; Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.. Electronic address: s.esteves@androfert.com.br., Pacey A; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK., De Jonge CJ; Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Πηγή: Reproductive biomedicine online [Reprod Biomed Online] 2026 Jun; Vol. 52 (6), pp. 105658. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 23.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101122473 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6491 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726483 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Reprod Biomed Online Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2009->: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Original Publication: Cambridge, UK : Reproductive Healthcare Ltd.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Infertility, Male*/diagnosis , Infertility, Male*/therapy , Infertility, Male*/prevention & control , Reproductive Health*/standards , Practice Guidelines as Topic*, Humans ; Male ; World Health Organization ; Female ; Semen Analysis ; Pregnancy
Περίληψη: The 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infertility represents the first comprehensive global framework integrating male and female contributors to infertility within a unified public health strategy. This commentary examines the male-relevant components of the guideline from the perspective of reproductive biology and translational andrology. The WHO guideline mandates a parallel evaluation of both partners and structures male assessment around the medical history, a focused physical examination and semen analysis as a triage tool. While pragmatic and globally applicable, semen analysis remains a descriptive rather than a mechanistic test, underscoring the need for a deeper investigation into sperm chromatin integrity, epigenetics and molecular function. The guideline's conservative treatment recommendations - limited to clinical varicocele repair and antioxidant therapy - reflect Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome prioritization, the GRADE methodology and an emphasis on pregnancy and live-birth outcomes, as well as considerations of equity and feasibility across diverse health systems. By embedding male reproductive health within a global infertility approach, the guideline promotes structured evaluation, early specialist referral and reproductive equity, while highlighting critical gaps in mechanistic understanding that must inform future research and clinical innovation.
(Copyright © 2026 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Antioxidants; Guideline; Male infertility; Male reproductive health; Semen analysis; Spermatogenesis; Varicocele
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260415 Date Completed: 20260610 Latest Revision: 20260710
Update Code: 20260711
DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2026.105658
PMID: 41985248
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Paternal reproductive health in focus: new World Health Organization infertility guideline interpreted through a biological and clinical lens.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Esteves+SC%22&quot;&gt;Esteves SC&lt;/searchLink&gt;; ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil.; Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.; Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.. Electronic address: s.esteves@androfert.com.br.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Pacey+A%22&quot;&gt;Pacey A&lt;/searchLink&gt;; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22De+Jonge+CJ%22&quot;&gt;De Jonge CJ&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22101122473%22&quot;&gt;Reproductive biomedicine online&lt;/searchLink&gt; [Reprod Biomed Online] 2026 Jun; Vol. 52 (6), pp. 105658. &lt;i&gt;Date of Electronic Publication: &lt;/i&gt;2026 Feb 23.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male%22&quot;&gt;Infertility, Male*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male+diagnosis%22&quot;&gt;diagnosis&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male%22&quot;&gt;Infertility, Male*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male+therapy%22&quot;&gt;therapy&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male%22&quot;&gt;Infertility, Male*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Infertility%2C+Male+prevention+%26+control%22&quot;&gt;prevention &amp; control&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Reproductive+Health%22&quot;&gt;Reproductive Health*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Reproductive+Health+standards%22&quot;&gt;standards&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Practice+Guidelines+as+Topic%22&quot;&gt;Practice Guidelines as Topic*&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Humans%22&quot;&gt;Humans&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Male%22&quot;&gt;Male&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22World+Health+Organization%22&quot;&gt;World Health Organization&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Female%22&quot;&gt;Female&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Semen+Analysis%22&quot;&gt;Semen Analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Pregnancy%22&quot;&gt;Pregnancy&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: The 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infertility represents the first comprehensive global framework integrating male and female contributors to infertility within a unified public health strategy. This commentary examines the male-relevant components of the guideline from the perspective of reproductive biology and translational andrology. The WHO guideline mandates a parallel evaluation of both partners and structures male assessment around the medical history, a focused physical examination and semen analysis as a triage tool. While pragmatic and globally applicable, semen analysis remains a descriptive rather than a mechanistic test, underscoring the need for a deeper investigation into sperm chromatin integrity, epigenetics and molecular function. The guideline&#39;s conservative treatment recommendations - limited to clinical varicocele repair and antioxidant therapy - reflect Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome prioritization, the GRADE methodology and an emphasis on pregnancy and live-birth outcomes, as well as considerations of equity and feasibility across diverse health systems. By embedding male reproductive health within a global infertility approach, the guideline promotes structured evaluation, early specialist referral and reproductive equity, while highlighting critical gaps in mechanistic understanding that must inform future research and clinical innovation.&lt;br /&gt; (Copyright &#169; 2026 Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;Antioxidants; Guideline; Male infertility; Male reproductive health; Semen analysis; Spermatogenesis; Varicocele
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              Text: 2026 Jun
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