Academic Journal
Postharvest delivery of Bacillus G36 metabolites formulated in AgNP modifies Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. bioactive profiles.
| Τίτλος: | Postharvest delivery of Bacillus G36 metabolites formulated in AgNP modifies Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. bioactive profiles. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Fuente-González E; Facultad de Farmacia. USP-CEU, CEU-Universities, Urbanization Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Spain. e.fuente@usp.ceu.es., Plokhovska S; Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine., Gutierrez-Albanchez E; Facultad de Farmacia. USP-CEU, CEU-Universities, Urbanization Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Spain., Ramos-Solano B; Facultad de Farmacia. USP-CEU, CEU-Universities, Urbanization Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Spain. bramsol@ceu.es., Gutiérrez-Mañero FJ; Facultad de Farmacia. USP-CEU, CEU-Universities, Urbanization Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Spain. |
| Πηγή: | Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2026 Mar 17; Vol. 16 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 17. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Metal Nanoparticles*/chemistry , Bacillus*/metabolism , Rosmarinus*/chemistry , Silver*/chemistry, Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Silver Nitrate/chemistry |
| Περίληψη: | This study explores the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using elicitors (ML) from the beneficial bacterium Bacillus G36 and evaluates their potential to enhance bioactive compound production in postharvest rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.). To determine optimal synthesis conditions, different ratios of ML to AgNO3 1mM were mixed, for 24 h, evaluating a range of temperatures (28–37) and pH (5, 7, 9), with and without rosemary extracts, which were characterized by TEM, FTIR, XRD and Zpotential. Two NP were selected based on size and organic crown for biological assay on rosemary. The best conditions were a 1:1 (vv) mixture of ML and silver nitrate, pH 9, 37 °C, producing nanoparticles with an average size of 7.5 nm (S3). These small AgNPs have shown great biological activity. In contrast, adding rosemary extract (RE) to nucleation media, in order to increase reductive media potential, yielded larger particles (≈ 63.9 nm) and reduced their effectiveness. Biological assays showed that S3 AgNPs significantly increased total phenol and flavonol contents in rosemary when applied in postharvest, while ML alone did not, highlighting the better effect of elicitors when formulated in NP. Remarkably, only S3 AgNPs enhanced rosmarinic acid levels by 50%. Both S3 AgNPs and live Bacillus G36 cells also boosted diterpene (carnosic acid equivalents) concentrations. Despite effects on bioactives, only S3 and ML treatments increased the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Overall, the study demonstrates that biosynthesized S3 AgNPs from Bacillus G36 metabolites offer a sustainable and efficient approach to producing small, bioactive nanoparticles capable of improving and maintaining valuable phytochemicals in rosemary postharvest. |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Silver nanoparticles; biological synthesis; postharvest elicitation; rosemary; secondary metabolism. |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 3M4G523W1G (Silver) 0 (Antioxidants) 0 (Plant Extracts) 95IT3W8JZE (Silver Nitrate) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260318 Date Completed: 20260627 Latest Revision: 20260627 |
| Update Code: | 20260627 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13128909 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-026-43957-z |
| PMID: | 41844768 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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