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Utilization of Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Treated in Low-Resource Settings: The Intrigo Study.

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Τίτλος: Utilization of Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Treated in Low-Resource Settings: The Intrigo Study.
Συγγραφείς: Picetti E; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy. edoardopicetti@hotmail.com., Taccone FS; Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium., Adeleye AO; Department of Neurological Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria., Brasil S; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Godoy DA; Neuroscience Institute, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia., Prabhakar H; Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Neurocritical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India., Rubiano AM; Neuroscience Institute, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia., Shrestha GS; Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Tirsit A; Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Videtta W; Department of Intensive Care, Posadas Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Robba C; IRCCS, Policlínico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Πηγή: Neurocritical care [Neurocrit Care] 2026 Oct; Vol. 45 (2), pp. 564-570. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 02.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Multicenter Study
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101156086 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1556-0961 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15416933 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurocrit Care Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Totowa, NJ : Humana Press, c2004-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Brain Injuries, Traumatic*/physiopathology , Brain Injuries, Traumatic*/therapy , Brain Injuries, Traumatic*/diagnostic imaging , Brain Injuries, Traumatic*/complications , Intracranial Pressure*/physiology , Intracranial Hypertension*/diagnosis , Intracranial Hypertension*/etiology , Neurophysiological Monitoring*/statistics & numerical data , Neurophysiological Monitoring*/methods , Optic Nerve*/diagnostic imaging , Practice Patterns, Physicians'*/statistics & numerical data, Monitoring, Physiologic/statistics & numerical data ; Health Care Surveys/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Resource-Limited Settings
Περίληψη: Background: Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is not universally available in low-resource settings, mainly owing to high costs. In this scenario, noninvasive ICP (nICP) estimation could be integrated in therapeutic protocols. The objective of this international survey was to describe the utilization of nICP monitoring in this setting.
Methods: The survey comprised 23 items. Target respondents were doctors treating patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in low-resource settings without the availability of invasive ICP monitoring.
Results: In total, 126 physicians from 114 centers among 21 countries worldwide responded. The main findings of this study were: (a) a predominant use of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) as nICP assessment tool; (b) the utilization of at least two methods for nICP estimation in approximately half of the cases; and (c) the absence of specific protocol for nICP monitoring. We also reported a certain degree of variability regarding the parameters suggestive of intracranial hypertension for each of the methods used.
Conclusions: Brain ultrasounds, particularly ONSD assessment, are the most frequently utilized tools for nICP estimation in patients with TBI managed in low-resource settings worldwide. Educational efforts linked with protocols development could be a step forward to improve the care of TBI in resource-limited settings, but further studies in this field are necessary.
(© 2026. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and Neurocritical Care Society.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of Interest: SB is a senior scientific advisor for brain4care.
References: GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18(1):56–87. (PMID: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30415-0)
Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, et al. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018;130(4):1080–97. (PMID: 10.3171/2017.10.JNS1735229701556)
Hawryluk GWJ, Citerio G, Hutchinson P, et al. Intracranial pressure: current perspectives on physiology and monitoring. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48(10):1471–81. (PMID: 10.1007/s00134-022-06786-y35816237)
Stocchetti N, Picetti E, Berardino M, et al. Clinical applications of intracranial pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury: report of the Milan consensus conference. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2014;156(8):1615–22. (PMID: 10.1007/s00701-014-2127-424849391)
Robba C, Graziano F, Rebora P, et al. Intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with acute brain injury in the intensive care unit (SYNAPSE-ICU): an international, prospective observational cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(7):548–58. (PMID: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00138-134146513)
Godoy DA, Carrizosa J, Aguilera S, Videtta W, Jibaja M, Latin America Brain Injury Consortium (LABIC) Members. Current practices for intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury: a Latin American survey. Neurocrit Care. 2023;38(1):171–7. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-022-01605-036163454)
Rubiano AM, Carney N, Chesnut R, Puyana JC. Global neurotrauma research challenges and opportunities. Nature. 2015;527(7578):S193–7. (PMID: 10.1038/nature1603526580327)
Rajajee V. Noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring: are we there yet? Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(2):332–8. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-024-01951-13842961111377479)
Brasil S, Chesnut R, Robba C. Noninvasive neuromonitoring in acute brain injured patients. Intensive Care Med. 2024;50(6):960–3. (PMID: 10.1007/s00134-024-07406-738630285)
Robba C, Picetti E, Vásquez-García S, et al. The Brussels consensus for non-invasive ICP monitoring when invasive systems are not available in the care of TBI patients (the B-ICONIC consensus, recommendations, and management algorithm). Intensive Care Med. 2025;51(1):4–20. (PMID: 10.1007/s00134-024-07756-239847066)
