Academic Journal
Προβολή σε EDS

Live video versus audio-only emergency calls in simulated emergency medical dispatch: a randomized mixed-methods study.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Live video versus audio-only emergency calls in simulated emergency medical dispatch: a randomized mixed-methods study.
Συγγραφείς: Krammel M; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.; PULS - Austrian Cardiac Arrest Awareness Association, Lichtenthaler Gasse 4/1/R03, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, Krems, 3500, Austria., Degischer B; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Kahlfuss F; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Lintschinger JM; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Reischmann L; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Hriberšek M; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Gleiss A; Centre for Medical Data Science, Institute of Clinical Biometrics, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria., Grassmann D; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria., Hamp T; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria., Lagara A; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria., Glaninger P; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria., Schnaubelt S; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.; PULS - Austrian Cardiac Arrest Awareness Association, Lichtenthaler Gasse 4/1/R03, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, Krems, 3500, Austria., Hafner C; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria. christina.hafner@meduniwien.ac.at.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria. christina.hafner@meduniwien.ac.at.
Πηγή: BMC emergency medicine [BMC Emerg Med] 2026 Apr 02; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 02.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Comparative Study
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968543 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-227X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1471227X NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Emerg Med Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Emergency Medical Dispatch*/methods , Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems* , Video Recording*, Humans ; Time Factors ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Adult ; Emergency Medical Dispatcher
Περίληψη: BACKGROUND: Dispatchers in emergency medical coordination centers face the challenge that bystanders can usually only provide verbal information during medical emergency calls. However, accurate information is crucial for dispatching appropriate resources. With the rise of smartphone use, video calls offer new possibilities. However, little is known about the broader impact of video calls on call duration, accuracy, and usability during emergency calls. METHODS: Twenty dispatchers and 80 laypersons participated in a randomized simulation study. Each dispatcher managed four standardized emergency scenarios, two via audio-only and two via video call, using a web-based platform (FlagMii® EML). Outcomes investigated total call duration, accuracy of the dispatch decision compared to the simulated scenario, and occurrence of technical issues. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the primary outcome. Furthermore, a focus group was held with dispatchers (n = 9) and qualitative data analysis was performed. RESULTS: The median duration of emergency calls was significantly longer in the video group (307 s, IQR 249–369) compared to the audio group (222 s, IQR 175–288), corresponding to a 40% increase (p < 0.001). The accuracy of the dispatch codes with the simulated emergency was higher in the video group (41.1% vs. 25.0%), though this difference did not reach statistical significance (OR 2.71, p = 0.085). The focus group identified six topics of interest: medical, technical, legal/ethical, psychological, institutional, and human/environmental aspects. While video was considered valuable for verifying first aid and assessing urgency, concerns were raised about technical reliability, dispatcher workload, emotional burden, and cultural acceptability. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time video emergency calls can support medical dispatchers and may improve assessment accuracy, but at the cost of longer call duration. Implementation should be guided by careful consideration of various factors including technical, ethical, and psychological factors. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of video calls on real-world emergency call performance and patient outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06598592) on September, 11 2024.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Vienna (Number: 1332/2024). Informed consent was obtained. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Authors’ information: Benedikt Degischer worked as a diploma student in the context of his thesis on this study. Preliminary data were presented as a poster at the Congress of the European Society of Emergency Medicine (EUSEM 2025) and at the Congress of the Austrian Society for Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (AIC 2025) in Vienna, Austria.
