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An evaluation of a canine dry wipe decontamination kit.

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Τίτλος: An evaluation of a canine dry wipe decontamination kit.
Συγγραφείς: Buntz RG; Department of Small Animal Primary Care, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States., Haselden MK; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States., Badola KP; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States., Sharp JL; Sharp Analytics LLC, Fort Collins, CO, United States., Mann KA; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States., France B; TDA Research, Inc., Golden, CO, United States.
Πηγή: Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2026 Feb 12; Vol. 13, pp. 1770205. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 12 (Print Publication: 2026).
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101666658 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2297-1769 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22971769 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Vet Sci Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A., [2014]-
Περίληψη: Introduction: Decontamination of working dogs at the point of exposure is critical for military, law enforcement, and search and rescue operations in austere or hazardous environments where water may be scarce and conventional wet decontamination poses logistical and safety challenges. Prototype dry (waterless) wipe decontamination kits were evaluated for efficacy in removing a surrogate contaminant (GloGerm™) when used by canine handler teams performing total body field decontaminations. The prototype kit procedures employed a sequence of three microfiber towel types: (1) dry, to remove gross contaminants; (2) wet, saturated with a surfactant to clean away residual contaminants; and, (3) dry, to remove final contamination and residual surfactant. Several variables were investigated to refine the final design, test the effectiveness of decontamination at different anatomical locations on the canine, and evaluate the handlers' success in removing the surrogate contaminant after reading the instructional pamphlet alone versus having the instructions and receiving in-person training on kit use.
Methods: Three form factors (single towel, multi-towel small, and multi-towel large) and simulated contamination at three anatomical regions (back, inguinal, and forelimb) were tested by 64 canine handler teams randomized to "trained" (15-min verbal instruction plus pamphlet) or "untrained" (pamphlet only) groups.
Results: Across all form factors and training groups, mean removal efficiencies were highest on the back (91.38% ± 0.18), followed by the forelimb (82.04% ± 0.26) and inguinal region (70.15% ± 0.31). No statistically significant differences were observed among the form factors or training variables. Average decontamination time was 9 min and 24 s (range = 3 min 4 s to 26 min 0 s).
Discussion: Dry wipe decontamination can provide rapid and effective removal of contaminants without water, improving canine and handler safety and enabling early intervention at the point of exposure prior to additional wet decontamination or medical treatment when necessary. Personnel with minimal training can effectively conduct dry wipe decontamination.
(Copyright © 2026 Buntz, Haselden, Badola, Sharp, Mann and France.)
Competing Interests: BF holds USPTO number 12,220,497 for “Materials and Methods for Decontaminating Animal Integument” and is a Chief Scientist at TDA Research, Inc. RB, MH, KB, and KM are research veterinarians and technicians at Mantel Technologies, Inc., a distributor of the Canine Field Decontamination Kit. JS was employed by Sharp Analytics LLC.
References: Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020 Feb;21(1):85-95. (PMID: 31677110)
J Vet Behav. 2021 May-Jun;43:1-6. (PMID: 34177395)
J Vet Behav. 2017 Sep-Oct;21:53-58. (PMID: 29104518)
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2002 Mar;32(2):311-21, v. (PMID: 12012737)
Front Vet Sci. 2022 May 02;9:892998. (PMID: 35585862)
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2022 Jan;32(1):18-25. (PMID: 34931435)
J Appl Toxicol. 2022 Jun;42(6):942-949. (PMID: 34942017)
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2022 Apr 3;25(3):113-134. (PMID: 35220912)
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2024 Feb 28;18:e40. (PMID: 38415396)
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 26;12:1649673. (PMID: 41078493)
J Spec Oper Med. 2020 Summer;20(2):127-131. (PMID: 32573749)
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013;20(3):420-5. (PMID: 24069842)
J Vet Behav. 2019 Jan-Feb;29:4-10. (PMID: 30397397)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: canine; decontamination; dry decon; military working dog; multi-purpose canine
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260302 Date Completed: 20260302 Latest Revision: 20260813
Update Code: 20260813
PubMed Central ID: PMC12935611
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1770205
PMID: 41767669
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: An evaluation of a canine dry wipe decontamination kit.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buntz+RG%22">Buntz RG</searchLink>; Department of Small Animal Primary Care, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Haselden+MK%22">Haselden MK</searchLink>; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Badola+KP%22">Badola KP</searchLink>; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sharp+JL%22">Sharp JL</searchLink>; Sharp Analytics LLC, Fort Collins, CO, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mann+KA%22">Mann KA</searchLink>; Mantel Technologies, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, United States.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22France+B%22">France B</searchLink>; TDA Research, Inc., Golden, CO, United States.
