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Ecological Toxicity of Illegal Mining on Selected Rivers at Obuasi in Ghana Using Daphnia magna and Lemna minor.

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Τίτλος: Ecological Toxicity of Illegal Mining on Selected Rivers at Obuasi in Ghana Using Daphnia magna and Lemna minor.
Συγγραφείς: Sackey LNA; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana., Quansah YM; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana., Aidoo I; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana., Mensah EF; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana.
Πηγή: Environmental toxicology [Environ Toxicol] 2026 Oct; Vol. 41 (10), pp. 1069-1085. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 11.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100885357 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1522-7278 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15204081 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Toxicol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: New York, NY : John Wiley & Sons, c1999-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Daphnia magna*/drug effects , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/toxicity , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Rivers*/chemistry , Araceae*/drug effects , Metals, Heavy*/toxicity , Metals, Heavy*/analysis , Mining*, Daphnia/drug effects ; Animals ; Ghana ; Environmental Monitoring
Περίληψη: Illegal mining activities pose a growing threat to aquatic ecosystems through the release of toxic substances which affect the aquatic organisms within the ecosystem. This has become a growing concern because of the rise of illegal mining in certain parts of Ghana. Therefore, this research seeks to assess the effect of illegal mining on selected rivers at Obuasi in the Ashanti Region using Daphnia magna and Lemna minor. Obuasi was selected as the study area because it is an illegal mining hotspot. Three rivers were randomly selected from Obuasi; Kwabrafoso river (KB), Pompom river (PO), and Diewuo river (DE) to assess their level of toxicity to aquatic organisms. The heavy metals were analyzed using the Agilent 4210 Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP-AES) and the physicochemical properties by using the OHAUS Starter 3100 m. Duckweed (Lemna minor) and Daphnia (Daphnia magna) were used as the test organisms following OECD 211 and OECD 202 protocols respectively. The pH of all river samples was alkaline (7.10-7.49) and within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit. All river samples exceeded the WHO standard for Electrical conductivity and Turbidity. Kwabrafoso showed the highest concentrations of Zn (0.46 mg/L), Pb (0.18 mg/L), and As (0.62 mg/L). Bioaccumulation showed Zn and As as the most bioavailable metals to Daphnia. IC10 and EC50 were measured in the toxicity bioassays for duckweed and Daphnia, respectively, with a toxicity gradient of PO < KB < DE ranging from (4.90-11.48 mg/L) for IC10 and DE < PO < KB ranging from (15.15-31.9 mg/L) for EC50. All the river samples showed confirmed toxicity, indicating the impact of illegal mining on aquatic ecosystems. This highlights the need for monitoring and strong regulations to protect aquatic ecosystems.
(© 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
References: PLoS One. 2014 Sep 02;9(9):e106857. (PMID: 25180579)
Int Sch Res Notices. 2014 Nov 09;2014:252148. (PMID: 27351015)
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Sep 1;200:110732. (PMID: 32460049)
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Nov 20;195(12):1500. (PMID: 37985477)
Chemosphere. 2023 Feb;314:137678. (PMID: 36586446)
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Sep 17;194(10):797. (PMID: 36114919)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Aug 28;12(9):10620-34. (PMID: 26343702)
Ann Card Anaesth. 2019 Jan-Mar;22(1):67-72. (PMID: 30648682)
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 10;833:155165. (PMID: 35413352)
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2022 Aug;94:103922. (PMID: 35779705)
Chemistry. 2018 May 11;24(27):6905-6916. (PMID: 29314284)
Heliyon. 2020 Jul 04;6(7):e04268. (PMID: 32671242)
Chemosphere. 2021 Sep;278:130402. (PMID: 33839387)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Daphnia; aquatic ecosystem; duckweed; ecology; heavy metals; toxicity
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
0 (Metals, Heavy)
SCR Organism: Lemna minor
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260211 Date Completed: 20260902 Latest Revision: 20260904
Update Code: 20260904
PubMed Central ID: PMC13537354
DOI: 10.1002/tox.70045
PMID: 41672570
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Ecological Toxicity of Illegal Mining on Selected Rivers at Obuasi in Ghana Using Daphnia magna and Lemna minor.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Sackey+LNA%22&quot;&gt;Sackey LNA&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Quansah+YM%22&quot;&gt;Quansah YM&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Aidoo+I%22&quot;&gt;Aidoo I&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Mensah+EF%22&quot;&gt;Mensah EF&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Environmental Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashnati Region, Ghana.