Mahajan C, Prabhakar H, Rass V, et al. A national survey on coma epidemiology, evaluation, and therapy in India: revisiting the curing coma campaign come together survey. Neurocrit Care. 2024;40(3):941–52. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-023-01852-937821721)
Brasil S, Godoy DA, Videtta W, et al. A comprehensive perspective on intracranial pressure monitoring and individualized management in neurocritical care: results of a survey with global experts. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(3):880–92. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-024-02008-z3881151411599332)
Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM. Non-invasive methods for intracranial pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury using transcranial Doppler: a scoping review. J Neurotrauma. 2024;41(11–12):1282–98. (PMID: 10.1089/neu.2023.000137861291)
Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM, Noninvasive ICP Monitoring International Consensus Group. Using optic nerve sheath diameter for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in traumatic brain injury: a scoping review. Neurocrit Care. 2024;40(3):1193–212. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-023-01884-138114797)
Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM, Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring International Consensus Group. Quantitative pupillometry for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in traumatic brain injury: a scoping review. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(1):255–71. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-023-01927-73835129811335905)
Stewart KA, Navarro SM, Kambala S, et al. Trends in ultrasound use in low and middle income countries: a systematic review. Int J MCH AIDS. 2020;9(1):103–20. (PMID: 10.21106/ijma.294321236347031872)
Kishna YS, Robba C, van der Horst ICC, et al. Practicalities of noninvasive neuromonitoring in intensive care. Neurocrit Care. 2025 Nov 14. Epub ahead of print.
Robba C, Goffi A, Geeraerts T, et al. Brain ultrasonography: methodology, basic and advanced principles and clinical applications. A narrative review. Intensive Care Med. 2019;45(7):913–27. (PMID: 10.1007/s00134-019-05610-431025061)
Shrestha GS, Nepal G, Brasil S. Low-cost strategies for the development of neurocritical care in resource-limited settings. Neurocrit Care. 2025;42(3):1087–98. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-025-02215-239875681)
Petrosino M, Gouvêa Bogossian E, Rebora P, et al. Neurological pupil index and intracranial hypertension in patients with acute brain injury: a secondary analysis of the ORANGE study. JAMA Neurol. 2025;82(2):176–84. (PMID: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.41893965232411811798)
Prust ML, Mbonde A, Rubinos C, et al. Providing neurocritical care in resource-limited settings: challenges and opportunities. Neurocrit Care. 2022;37(2):583–92. (PMID: 10.1007/s12028-022-01568-235840824)
Maas AIR, Menon DK, Manley GT, et al. Traumatic brain injury: progress and challenges in prevention, clinical care, and research. Lancet Neurol. 2022;21(11):1004–60. (PMID: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00309-X3618371210427240)
Shrestha GS, Nepal G, Prabhakar H, Prust ML. Cost-effectiveness of neurocritical care in settings with limited resources. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11(9):e1343. (PMID: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00326-137591582)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Intracranial pressure; Low-resource setting; Monitoring; Noninvasive; Traumatic brain injury
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260402 Date Completed: 20261007 Latest Revision: 20261008
Update Code: 20261009
DOI: 10.1007/s12028-026-02494-3
PMID: 41927988
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Utilization of Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Treated in Low-Resource Settings: The Intrigo Study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Picetti+E%22">Picetti E</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy. edoardopicetti@hotmail.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Taccone+FS%22">Taccone FS</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Adeleye+AO%22">Adeleye AO</searchLink>; Department of Neurological Surgery, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Brasil+S%22">Brasil S</searchLink>; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Godoy+DA%22">Godoy DA</searchLink>; Neuroscience Institute, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prabhakar+H%22">Prabhakar H</searchLink>; Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Neurocritical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rubiano+AM%22">Rubiano AM</searchLink>; Neuroscience Institute, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shrestha+GS%22">Shrestha GS</searchLink>; Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tirsit+A%22">Tirsit A</searchLink>; Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Videtta+W%22">Videtta W</searchLink>; Department of Intensive Care, Posadas Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Robba+C%22">Robba C</searchLink>; IRCCS, Policlínico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101156086%22">Neurocritical care</searchLink> [Neurocrit Care] 2026 Oct; Vol. 45 (2), pp. 564-570. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Apr 02.