References: Eur Heart J. 2016 May 07;37(18):1428-38. (PMID: 26873093)
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2024 Jan 26;32(1):7. (PMID: 38383402)
BMJ Open. 2023 Oct 29;13(10):e077395. (PMID: 37899141)
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019 May 8;27(1):55. (PMID: 31068199)
BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Sep 6;21(1):101. (PMID: 34488626)
BMC Emerg Med. 2024 Jun 11;24(1):99. (PMID: 38862922)
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2022 Dec;37(6):819-826. (PMID: 36138554)
JAMA. 2019 Mar 26;321(12):1200-1210. (PMID: 30912843)
Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Mar;41:257-258. (PMID: 32601007)
Circulation. 2016 Dec 20;134(25):2095-2104. (PMID: 27881566)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Dispatching; Emergency medical service; Emergency medicine; First aid; Laypeople; Live stream; Prehospital emergency care; Telehealth; Telemedicine; Video emergency call
Molecular Sequence: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06598592
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260403 Date Completed: 20260628 Latest Revision: 20260821
Update Code: 20260822
PubMed Central ID: PMC13169599
DOI: 10.1186/s12873-026-01557-0
PMID: 41928098
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
CustomLinks:
  – Url: https://resolver.ebsco.com/c/fiv2js/result?sid=EBSCO:cmedm&genre=article&issn=1471227X&ISBN=&volume=26&issue=1&date=20260402&spage=&pages=&title=BMC emergency medicine&atitle=Live%20video%20versus%20audio-only%20emergency%20calls%20in%20simulated%20emergency%20medical%20dispatch%3A%20a%20randomized%20mixed-methods%20study.&aulast=Krammel%20M&id=DOI:10.1186/s12873-026-01557-0
    Name: Full Text Finder (for New FTF UI) (ns324271)
    Category: fullText
    Text: Full Text Finder
    MouseOverText: Full Text Finder
Header DbId: cmedm
DbLabel: MEDLINE
An: 41928098
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Live video versus audio-only emergency calls in simulated emergency medical dispatch: a randomized mixed-methods study.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Krammel+M%22&quot;&gt;Krammel M&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.; PULS - Austrian Cardiac Arrest Awareness Association, Lichtenthaler Gasse 4/1/R03, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Stra&#223;e 30, Krems, 3500, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Degischer+B%22&quot;&gt;Degischer B&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Kahlfuss+F%22&quot;&gt;Kahlfuss F&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Lintschinger+JM%22&quot;&gt;Lintschinger JM&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Reischmann+L%22&quot;&gt;Reischmann L&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Hriberšek+M%22&quot;&gt;Hriberšek M&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Gleiss+A%22&quot;&gt;Gleiss A&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Centre for Medical Data Science, Institute of Clinical Biometrics, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Grassmann+D%22&quot;&gt;Grassmann D&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Hamp+T%22&quot;&gt;Hamp T&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Lagara+A%22&quot;&gt;Lagara A&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Glaninger+P%22&quot;&gt;Glaninger P&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Schnaubelt+S%22&quot;&gt;Schnaubelt S&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Emergency Medical Service Vienna, Radetzkystrasse 1, Vienna, 1030, Austria.; PULS - Austrian Cardiac Arrest Awareness Association, Lichtenthaler Gasse 4/1/R03, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria.; Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr. Karl-Dorrek-Stra&#223;e 30, Krems, 3500, Austria.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Hafner+C%22&quot;&gt;Hafner C&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Clinical Division of General Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria. christina.hafner@meduniwien.ac.at.; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Digital Health and Patient Safety, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, 1090, Austria. christina.hafner@meduniwien.ac.at.
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22100968543%22&quot;&gt;BMC emergency medicine&lt;/searchLink&gt; [BMC Emerg Med] 2026 Apr 02; Vol. 26 (1). &lt;i&gt;Date of Electronic Publication: &lt;/i&gt;2026 Apr 02.
– Name: TypePub
  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Comparative Study
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Publisher: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PB&quot; term=&quot;%22BioMed+Central%22&quot;&gt;BioMed Central &lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;i&gt;Country of Publication: &lt;/i&gt;England &lt;i&gt;NLM ID: &lt;/i&gt;100968543 &lt;i&gt;Publication Model: &lt;/i&gt;Electronic &lt;i&gt;Cited Medium: &lt;/i&gt;Internet &lt;i&gt;ISSN: &lt;/i&gt;1471-227X (Electronic) &lt;i&gt;Linking ISSN: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;IS&quot; term=&quot;%221471227X%22&quot;&gt;1471227X &lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;i&gt;NLM ISO Abbreviation: &lt;/i&gt;BMC Emerg Med &lt;i&gt;Subsets: &lt;/i&gt;MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Original Publication&lt;/i&gt;: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Emergency+Medical+Dispatch%22&quot;&gt;Emergency Medical Dispatch*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Emergency+Medical+Dispatch+methods%22&quot;&gt;methods&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Emergency+Medical+Service+Communication+Systems%22&quot;&gt;Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems*&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Video+Recording%22&quot;&gt;Video Recording*&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Humans%22&quot;&gt;Humans&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Time+Factors%22&quot;&gt;Time Factors&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Female%22&quot;&gt;Female&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Focus+Groups%22&quot;&gt;Focus Groups&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Adult%22&quot;&gt;Adult&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Emergency+Medical+Dispatcher%22&quot;&gt;Emergency Medical Dispatcher&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: BACKGROUND: Dispatchers in emergency medical coordination centers face the challenge that bystanders can usually only provide verbal information during medical emergency calls. However, accurate information is crucial for dispatching appropriate resources. With the rise of smartphone use, video calls offer new possibilities. However, little is known about the broader impact of video calls on call duration, accuracy, and usability during emergency