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  Data: Illegal mining activities pose a growing threat to aquatic ecosystems through the release of toxic substances which affect the aquatic organisms within the ecosystem. This has become a growing concern because of the rise of illegal mining in certain parts of Ghana. Therefore, this research seeks to assess the effect of illegal mining on selected rivers at Obuasi in the Ashanti Region using Daphnia magna and Lemna minor. Obuasi was selected as the study area because it is an illegal mining hotspot. Three rivers were randomly selected from Obuasi; Kwabrafoso river (KB), Pompom river (PO), and Diewuo river (DE) to assess their level of toxicity to aquatic organisms. The heavy metals were analyzed using the Agilent 4210 Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP-AES) and the physicochemical properties by using the OHAUS Starter 3100 m. Duckweed (Lemna minor) and Daphnia (Daphnia magna) were used as the test organisms following OECD 211 and OECD 202 protocols respectively. The pH of all river samples was alkaline (7.10-7.49) and within the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limit. All river samples exceeded the WHO standard for Electrical conductivity and Turbidity. Kwabrafoso showed the highest concentrations of Zn (0.46 mg/L), Pb (0.18 mg/L), and As (0.62 mg/L). Bioaccumulation showed Zn and As as the most bioavailable metals to Daphnia. IC&lt;subscript&gt;10&lt;/subscript&gt; and EC&lt;subscript&gt;50&lt;/subscript&gt; were measured in the toxicity bioassays for duckweed and Daphnia, respectively, with a toxicity gradient of PO &amp;lt; KB &amp;lt; DE ranging from (4.90-11.48 mg/L) for IC&lt;subscript&gt;10&lt;/subscript&gt; and DE &amp;lt; PO &amp;lt; KB ranging from (15.15-31.9 mg/L) for EC&lt;subscript&gt;50&lt;/subscript&gt;. All the river samples showed confirmed toxicity, indicating the impact of illegal mining on aquatic ecosystems. This highlights the need for monitoring and strong regulations to protect aquatic ecosystems.&lt;br /&gt; (&#169; 2026 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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  Data: PLoS One. 2014 Sep 02;9(9):e106857. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2225180579%22&quot;&gt;25180579)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Int Sch Res Notices. 2014 Nov 09;2014:252148. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2227351015%22&quot;&gt;27351015)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Sep 1;200:110732. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2232460049%22&quot;&gt;32460049)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Nov 20;195(12):1500. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2237985477%22&quot;&gt;37985477)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chemosphere. 2023 Feb;314:137678. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2236586446%22&quot;&gt;36586446)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Sep 17;194(10):797. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2236114919%22&quot;&gt;36114919)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Aug 28;12(9):10620-34. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2226343702%22&quot;&gt;26343702)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ann Card Anaesth. 2019 Jan-Mar;22(1):67-72. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2230648682%22&quot;&gt;30648682)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 10;833:155165. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2235413352%22&quot;&gt;35413352)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2022 Aug;94:103922. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2235779705%22&quot;&gt;35779705)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chemistry. 2018 May 11;24(27):6905-6916. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2229314284%22&quot;&gt;29314284)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Heliyon. 2020 Jul 04;6(7):e04268. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2232671242%22&quot;&gt;32671242)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Chemosphere. 2021 Sep;278:130402. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2233839387%22&quot;&gt;33839387)&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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        Text: English
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        StartPage: 1069
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Daphnia drug effects
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animals
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      – SubjectFull: Ghana
        Type: general
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