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Safety Assessment of Salvia officinalis (Sage)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics.

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Title: Safety Assessment of Salvia officinalis (Sage)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics.
Authors: Raj PS; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer., Bergfeld WF; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Belsito DV; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Cohen DE; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Klaassen CD; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Liebler DC; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member., Peterson LA; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member., Rettie AE; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Ross D; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Shank RC; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member., Slaga TJ; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member., Snyder PW; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Tilton SC; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member., Fiume MM; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Director., Heldreth B; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Executive Director.
Source: International journal of toxicology [Int J Toxicol] 2026 Feb; Vol. 45 (1_suppl), pp. 88S-105S. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 28.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Sage Publications Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9708436 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1092-874X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10915818 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2009- : Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications
Original Publication: Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis, c1997-
MeSH Terms: Salvia officinalis*/chemistry , Cosmetics*/chemistry , Cosmetics*/toxicity , Plant Extracts*/toxicity , Plant Extracts*/chemistry , Consumer Product Safety*, Animals ; Humans
Abstract: The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 12 Salvia officinalis (Sage)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients are most commonly reported to function as skin conditioning agents and fragrance ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. With Salvia officinalis (Sage)-derived ingredients, the Panel was concerned about certain terpenes as potential sensitizers. Industry should use current good manufacturing practices to minimize impurities. The Panel reviewed data relevant to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that 6 of the ingredients (those derived from the leaves and the oil) are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentrations described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-sensitizing, and that the data are insufficient to make a determination of safety for the remaining 6 ingredients under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Cosmetic Ingredient Review; Cosmetics; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety; Safety; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Juice; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Water; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Oil; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Powder; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Water; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Oil; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Root Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Water
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Cosmetics)
0 (Plant Extracts)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260228 Date Completed: 20260709 Latest Revision: 20260723
Update Code: 20260723
DOI: 10.1177/10915818261425569
PMID: 41761900
Database: MEDLINE
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Header DbId: cmedm
DbLabel: MEDLINE
An: 41761900
AccessLevel: 3
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Safety Assessment of Salvia officinalis (Sage)-Derived Ingredients as Used in Cosmetics.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Raj+PS%22">Raj PS</searchLink>; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Senior Scientific Analyst/Writer.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bergfeld+WF%22">Bergfeld WF</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Belsito+DV%22">Belsito DV</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cohen+DE%22">Cohen DE</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Klaassen+CD%22">Klaassen CD</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liebler+DC%22">Liebler DC</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Peterson+LA%22">Peterson LA</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rettie+AE%22">Rettie AE</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ross+D%22">Ross D</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shank+RC%22">Shank RC</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Slaga+TJ%22">Slaga TJ</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Snyder+PW%22">Snyder PW</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tilton+SC%22">Tilton SC</searchLink>; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fiume+MM%22">Fiume MM</searchLink>; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Director.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heldreth+B%22">Heldreth B</searchLink>; Cosmetic Ingredient Review Executive Director.
– Name: TitleSource
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229708436%22">International journal of toxicology</searchLink> [Int J Toxicol] 2026 Feb; Vol. 45 (1_suppl), pp. 88S-105S. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Feb 28.
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  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article; Review
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
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  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Sage+Publications%22">Sage Publications </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>9708436 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1092-874X (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2210915818%22">10915818 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Int J Toxicol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: <i>Publication</i>: 2009- : Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Washington, DC : Taylor & Francis, c1997-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Salvia+officinalis%22">Salvia officinalis*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Salvia+officinalis+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Cosmetics%22">Cosmetics*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Cosmetics+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Cosmetics%22">Cosmetics*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Cosmetics+toxicity%22">toxicity</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts%22">Plant Extracts*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts+toxicity%22">toxicity</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts%22">Plant Extracts*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Plant+Extracts+chemistry%22">chemistry</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Consumer+Product+Safety%22">Consumer Product Safety*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 12 Salvia officinalis (Sage)-derived ingredients as used in cosmetic formulations. These ingredients are most commonly reported to function as skin conditioning agents and fragrance ingredients. Because final product formulations may contain multiple botanicals, each containing the same constituents of concern, formulators are advised to be aware of these constituents and to avoid reaching levels that may be hazardous to consumers. With Salvia officinalis (Sage)-derived ingredients, the Panel was concerned about certain terpenes as potential sensitizers. Industry should use current good manufacturing practices to minimize impurities. The Panel reviewed data relevant to the safety of these ingredients in cosmetic formulations, and concluded that 6 of the ingredients (those derived from the leaves and the oil) are safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentrations described in this safety assessment when formulated to be non-sensitizing, and that the data are insufficient to make a determination of safety for the remaining 6 ingredients under the intended conditions of use in cosmetic formulations.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
– Name: SubjectMinor
  Label: Contributed Indexing
  Group:
  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Cosmetic Ingredient Review; Cosmetics; Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety; Safety; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Juice; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Flower/Leaf/Stem Water; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Oil; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Powder; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Water; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Oil; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Root Extract; Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Water
– Name: NumberCAS
  Label: Substance Nomenclature
  Group: ID
  Data: 0 (Cosmetics)<br />0 (Plant Extracts)
– Name: DateEntry
  Label: Entry Date(s)
  Group: Date
  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260228 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260709 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260723
– Name: DateUpdate
  Label: Update Code
  Group: Date
  Data: 20260723
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1177/10915818261425569
– Name: AN
  Label: PMID
  Group: ID
  Data: 41761900
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=41761900
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        Value: 10.1177/10915818261425569
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        StartPage: 88S
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Salvia officinalis chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cosmetics chemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cosmetics toxicity
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      – SubjectFull: Plant Extracts toxicity
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              Text: 2026 Feb
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