calls. METHODS: Twenty dispatchers and 80 laypersons participated in a randomized simulation study. Each dispatcher managed four standardized emergency scenarios, two via audio-only and two via video call, using a web-based platform (FlagMii&#174; EML). Outcomes investigated total call duration, accuracy of the dispatch decision compared to the simulated scenario, and occurrence of technical issues. A linear mixed model was used to analyze the primary outcome. Furthermore, a focus group was held with dispatchers (n = 9) and qualitative data analysis was performed. RESULTS: The median duration of emergency calls was significantly longer in the video group (307 s, IQR 249–369) compared to the audio group (222 s, IQR 175–288), corresponding to a 40% increase (p &amp;lt; 0.001). The accuracy of the dispatch codes with the simulated emergency was higher in the video group (41.1% vs. 25.0%), though this difference did not reach statistical significance (OR 2.71, p = 0.085). The focus group identified six topics of interest: medical, technical, legal/ethical, psychological, institutional, and human/environmental aspects. While video was considered valuable for verifying first aid and assessing urgency, concerns were raised about technical reliability, dispatcher workload, emotional burden, and cultural acceptability. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time video emergency calls can support medical dispatchers and may improve assessment accuracy, but at the cost of longer call duration. Implementation should be guided by careful consideration of various factors including technical, ethical, and psychological factors. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of video calls on real-world emergency call performance and patient outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06598592) on September, 11 2024.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Vienna (Number: 1332/2024). Informed consent was obtained. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Authors’ information: Benedikt Degischer worked as a diploma student in the context of his thesis on this study. Preliminary data were presented as a poster at the Congress of the European Society of Emergency Medicine (EUSEM 2025) and at the Congress of the Austrian Society for Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (AIC 2025) in Vienna, Austria.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Eur Heart J. 2016 May 07;37(18):1428-38. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2226873093%22&quot;&gt;26873093)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2024 Jan 26;32(1):7. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2238383402%22&quot;&gt;38383402)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;BMJ Open. 2023 Oct 29;13(10):e077395. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2237899141%22&quot;&gt;37899141)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2019 May 8;27(1):55. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2231068199%22&quot;&gt;31068199)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;BMC Emerg Med. 2021 Sep 6;21(1):101. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2234488626%22&quot;&gt;34488626)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;BMC Emerg Med. 2024 Jun 11;24(1):99. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2238862922%22&quot;&gt;38862922)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Prehosp Disaster Med. 2022 Dec;37(6):819-826. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2236138554%22&quot;&gt;36138554)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;JAMA. 2019 Mar 26;321(12):1200-1210. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2230912843%22&quot;&gt;30912843)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Mar;41:257-258. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2232601007%22&quot;&gt;32601007)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Circulation. 2016 Dec 20;134(25):2095-2104. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2227881566%22&quot;&gt;27881566)&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;Dispatching; Emergency medical service; Emergency medicine; First aid; Laypeople; Live stream; Prehospital emergency care; Telehealth; Telemedicine; Video emergency call
– Name: ChemicalData
  Label: Molecular Sequence
  Group: ChemData
  Data: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06598592
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date(s)
  Group: Date
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Date Created: &lt;/i&gt;20260403 &lt;i&gt;Date Completed: &lt;/i&gt;20260628 &lt;i&gt;Latest Revision: &lt;/i&gt;20260821
– Name: DateUpdate
  Label: Update Code
  Group: Date
  Data: 20260822
– Name: PubmedCentralID
  Label: PubMed Central ID
  Group: ID
  Data: PMC13169599
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1186/s12873-026-01557-0
– Name: AN
  Label: PMID
  Group: ID
  Data: 41928098
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=41928098
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1186/s12873-026-01557-0
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time Factors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Focus Groups
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adult
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emergency Medical Dispatcher
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emergency Medical Dispatch methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Video Recording
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Live video versus audio-only emergency calls in simulated emergency medical dispatch: a randomized mixed-methods study.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Krammel M
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Degischer B
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kahlfuss F
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lintschinger JM
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Reischmann L
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hriberšek M
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gleiss A
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Grassmann D
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hamp T
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lagara A
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Glaninger P
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Schnaubelt S
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hafner C
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 02
              M: 04
              Text: 2026 Apr 02
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1471-227X
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 26
            – Type: issue
              Value: 1
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: BMC emergency medicine
              Type: main
ResultId 1