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Deciphering reprogramming efficiency in human induced pluripotent stem cells: insights from the generation of 150 cell lines.

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Title: Deciphering reprogramming efficiency in human induced pluripotent stem cells: insights from the generation of 150 cell lines.
Authors: Kuebler B; Barcelona Stem Cell Bank, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P-[CMRC]), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain., Selvitella S; Barcelona Stem Cell Bank, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P-[CMRC]), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain., Aran B; Barcelona Stem Cell Bank, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P-[CMRC]), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain., Raya A; Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P-[CMRC]), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Stem Cell Potency Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.; Physiological Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain., Veiga A; Barcelona Stem Cell Bank, Regenerative Medicine Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.; Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia (P-[CMRC]), L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
Source: Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2026 Jan 13; Vol. 16, pp. 1719056. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 13 (Print Publication: 2025).
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation]
MeSH Terms: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells*/cytology , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells*/metabolism , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells*/physiology , Cellular Reprogramming*/genetics, Humans ; Cell Line ; Cell Differentiation ; Cellular Reprogramming Techniques
Abstract: Introduction: The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) revolutionized the field of translational medicine by enabling the reprogramming of adult somatic cells into a pluripotent state. From personalized disease models to innovative cell therapies, iPSCs are poised to play a central role in the future of clinical medicine. iPSCs hold enormous promises due to their ability to self-renew indefinitely and differentiate into all somatic cell types, thus offering patient-specific cellular models and therapeutic options without the ethical constraints of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). iPSCs, which exhibit pluripotency similar to embryonic stem cells, are generated by introducing specific factors into terminally differentiated cells, inducing a shift in their epigenetic and transcriptional landscape, which leads to the reactivation of the pluripotency program of the cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying successful reprogramming remain poorly understood.
Methods: In this study we performed a statistical evaluation of reprogramming efficiencies of 150 iPSC lines generated in our lab, comparing factors such as the starting somatic cell type, passage number, donor´s health status, donor age and sex, reprogramming methodology, and growth conditions.
Results/discussion: We found that the most relevant factor influencing reprogramming efficiency is the developmental status of the starting cells. While other parameters may exert minor effects, inherent donor-specific biological characteristics appear to play the strongest role in determining reprogramming outcomes.
(Copyright © 2026 Kuebler, Selvitella, Aran, Raya and Veiga.)
Competing Interests: The authors declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: iPSC characterization; induced pluripotent stem cells; integrating reprogramming methods; non-integrating reprogramming methods; reprogramming efficiency
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260129 Date Completed: 20260701 Latest Revision: 20260701
Update Code: 20260701
PubMed Central ID: PMC12834790
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1719056
PMID: 41607802
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1719056