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  Data: Introduction: Decontamination of working dogs at the point of exposure is critical for military, law enforcement, and search and rescue operations in austere or hazardous environments where water may be scarce and conventional wet decontamination poses logistical and safety challenges. Prototype dry (waterless) wipe decontamination kits were evaluated for efficacy in removing a surrogate contaminant (GloGerm™) when used by canine handler teams performing total body field decontaminations. The prototype kit procedures employed a sequence of three microfiber towel types: (1) dry, to remove gross contaminants; (2) wet, saturated with a surfactant to clean away residual contaminants; and, (3) dry, to remove final contamination and residual surfactant. Several variables were investigated to refine the final design, test the effectiveness of decontamination at different anatomical locations on the canine, and evaluate the handlers' success in removing the surrogate contaminant after reading the instructional pamphlet alone versus having the instructions and receiving in-person training on kit use.<br />Methods: Three form factors (single towel, multi-towel small, and multi-towel large) and simulated contamination at three anatomical regions (back, inguinal, and forelimb) were tested by 64 canine handler teams randomized to "trained" (15-min verbal instruction plus pamphlet) or "untrained" (pamphlet only) groups.<br />Results: Across all form factors and training groups, mean removal efficiencies were highest on the back (91.38% ± 0.18), followed by the forelimb (82.04% ± 0.26) and inguinal region (70.15% ± 0.31). No statistically significant differences were observed among the form factors or training variables. Average decontamination time was 9 min and 24 s (range = 3 min 4 s to 26 min 0 s).<br />Discussion: Dry wipe decontamination can provide rapid and effective removal of contaminants without water, improving canine and handler safety and enabling early intervention at the point of exposure prior to additional wet decontamination or medical treatment when necessary. Personnel with minimal training can effectively conduct dry wipe decontamination.<br /> (Copyright © 2026 Buntz, Haselden, Badola, Sharp, Mann and France.)
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  Data: BF holds USPTO number 12,220,497 for “Materials and Methods for Decontaminating Animal Integument” and is a Chief Scientist at TDA Research, Inc. RB, MH, KB, and KM are research veterinarians and technicians at Mantel Technologies, Inc., a distributor of the Canine Field Decontamination Kit. JS was employed by Sharp Analytics LLC.
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  Data: Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020 Feb;21(1):85-95. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231677110%22">31677110)</searchLink><br />J Vet Behav. 2021 May-Jun;43:1-6. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234177395%22">34177395)</searchLink><br />J Vet Behav. 2017 Sep-Oct;21:53-58. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229104518%22">29104518)</searchLink><br />Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2002 Mar;32(2):311-21, v. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212012737%22">12012737)</searchLink><br />Front Vet Sci. 2022 May 02;9:892998. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235585862%22">35585862)</searchLink><br />J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2022 Jan;32(1):18-25. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234931435%22">34931435)</searchLink><br />J Appl Toxicol. 2022 Jun;42(6):942-949. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234942017%22">34942017)</searchLink><br />J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2022 Apr 3;25(3):113-134. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235220912%22">35220912)</searchLink><br />Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2024 Feb 28;18:e40. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238415396%22">38415396)</searchLink><br />Front Vet Sci. 2025 Sep 26;12:1649673. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241078493%22">41078493)</searchLink><br />J Spec Oper Med. 2020 Summer;20(2):127-131. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232573749%22">32573749)</searchLink><br />Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013;20(3):420-5. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224069842%22">24069842)</searchLink><br />J Vet Behav. 2019 Jan-Feb;29:4-10. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230397397%22">30397397)</searchLink>
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