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Humana+Press%22">Humana Press </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>101156086 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1556-0961 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2215416933%22">15416933 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Neurocrit Care <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Totowa, NJ : Humana Press, c2004-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic%22">Brain Injuries, Traumatic*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic+physiopathology%22">physiopathology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic%22">Brain Injuries, Traumatic*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic+therapy%22">therapy</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic%22">Brain Injuries, Traumatic*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic+diagnostic+imaging%22">diagnostic imaging</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic%22">Brain Injuries, Traumatic*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Brain+Injuries%2C+Traumatic+complications%22">complications</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Pressure%22">Intracranial Pressure*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Pressure+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Hypertension%22">Intracranial Hypertension*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Hypertension+diagnosis%22">diagnosis</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Hypertension%22">Intracranial Hypertension*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intracranial+Hypertension+etiology%22">etiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Neurophysiological+Monitoring%22">Neurophysiological Monitoring*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Neurophysiological+Monitoring+statistics+%26+numerical+data%22">statistics & numerical data</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Neurophysiological+Monitoring%22">Neurophysiological Monitoring*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Neurophysiological+Monitoring+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Optic+Nerve%22">Optic Nerve*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Optic+Nerve+diagnostic+imaging%22">diagnostic imaging</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Practice+Patterns%2C+Physicians'%22">Practice Patterns, Physicians'*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Practice+Patterns%2C+Physicians'+statistics+%26+numerical+data%22">statistics & numerical data</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Monitoring%2C+Physiologic%22">Monitoring, Physiologic</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Monitoring%2C+Physiologic+statistics+%26+numerical+data%22">statistics & numerical data</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Health+Care+Surveys%22">Health Care Surveys</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Health+Care+Surveys+statistics+%26+numerical+data%22">statistics & numerical data</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Resource-Limited+Settings%22">Resource-Limited Settings</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is not universally available in low-resource settings, mainly owing to high costs. In this scenario, noninvasive ICP (nICP) estimation could be integrated in therapeutic protocols. The objective of this international survey was to describe the utilization of nICP monitoring in this setting.<br />Methods: The survey comprised 23 items. Target respondents were doctors treating patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in low-resource settings without the availability of invasive ICP monitoring.<br />Results: In total, 126 physicians from 114 centers among 21 countries worldwide responded. The main findings of this study were: (a) a predominant use of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) as nICP assessment tool; (b) the utilization of at least two methods for nICP estimation in approximately half of the cases; and (c) the absence of specific protocol for nICP monitoring. We also reported a certain degree of variability regarding the parameters suggestive of intracranial hypertension for each of the methods used.<br />Conclusions: Brain ultrasounds, particularly ONSD assessment, are the most frequently utilized tools for nICP estimation in patients with TBI managed in low-resource settings worldwide. Educational efforts linked with protocols development could be a step forward to improve the care of TBI in resource-limited settings, but further studies in this field are necessary.<br /> (© 2026. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and Neurocritical Care Society.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declarations. Conflict of Interest: SB is a senior scientific advisor for brain4care.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18(1):56–87. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1016%2FS1474-4422%2818%2930415-0%22">10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30415-0)</searchLink><br />Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, et al. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018;130(4):1080–97. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E3171%2F2017%2E10%2EJNS1735229701556%22">10.3171/2017.10.JNS1735229701556)</searchLink><br />Hawryluk GWJ, Citerio G, Hutchinson P, et al. Intracranial pressure: current perspectives on physiology and monitoring. Intensive Care Med. 2022;48(10):1471–81. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs00134-022-06786-y35816237%22">10.1007/s00134-022-06786-y35816237)</searchLink><br />Stocchetti N, Picetti E, Berardino M, et al. Clinical applications of intracranial pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury: report of the Milan consensus conference. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2014;156(8):1615–22. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs00701-014-2127-424849391%22">10.1007/s00701-014-2127-424849391)</searchLink><br />Robba C, Graziano F, Rebora P, et al. Intracranial pressure monitoring in patients with acute brain injury in the intensive care unit (SYNAPSE-ICU): an international, prospective observational cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(7):548–58. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1016%2FS1474-4422%2821%2900138-134146513%22">10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00138-134146513)</searchLink><br />Godoy DA, Carrizosa J, Aguilera S, Videtta W, Jibaja M, Latin America Brain Injury Consortium (LABIC) Members. Current practices for intracranial pressure and cerebral oxygenation monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury: a Latin American survey. Neurocrit Care. 2023;38(1):171–7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-022-01605-036163454%22">10.1007/s12028-022-01605-036163454)</searchLink><br />Rubiano AM, Carney N, Chesnut R, Puyana JC. Global neurotrauma research challenges and opportunities. Nature. 2015;527(7578):S193–7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1038%2Fnature1603526580327%22">10.1038/nature1603526580327)</searchLink><br />Rajajee V. Noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring: are we there yet? Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(2):332–8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-024-01951-13842961111377479%22">10.1007/s12028-024-01951-13842961111377479)</searchLink><br />Brasil S, Chesnut R, Robba C. Noninvasive neuromonitoring in acute brain injured patients. Intensive Care Med. 2024;50(6):960–3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs00134-024-07406-738630285%22">10.1007/s00134-024-07406-738630285)</searchLink><br />Robba C, Picetti E, Vásquez-García S, et al. The Brussels consensus for non-invasive ICP monitoring when invasive systems are not available in the care of TBI patients (the B-ICONIC consensus, recommendations, and management algorithm). Intensive Care Med. 2025;51(1):4–20. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs00134-024-07756-239847066%22">10.1007/s00134-024-07756-239847066)</searchLink><br />Mahajan C, Prabhakar H, Rass V, et al. A national survey on coma epidemiology, evaluation, and therapy in India: revisiting the curing coma campaign come together survey. Neurocrit Care. 2024;40(3):941–52. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-023-01852-937821721%22">10.1007/s12028-023-01852-937821721)</searchLink><br />Brasil S, Godoy DA, Videtta W, et al. A comprehensive perspective on intracranial pressure monitoring and individualized management in neurocritical care: results of a survey with global experts. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(3):880–92. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-024-02008-z3881151411599332%22">10.1007/s12028-024-02008-z3881151411599332)</searchLink><br />Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM. Non-invasive methods for intracranial pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury using transcranial Doppler: a scoping review. J Neurotrauma. 2024;41(11–12):1282–98. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1089%2Fneu%2E2023%2E000137861291%22">10.1089/neu.2023.000137861291)</searchLink><br />Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM, Noninvasive ICP Monitoring International Consensus Group. Using optic nerve sheath diameter for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in traumatic brain injury: a scoping review. Neurocrit Care. 2024;40(3):1193–212. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-023-01884-138114797%22">10.1007/s12028-023-01884-138114797)</searchLink><br />Martínez-Palacios K, Vásquez-García S, Fariyike OA, Robba C, Rubiano AM, Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring International Consensus Group. Quantitative pupillometry for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in traumatic brain injury: a scoping review. Neurocrit Care. 2024;41(1):255–71. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-023-01927-73835129811335905%22">10.1007/s12028-023-01927-73835129811335905)</searchLink><br />Stewart KA, Navarro SM, Kambala S, et al. Trends in ultrasound use in low and middle income countries: a systematic review. Int J MCH AIDS. 2020;9(1):103–20. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E21106%2Fijma%2E294321236347031872%22">10.21106/ijma.294321236347031872)</searchLink><br />Kishna YS, Robba C, van der Horst ICC, et al. Practicalities of noninvasive neuromonitoring in intensive care. Neurocrit Care. 2025 Nov 14. Epub ahead of print.<br />Robba C, Goffi A, Geeraerts T, et al. Brain ultrasonography: methodology, basic and advanced principles and clinical applications. A narrative review. Intensive Care Med. 2019;45(7):913–27. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs00134-019-05610-431025061%22">10.1007/s00134-019-05610-431025061)</searchLink><br />Shrestha GS, Nepal G, Brasil S. Low-cost strategies for the development of neurocritical care in resource-limited settings. Neurocrit Care. 2025;42(3):1087–98. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210%2E1007%2Fs12028-025-02215-239875681%22">10.1007/s12028-025-02215-239875681)</searchLink><br />Petrosino M, Gouvêa Bogossian E, Rebora P, et al. Neurological pupil index and intracranial hypertension in patients with acute brain injury: a secondary analysis of the ORANGE study. JAMA Neurol. 2025;82(2):176–84. 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  Label: Contributed Indexing
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Intracranial pressure; Low-resource setting; Monitoring; Noninvasive; Traumatic brain injury
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260402 <i>Date Completed: </i>20261007 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20261008
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  Data: 20261009
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  Data: 10.1007/s12028-026-02494-3
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  Data: 41927988
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=41927988
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s12028-026-02494-3
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 564
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Monitoring, Physiologic statistics & numerical data
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health Care Surveys statistics & numerical data
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Resource-Limited Settings
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain Injuries, Traumatic physiopathology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain Injuries, Traumatic therapy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain Injuries, Traumatic diagnostic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brain Injuries, Traumatic complications
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intracranial Pressure physiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intracranial Hypertension diagnosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Intracranial Hypertension etiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neurophysiological Monitoring statistics & numerical data
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neurophysiological Monitoring methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optic Nerve diagnostic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Utilization of Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Treated in Low-Resource Settings: The Intrigo Study.
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            – D: 01
              M: 10
              Text: 2026 Oct
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
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